Volume 11 - Issue 11

A Study To Evaluate The Effectiveness Of Video Assisted Psycho Education Program On Knowledge Regarding Reiki Therapy Among II Year B.Sc. Nursing Students At Hindusthan College Of Nursing, Coimbatore District.

T Introduction Reiki Is A Spiritual Practice Developed In 1922 By Japanese Buddhist Mikao Usui. Reiki Is A Hand On Healing Technique That Transmits Universal Energy From The Reiki Practitioner To The Person Receiving The Treatment. The Practitioner A... T Introduction Reiki Is A Spiritual Practice Developed In 1922 By Japanese Buddhist Mikao Usui. Reiki Is A Hand On Healing Technique That Transmits Universal Energy From The Reiki Practitioner To The Person Receiving The Treatment. The Practitioner Applies Hand Positions On The Body Which Passes The Energy To The Reiki Client. The Energy Enters The Body And Goes Wherever It Is Needed. It Involves Physically, Emotionally, Mentally And Spiritually And Gives Relaxation And Feelings Of Peace And Wellbeing.Aim Is To Evaluate The Effectiveness Of Video Assisted Psycho Education Program On Knowledge Regarding Reiki Therapy Among II Year B.Sc. Nursing Students At Hindusthan College Of Nursing, Coimbatore District. Methods And Tools A Quantitative Research Approach Was Used In This Study. The Design Was Pre-experimental One Group Pre-test, Post-test Design. The Tool Used For This Study Was Self-structured Questionnaire On Reiki Therapy To Evaluate The Effectiveness Of Video Assisted Psycho-education On Knowledge Regarding Reiki Therapy Among II Year B.Sc. Nursing Students. Results The Findings Showed That At The Pre-test And Post-test Based On Self-structured Rating Scale Among The 56 B.Sc. Nursing Students In The Pretest, Majority 50(89.57%) Of The Students Had Inadequate Level Of Knowledge And 6(10.43%) Had Moderately Adequate Level Of Knowledge And Whereas In The Post Test After The Video Assisted Psycho Education Program Majority 55(98.22%) Showed Adequate Level Of Knowledge And 1(1.78%) Often Had Moderately Adequate Level Of Knowledge. Pre-test Mean Score Of Knowledge Regarding Reiki Therapy Among II Year B.Sc. Nursing Students Was 6.86 With S.D 3.31 And In The Post-test Mean Score Of Knowledge Regarding Reiki Therapy Was 26.80 With S.D 2.82. The Calculated Paired ‘t’ Value Of T = 40.63 Was Found To Be Statistically Significant At P<0.05 Level. Hence The Hypotheses Were Accepted. Discussion The ‘t’ Value 7.84 Was Compared With Tabulated Table Value At The Level Of P< 0.05 Was Significant. The Findings Of The Study That The Video Assisted Psycho Education Program Was Very Effective In Improving The Level Of Knowledge. This Study Will Help The Health Care Professionals To Develop Appropriate Teaching Materials. Video Assisted Psycho Education Program Is A Proven Method To Improve The Knowledge Of The B.Sc. Nursing Students Which Will Help Them To Facilitate The Healthy Practices In Day-to-day Activities. Since It Is Cost Effective And A Self- Healing Procedure Itcan Be Applied In All Settings. Read more Read less

Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Effectiveness

Emotional Intelligence (EI) Has Emerged As A Central Determinant Of Leadership Success In Modern Organizations. As Workplaces Become More Dynamic And Interpersonal Demands Increase, Leaders Must Effectively Perceive, Regulate, And Apply Emotions To M... Emotional Intelligence (EI) Has Emerged As A Central Determinant Of Leadership Success In Modern Organizations. As Workplaces Become More Dynamic And Interpersonal Demands Increase, Leaders Must Effectively Perceive, Regulate, And Apply Emotions To Motivate Followers And Achieve Organizational Goals. This Study Examines The Relationship Between EI And Leadership Effectiveness Using Both Theoretical Perspectives And Primary Empirical Data. A Structured Questionnaire Was Administered To 50 Respondents, And The Resulting Data Were Analyzed Using SPSS. The Findings Show Strong Positive Correlations Between EI, Leadership Communication, And Overall Leadership Effectiveness. Regression Analysis Revealed That EI Accounts For 71% Of The Variance In Leadership Effectiveness, Demonstrating Its Significant Predictive Power. The Study Emphasizes The Role Of EI Development In Leadership Training And Organizational Performance Improvement. Read more Read less

A Study On Employee Attitudes Towards The Statutory Welfare Measures At Lucas Tvs Ltd

This Study Examines Employee Attitudes Toward Statutory Welfare Measures, Focusing On Their Awareness, Perceptions, And Utilization Of Legally Mandated Workplace Benefits. Key Welfare Provisions Such As Health And Safety, Social Security, Working Hou... This Study Examines Employee Attitudes Toward Statutory Welfare Measures, Focusing On Their Awareness, Perceptions, And Utilization Of Legally Mandated Workplace Benefits. Key Welfare Provisions Such As Health And Safety, Social Security, Working Hours, And Leave Policies Are Assessed For Their Adequacy And Effectiveness. Data Collected Through Structured Questionnaires Were Analyzed Using Descriptive And Statistical Techniques. Results Indicate Generally Positive Employee Attitudes; However, Gaps Remain In Implementation And Awareness. The Findings Highlight That Improved Execution And Consistent Monitoring Of Statutory Welfare Measures Can Strengthen Employee Morale, Motivation, And Overall Productivity. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON WORKPLACE ERGONOMICS AND ITS EFFECT ON HEALTH AND PRODUCTIVITY IN PRASANNA PRECISION TOOLS

This Research Paper Examines The Impact Of Workplace Ergonomics On Employee Health And Productivity At Prasanna Precision Tools. The Study Highlights Ergonomic Concerns Such As Repetitive Strain, Poor Posture, Workstation Layout Issues, And Their Mea... This Research Paper Examines The Impact Of Workplace Ergonomics On Employee Health And Productivity At Prasanna Precision Tools. The Study Highlights Ergonomic Concerns Such As Repetitive Strain, Poor Posture, Workstation Layout Issues, And Their Measurable Effects On Performance. Expanded Statistical Analysis Including ANOVA, Correlation, And T‑tests Show Clear Patterns Linking Ergonomic Awareness And Training To Improved Efficiency. The Results Emphasize The Importance Of Integrating Ergonomics As A Strategic Organizational Priority. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEARNING AGILITY AND CAREER PROGRESSION AMONG TECH PROFESSIONALS IN TWILIGHT IT SOLUTIONS

The Modern IT Industry Is Characterized By Rapid Technological Advancements, Evolving Job Demands, And The Continuous Need For Upskilling. Learning Agility—one’s Ability To Unlearn, Relearn, And Apply New Knowledge Effectively—has Emerged As A Critic... The Modern IT Industry Is Characterized By Rapid Technological Advancements, Evolving Job Demands, And The Continuous Need For Upskilling. Learning Agility—one’s Ability To Unlearn, Relearn, And Apply New Knowledge Effectively—has Emerged As A Critical Competency Influencing Career Progression. This Study Examines The Relationship Between Learning Agility And Career Advancement Among Tech Professionals At Twilight IT Solutions, Puducherry. Using Primary Data Collected From 100 Employees, The Research Explores Key Dimensions Of Learning Agility Such As Self-directed Learning, Adaptability, Experimentation, Feedback-seeking, And Performance In Dynamic Situations. Statistical Tools Including Descriptive Analysis, Factor Analysis, Correlation, And Regression Were Employed To Interpret The Data. The Findings Reveal That Tech Professionals With Higher Learning Agility Exhibit Greater Job Satisfaction, Improved Performance, And Faster Career Progression. The Study Concludes That Fostering Learning Agility Enhances Employee Growth And Helps Organizations Build A Future-ready Workforce. Recommendations Include Structured Training, Mentorship Programs, Continuous Learning Platforms, And Organizational Initiatives That Encourage Agility-based Career Development. Read more Read less

A Study On Employee Absenteeism: A Hidden Barrier To Organisational Productivity

The Study Titled “A Study On Employee Absenteeism And Its Impact On Productivity” Focuses On Identifying The Causes, Patterns, And Effects Of Employee Absenteeism On Organizational Performance. The Research Aims To Understand How Factors Such As Heal... The Study Titled “A Study On Employee Absenteeism And Its Impact On Productivity” Focuses On Identifying The Causes, Patterns, And Effects Of Employee Absenteeism On Organizational Performance. The Research Aims To Understand How Factors Such As Health Issues, Personal Problems, Work Pressure, And Job Satisfaction Contribute To Absenteeism. Data Were Collected Through Structured Questionnaires And Analysed Using Statistical Tools To Determine The Relationship Between Absenteeism And Productivity Levels. The Findings Reveal That Frequent Absenteeism Disrupts Workflow, Increases Workload For Other Employees, And Affects Overall Team Efficiency. The Study Also Highlights That Temporary Employees Show Higher Absenteeism Rates Compared To Permanent Staff. It Concludes That Improving Workplace Conditions, Communication, And Employee Welfare Measures Can Significantly Reduce Absenteeism And Enhance Productivity. Recommendations Include Implementing Stress Management Programs, Flexible Leave Policies, And Motivational Initiatives To Promote Better Attendance And Organizational Performance. Read more Read less

Employee Retention Practices And Their Effectiveness At Nilkamal Industries

This Study Investigates The Employee Retention Practices Adopted At Nilkamal Industries And Evaluates Their Effectiveness In Minimizing Employee Turnover. A Structured Questionnaire Was Administered To 110 Employees, And Statistical Tools Such As Per... This Study Investigates The Employee Retention Practices Adopted At Nilkamal Industries And Evaluates Their Effectiveness In Minimizing Employee Turnover. A Structured Questionnaire Was Administered To 110 Employees, And Statistical Tools Such As Percentage Analysis, Chi-Square Test, ANOVA, Correlation, And Regression Were Applied. The Findings Indicate That Retention Is Significantly Influenced By Factors Including Compensation, Non-monetary Benefits, Career Development Opportunities, Workplace Safety, And HR Policies. While Certain Retention Strategies Are Effective, Issues Such As Inadequate Communication, Limited Growth Opportunities, And Safety Concerns Continue To Affect Overall Employee Satisfaction. The Study Provides Recommendations To Strengthen Employee Engagement And Improve Organizational Retention Outcomes. Read more Read less

A Study On Financial Performance Analysis In Berger Paints India Ltd

Financial Performance Analysis Plays A Critical Role In Determining The Operational Efficiency And Sustainability Of Business Organisations. This Study Evaluates The Financial Performance Of Berger Paints India Limited (BPIL), One Of India's Leading... Financial Performance Analysis Plays A Critical Role In Determining The Operational Efficiency And Sustainability Of Business Organisations. This Study Evaluates The Financial Performance Of Berger Paints India Limited (BPIL), One Of India's Leading Paint Manufacturers, Over A Five-year Period From 2020 To 2025. The Analysis Focuses On Ratio Analysis, Trend Analysis, And Comparative Financial Statements To Assess The Company’s Liquidity, Solvency, Profitability, And Turnover Efficiency. The Study Uses Secondary Data Collected From Annual Reports And Financial Databases. The Findings Reveal That BPIL Maintains Stable Profitability, Increasing Revenue Growth, And Efficient Utilisation Of Fixed Assets. However, The Company Shows Moderate Liquidity Levels Due To High Short-term Obligations, And Its Solvency Ratios Indicate Significant Dependence On External Borrowings. The Overall Conclusion Suggests That BPIL Is Financially Strong, With Consistent Expansion And Stable Stakeholder Confidence. Read more Read less

CAPITAL BUDGETING AND INVESTMENT DECISION MAKING IN LENOVO

This Study Examines The Capital Budgeting And Investment Decision-making Practices At Lenovo’s Puducherry Manufacturing Plant. The Analysis Focuses On Evaluating Three Proposed Investment Projects Using Financial Tools Such As Net Present Value (NPV)... This Study Examines The Capital Budgeting And Investment Decision-making Practices At Lenovo’s Puducherry Manufacturing Plant. The Analysis Focuses On Evaluating Three Proposed Investment Projects Using Financial Tools Such As Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate Of Return (IRR), Payback Period, Accounting Rate Of Return (ARR), And Profitability Index (PI). The Findings Reveal That All Three Projects Are Financially Viable, With Project A Demonstrating The Highest Profitability And Strategic Suitability Based On Its Superior NPV, IRR, ARR, PI, And Shortest Payback Period. The Study Concludes That Effective Capital Budgeting Is Essential For Lenovo To Optimize Resources, Support Technological Advancements, And Ensure Sustainable Long-term Growth. Read more Read less

WORKING CAPITAL MANAGMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON PROFITABILITY: A STUDY ON HINDUSTAN UNILIVER LIMITED

Working Capital Management Is A Vital Component Of Financial Performance As It Ensures That An Organization Maintains Adequate Liquidity To Meet Its Short-term Obligations. This Study Examines The Relationship Between Working Capital Management And P... Working Capital Management Is A Vital Component Of Financial Performance As It Ensures That An Organization Maintains Adequate Liquidity To Meet Its Short-term Obligations. This Study Examines The Relationship Between Working Capital Management And Profitability In Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL) Using Secondary Data From FY 2020–21 To FY 2024–25. Analytical Tools Such As Ratio Analysis, Working Capital Turnover, Changes In Working Capital, And Regression Analysis Were Used To Evaluate Liquidity And Efficiency. Findings Reveal That HUL Maintains Strong Inventory Management, Moderate Liquidity, And Stable Profitability, Although Working Capital Turnover Fluctuated Due To Variations In Current Asset Levels. Regression Results Show That Profitability Ratios Explain Part Of The Variation In Working Capital Turnover, Although Not At Statistically Significant Levels. The Study Concludes That Improving Receivable Management, Optimizing Inventory, And Enhancing Cash Flow Strategies Can Further Strengthen Profitability. Read more Read less

CREDIT APPRAISAL OF VEHICLE LOAN IN SHIRAM FINANCE LIMITED

Credit Appraisal Is A Critical Activity Within The Lending Ecosystem Of Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs), Particularly In The Vehicle Loan Segment Where Borrowers Often Exhibit Irregular Income Patterns And Higher Default Probability. Shriram... Credit Appraisal Is A Critical Activity Within The Lending Ecosystem Of Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs), Particularly In The Vehicle Loan Segment Where Borrowers Often Exhibit Irregular Income Patterns And Higher Default Probability. Shriram Finance Limited, A Leading NBFC In India, Follows A Comprehensive Appraisal System Involving Document Verification, CIBIL Analysis, Field Investigation, And Income Assessment. This Study Analyses The Credit Appraisal Practices Of The Villianur Branch And Examines How These Practices Influence EMI Structuring, Borrower Selection, And Non-Performing Asset (NPA) Trends From 2020 To 2025. The Study Uses Secondary Data Collected From Branch Records And Customer Case Sheets. Findings Indicate That Systematic Appraisal, Supported By Field Verification And Behavioural Checks, Contributes To Improved Loan Performance And A Consistent Decline In NPAs. The Study Concludes That Integrating Digital Scorecards, Expanding Post-disbursement Monitoring, And Strengthening Risk-based Scoring Tools Will Further Enhance Portfolio Quality. Read more Read less

A COMPARATIVE SUDY ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SBI AND HDFC BANK THROUGH CAMEL APPROACH

This Study Undertakes A Comparative Analysis Of The Financial Performance Of The State Bank Of India (SBI) And HDFC Bank, Representing The Public And Private Banking Sectors In India, Respectively. Using The CAMEL Framework—Capital Adequacy, Asset Qu... This Study Undertakes A Comparative Analysis Of The Financial Performance Of The State Bank Of India (SBI) And HDFC Bank, Representing The Public And Private Banking Sectors In India, Respectively. Using The CAMEL Framework—Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management Efficiency, Earnings, And Liquidity—supported By Ratio Analysis, ANOVA, And Arithmetic Mean, The Research Evaluates The Performance Of Both Banks Over The Period 2021–2025. The Findings Reveal That HDFC Bank Demonstrates Superior Profitability, Asset Quality, And Operational Efficiency, While SBI Reflects Greater Financial Inclusion, Capital Strength, And Market Outreach, Albeit Constrained By Higher Non-performing Assets And Cost Inefficiencies. Based On The Interpretations, Targeted Suggestions And Recommendations Are Proposed For SBI To Enhance Efficiency, Strengthen Risk Management, Improve Digital Adoption, And Diversify Income Streams. The Study Contributes To The Academic Literature On Banking Performance By Offering Insights Into The Comparative Dynamics Of Public And Private Sector Banks, While Also Serving As A Valuable Reference For Investors, Policymakers, And Financial Institutions In Formulating Performance-improvement Strategies. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON THE PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF SRI SAI POLIMERS

This Project, Titled “A Study On Profitability Analysis Of Sri Sai Polymers,” Focuses On Evaluating The Financial Performance And Profitability Trends Of The Company Over A Five-year Period From 2020 To 2024. The Study Aims To Assess How Effectively... This Project, Titled “A Study On Profitability Analysis Of Sri Sai Polymers,” Focuses On Evaluating The Financial Performance And Profitability Trends Of The Company Over A Five-year Period From 2020 To 2024. The Study Aims To Assess How Effectively The Organization Converts Its Revenues Into Profits And How Efficiently It Utilizes Its Resources And Capital To Sustain Financial Growth .The Research Is Based On Secondary Data Obtained From The Company’s Financial Statements. Analytical Tools Such As Profitability Ratios (Gross Profit Ratio, Net Profit Ratio, And Return On Capital Employed), Ratio Analysis, And Trend Analysis Were Applied To Measure Financial Performance. The Findings Reveal That Sri Sai Polymers Maintained A Stable Gross Profit Margin Of Around 30% And A Consistent Net Profit Ratio Close To 10%, Indicating Sound Cost And Operational Management.The Study Concludes That Sri Sai Polymers Has Demonstrated Strong Profitability, Effective Resource Utilization, And Financial Stability Despite Fluctuations In Raw Material Costs And Market Dynamics. However, The Slight Decline In Profit Ratios In 2024 Highlights The Need For Enhanced Cost Control And Strategic Reinvestment. Overall, The Analysis Confirms That The Company Is Financially Sound And Well-positioned For Sustainable Long-term Growth. Read more Read less

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SHARE PRICE MOVEMENTS OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS IN INDIA

This Study Focuses On The Comparative Analysis Of Share Price Movements Between Selected Public And Private Sector Banks In India During The Period From January 1, 2025, To June 30, 2025. The Research Examines The Market Behavior And Risk Patterns Of... This Study Focuses On The Comparative Analysis Of Share Price Movements Between Selected Public And Private Sector Banks In India During The Period From January 1, 2025, To June 30, 2025. The Research Examines The Market Behavior And Risk Patterns Of Four Major Banks: State Bank Of India (SBI) And Bank Of Baroda (BOB) Representing The Public Sector, And HDFC Bank And ICICI Bank Representing The Private Sector. Investors Often Face Difficulty In Deciding Which Category Of Banks Provides Better Returns With Acceptable Risk Levels. To Address This, The Study Is Based Entirely On Secondary Data And Applies A Set Of Technical Analysis Tools That Are Widely Recognized For Evaluating Stock Price Behavior. These Tools Include A 5-day Moving Average, Relative Strength Index (RSI), Rate Of Change (ROC), Beta (\beta), And Standard Deviation (\sigma). The Findings Are Intended To Guide Investors And Analysts In Making Informed Decisions By Revealing Patterns And Differences In Price Movements And Risk Profiles. Read more Read less

A Study On Cost Volume Profit Analysis At Food Products At Venkataramana Food Specialities Limited

This Study Examines The Application Of Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) Analysis In Improving Financial Performance And Decision-making At Venkataramana Food Specialities Limited (VFSL), A Leading Indian Snack Manufacturer. The Research Aims To Analyze The I... This Study Examines The Application Of Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) Analysis In Improving Financial Performance And Decision-making At Venkataramana Food Specialities Limited (VFSL), A Leading Indian Snack Manufacturer. The Research Aims To Analyze The Interrelationship Between Cost, Volume, And Profit To Evaluate How CVP Tools Such As Contribution Margin, Break Even Point, And Profit Analysis Assist In Managerial Planning And Control. Using Secondary Data From VFSL’s Financial Statements For The Period 2020–2024, The Study Identifies Trends In Sales, Costs, And Profitability. The Findings Reveal A Steady Rise In Sales Revenue—from ₹11,906.74 Crore In 2020 To ₹19,843.53 Crore In 2024—and A Significant Increase In Contribution Margin And CVP Profit, Highlighting Effective Cost Control And Strategic Pricing. The Break-even Point Consistently Declined Until 2023, Reflecting Improved Efficiency And Stronger Cost Management. Despite Minor Sales Fluctuations In 2024, Profitability Continued To Grow Due To Optimized Fixed And Variable Cost Structures. The Study Concludes That CVP Analysis Serves As A Vital Managerial Accounting Tool That Enhances Forecasting Accuracy, Pricing Strategy, And Profit Planning. It Recommends Continued Investment In Automation, AI-based Forecasting, And Market Expansion To Sustain Long-term Profitability And Financial Resilience. Read more Read less

A Review On Dhatura Plant

Daturastramonium Is A Plant That’s Used In Medicine. It Contains Important Chemicals Like Tropane Alkaloids, Amino Acids, And Others.The Plant Has Many Benefits, But It Can Be Poisonous If Not Used Properly.Daturastramonium Is A Plant Used In Traditi... Daturastramonium Is A Plant That’s Used In Medicine. It Contains Important Chemicals Like Tropane Alkaloids, Amino Acids, And Others.The Plant Has Many Benefits, But It Can Be Poisonous If Not Used Properly.Daturastramonium Is A Plant Used In Traditional Medicine Worldwide. This Article Reviews Itsmedicinal Properties And The Chemicals It Contains, Highlighting Its Potential Uses And Benefits.This Plant Has Contributed VariousPharmacological Actions In The Scientific Field Of Indian Systems Of Medicines Like AnalgesicAndantiasthmatic Activities. The Present Paper Presents An Exclusive Review Work On The Ethnomedical, Phytochemical, Pharmacological Activities Of This Plant. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON RAW MATERIAL PRICE FLUCTUATIONS AND ITS IMPACT ON PROFITABILITY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO AUCKLANE LIFE SCIENCES PRIVATE LIMITED

This Study Analyzes The Impact Of Raw Material Price Fluctuations On The Profitability Of Tablet Manufacturing Units, With Specific Reference To Aucklane Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Puducherry. In The Pharmaceutical Industry, Raw Materials Such As Activ... This Study Analyzes The Impact Of Raw Material Price Fluctuations On The Profitability Of Tablet Manufacturing Units, With Specific Reference To Aucklane Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Puducherry. In The Pharmaceutical Industry, Raw Materials Such As Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs), Excipients, And Packaging Materials Account For A Major Portion Of Production Costs, Making Profitability Highly Sensitive To Their Price Changes. The Research, Based On Secondary Data Over Five Years (2020–2024), Employs Trend Analysis, Ratio Analysis, And Regression Techniques To Examine The Relationship Between Raw Material Costs And Financial Performance Indicators Like Gross Profit, Net Profit, Operating Profit, And Return On Investment. The Findings Reveal That All Key Raw Materials Exhibited Consistent Price Increases, Significantly Affecting Production Costs And Profit Margins. While Gross Profit And Operating Profit Ratios Improved Due To Effective Cost Control, Net Profit Ratio And ROI Fluctuated, Indicating The Influence Of Rising Input Costs. Regression Results Confirmed A Strong Positive Correlation Between Raw Material Consumption And Net Sales, Proving That Sales Performance Is Closely Linked To Material Usage. The Study Concludes That Efficient Material Management, Supplier Diversification, Cost Control, And Long-term Procurement Strategies Are Vital For Maintaining Stable Profitability And Achieving Sustainable Growth In A Competitive Pharmaceutical Environment. Read more Read less

Content Analysis as a Research Method in Library & Information Science: A Review

Content Analysis Is A Significant And Widely Used Research Method In Library And Information Science (LIS), Providing A Systematic Approach To Study Recorded Communication Such As Journal Articles, Books, Reports, Websites, And Digital Repositories.... Content Analysis Is A Significant And Widely Used Research Method In Library And Information Science (LIS), Providing A Systematic Approach To Study Recorded Communication Such As Journal Articles, Books, Reports, Websites, And Digital Repositories. This Theoretical Review Examines Content Analysis As A Research Method, Focusing On Its Conceptual Foundations, Methodological Orientations, Types, Strengths, Limitations, And Relevance In LIS Research. By Critically Reviewing Theoretical Perspectives And Prior Studies, The Article Demonstrates How Content Analysis Supports Both Qualitative And Quantitative Research And Contributes To Theory Building, Knowledge Organization, And Scholarly Communication. Read more Read less

Artificial Neural Network-Based Approaches For Predicting Software Development

To Get Reliable Software On Time And Under Budget, You Need To Be Able To Accurately Forecast How Much Work Will Go Into Developing It. There Have Been A Number Of Software Effort Estimating Models Made In The Last Few Years, But It's Still Hard To G... To Get Reliable Software On Time And Under Budget, You Need To Be Able To Accurately Forecast How Much Work Will Go Into Developing It. There Have Been A Number Of Software Effort Estimating Models Made In The Last Few Years, But It's Still Hard To Get Reliable Estimates For Software Projects. Software Failures Are Primarily Attributed To Inaccurate Effort Estimation During Initial Phases. So, A Lot Of Researchers Are Utilizing AI To Make New Models And Make The Ones That Already Exist Better. Dynamic Circumstances In Software Development Technology Complicate The Predictability Of Work Estimation. This Article Talks About The Most Popular Ways To Estimate How Much Work Software Will Take. ANN (Artificial Neural Network) Can Simulate A Complicated Set Of Relationships Between The Dependent Variable (effort) And The Independent Factors (cost Drivers), Which Makes It A Promising Tool For Estimate. This Study Provides A Review Grounded In The Performance Analysis Of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) And Juxtaposes The Outcomes Of Linear Regression Models In Effort Estimation. Read more Read less

American Journal Of Agricultural Economics: A Bibliometric Analysis

The Present Study Provide A Bibliometric Analysis Of Total 1026 Articles Published In “American Journal Of Agricultural Economics” (AJAE) Covering A Ten-year Period From 2010 To 2019. AJAE During The Selected Period Analyze With The Help Of Bibliomet... The Present Study Provide A Bibliometric Analysis Of Total 1026 Articles Published In “American Journal Of Agricultural Economics” (AJAE) Covering A Ten-year Period From 2010 To 2019. AJAE During The Selected Period Analyze With The Help Of Bibliometric Techniques With The Aim Of Examining The Publication Trends, Publication Productivity And Collaboration Rate, Authorship And Collaboration Trend, Most Productive Author, International Collaboration Pattern Of Articles, Institution- Wise Distribution, And Degree Of Collaboration And Rate Of Single Authorship, In The Field Of Agricultural Economics. Out Of 1026articles, 750 (73%) Were Multi-authored Publications, While 276 (27%) Weresingle-authored, Demonstrating A Strong Inclination Towards Collaborative Research. The Highest Publication Output Was Observed In 2011 With 136 Articles, Whereas Thelowest Was Recorded In 2017 With 82 Articles. The Overall Degree Of Collaboration(DC) Was Found To Be 0.73, Indicating A Predominance Of Multiple Authorship. Conversely, The Rate Of Single Authorship Showed A Decreasing Trend Across The Decade, Signifying A Growing Culture Of Cooperative Scientific Engagement. Read more Read less

Safe Turn: Intelligent U-Turn Collision Avoidance System Using Arduino

Road Safety At U-turn Intersections Remains A Critical Challenge In Modern Traffic Management Systems, Primarily Due To Poor Visibility, Human Error, And Inadequate Decision Support During Vehicular Maneuvers. Conventional U-turn Designs Often Lack I... Road Safety At U-turn Intersections Remains A Critical Challenge In Modern Traffic Management Systems, Primarily Due To Poor Visibility, Human Error, And Inadequate Decision Support During Vehicular Maneuvers. Conventional U-turn Designs Often Lack Intelligent Monitoring Or Warning Systems, Resulting In A High Frequency Of Collisions, Particularly In Congested Urban Environments. To Address These Shortcomings, This Paper Presents “Safe Turn” — An Intelligent U-turn Collision Avoidance System Based On Arduino Microcontroller Technology. The Proposed System Integrates Multiple Sensors And Embedded Control Logic To Detect Oncoming Traffic, Evaluate Real-time Safety Conditions, And Alert Drivers Before Executing A U-turn Maneuver. The System Employs A Network Of Ultrasonic Sensors, Infrared (IR) Proximity Detectors, And Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) Modules Strategically Positioned Along The U-turn Curve To Monitor Both Approaching And Crossing Vehicles. These Sensors Continuously Transmit Data To An Arduino Uno Controller, Which Processes Environmental Inputs Through A Decision-making Algorithm Optimized For Low-latency Response. Upon Detecting Potential Collision Risks, The System Triggers Visual Indicators (LED Arrays) And Auditory Alerts (buzzers) To Warn Drivers. The Embedded Software Algorithm Dynamically Adjusts Sensitivity Thresholds Based On Real-time Traffic Flow And Vehicle Speed, Thereby Reducing False Positives And Improving Accuracy Under Diverse Environmental Conditions. Extensive Simulation And Prototype Testing Were Conducted Under Varied Traffic Scenarios Using MATLAB–Simulink And Arduino IDE Environments. Results Demonstrate That The Proposed System Effectively Predicts Collision Trajectories And Issues Early Warnings Within 0.6 Seconds Of Risk Detection, Achieving A Collision Prediction Accuracy Of 95.4%. The Low Power Consumption And Modular Design Also Ensure Compatibility With Existing Roadside Infrastructure And Smart City Frameworks. Furthermore, The System’s Scalability Allows Integration With IoT-based Traffic Management Systems And Vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) Communication Platforms, Enabling Future Autonomous And Semi-autonomous Traffic Coordination. Read more Read less

TRAFFIC LIGHT PRIORITY CONTROL FOR EMERGENCY VEHICLE

Traffic Congestion At City Intersections Remains A Major Obstacle For Emergency Vehicles Such As Ambulances, Fire Engines, And Police Cars, Where Even A Few Seconds Of Delay Can Make A Critical Difference Between Life And Death. To Overcome This, A T... Traffic Congestion At City Intersections Remains A Major Obstacle For Emergency Vehicles Such As Ambulances, Fire Engines, And Police Cars, Where Even A Few Seconds Of Delay Can Make A Critical Difference Between Life And Death. To Overcome This, A Traffic Light Priority Control System For Emergency Vehicles (EVs) Is Proposed As An Intelligent Traffic Management Solution That Ensures Swift And Uninterrupted Passage Through Intersections. The Main Goal Of This System Is To Minimize Emergency Response Time, Enhance Road Safety, And Maintain Smooth Traffic Operations With Minimal Disruption To Regular Commuters. The System Combines Advanced Communication And Sensing Technologies Including GPS, RFID, And Wireless Data Transmission With Adaptive Signal Control Mechanisms. As An Emergency Vehicle Nears An Intersection, It Sends A Priority Request Signal Containing Details Such As Its Real-time Location, Travel Direction, And Estimated Arrival Time To The Nearest Traffic Controller. The Controller Analyzes This Data And Immediately Adjusts The Signal Cycle, Providing A Green Light For The Emergency Vehicle While Holding Cross-traffic Signals On Red. Once The Vehicle Passes Safely, The Controller Automatically Restores The Standard Traffic Sequence. Several Detection And Communication Techniques Can Be Applied To Realize This System. RFID-based Detection Involves Placing Tags On Emergency Vehicles And Readers At Intersections, Enabling Identification As Soon As The Vehicle Enters Range. Alternatively, GPS Enabled And IoT-based Systems Allow Continuous Monitoring And Coordination With Multiple Intersections Ahead, Ensuring A Smoother Priority Path. Furthermore, Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) Communication, A Core Element Of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), Facilitates Direct And Efficient Data Exchange Between Moving Vehicles And Smart Traffic Controllers. Despite Its Potential, The System’s Implementation Faces Challenges, Including Infrastructure Cost, Network Reliability, And Inter-agency Coordination. Nevertheless, With The Growing Integration Of Smart City Frameworks And IoT-based Traffic Management, These Barriers Are Gradually Being Overcome. Future Developments May Involve Integration With Autonomous Vehicle Systems, Cloud-based Analytics, And 5G Networks, Enabling Ultra-fast, Reliable Communication And Decision-making For Emergency Priority Control. In Summary, Traffic Light Priority Control For Emergency Vehicles Represents A Vital Innovation In Intelligent Transport Systems. By Enabling Real-time, Automated Signal Prioritization, It Significantly Enhances The Speed And Safety Of Emergency Operations While Maintaining Balanced Traffic Performance. The Adoption Of Such Systems Marks A Key Step Toward Smarter, Safer, And More Responsive Urban Mobility Infrastructures. Read more Read less

The Wireless Enabled Intelligent Battery Health And Performance Monitoring System

This Paper Presents The Use Of Wireless Technology To Monitor Various Parameters Of An Electric Vehicle’s Battery. Since Electric Vehicles Rely Entirely On Battery Power, Ensuring The Battery's Health And Performance Is Crucial. The Proposed System A... This Paper Presents The Use Of Wireless Technology To Monitor Various Parameters Of An Electric Vehicle’s Battery. Since Electric Vehicles Rely Entirely On Battery Power, Ensuring The Battery's Health And Performance Is Crucial. The Proposed System Aims To Simplify The Process Of Monitoring Battery Performance Through Wireless-based Solutions, Allowing For Real- Time And Remote Tracking. The Primary Goal Is To Support Green Energy Initiatives And Enhance The Intelligence Of Electric Vehicles By Keeping Track Of Battery Metrics Such As Voltage, Temperature, Current, And Available Charge. These Parameters Are Uploaded To The Cloud, Incorporating The Principles Of The Internet Of Things (Wireless). The Wireless-based Battery Monitoring System Is Composed Of Two Main Components: (i) A Monitoring Device And (ii) A User Interface. Experimental Results Demonstrate That The System Effectively Tracks And Reports Battery Performance. The Increasing Adoption Of Electric Vehicles (EVs) Necessitates Efficient And Reliable Battery Management Systems To Ensure Optimal Performance, Safety, And Longevity. This Project Focuses On The Design And Development Of An Wireless-based Efficient Battery Monitoring System (BMS) For EVs. The BMS Is Comprised Of A Network Of Battery Sensors, Microcontrollers, Wireless Communication Modules, And Cloud-based Analytics. These Components Work Together To Provide Accurate And Real-time Insights Into The Battery’s Health And Performance, Ultimately Enhancing EV Reliability And User Experience. This Innovative Approach Not Only Improves Battery Management But Also Contributes To The Overall Sustainability Of Electric Transportation By Extending Battery Life And Reducing Downtime. In Recent Years, The Demand For Reliable, Efficient, And Intelligent Energy Storage Systems Has Grown Rapidly With The Widespread Use Of Electric Vehicles, Renewable Energy Systems, And Portable Electronics. This Project Wireless Enabled Intelligent Battery Health And Performance Monitoring Presents A Smart System Designed To Monitor Critical Battery Parameters Such As Voltage, Current, Temperature, And State Of Charge In Real Time. The System Employs Embedded Sensors And A Microcontroller-based Data Acquisition Unit That Continuously Gathers Battery Performance Data. Using Wireless Communication Technologies Such As Wi-Fi Or Bluetooth, The Collected Information Is Transmitted To A Central Monitoring Platform Or A Mobile Application, Allowing Users To Remotely Access And Analyze Battery Status. Read more Read less

Enhancing Reactive Power Compensation Through Shunt Reactive Elements For Improved Voltage Stability

This Paper Presents The In Modern Electrical Power Systems, The Efficient Management Of Reactive Power Has Become Increasingly Critical For Ensuring System Reliability, Voltage Stability, And Energy Efficiency. Reactive Power, Though Essential For Ma... This Paper Presents The In Modern Electrical Power Systems, The Efficient Management Of Reactive Power Has Become Increasingly Critical For Ensuring System Reliability, Voltage Stability, And Energy Efficiency. Reactive Power, Though Essential For Maintaining Electromagnetic Fields And Voltage Levels, Does Not Contribute Directly To Active Energy Transfer. However, Its Excessive Presence Leads To Higher Current Flow, Increased Line Losses, Poor Voltage Profiles, And Reduced Power Factor. To Address These Challenges, This Study Focuses On The Optimization Of Reactive Power Flow Through The Implementation Of Static Shunt Compensation Units Strategically Integrated Within The Power Distribution Network. The Proposed Research Investigates The Role Of Static Shunt Compensators In Minimizing Reactive Current Circulation And Enhancing The Overall Power Quality. Static Shunt Compensators, Employing Fixed Or Switchable Reactive Components, Operate In Parallel With The Load To Locally Supply The Required Reactive Power, Thus Reducing The Burden On The Supply System. The Design And Optimization Process Involves Determining The Appropriate Ratings, Locations, And Operational Strategies Of Compensation Units To Achieve Minimal Losses And Optimal Voltage Regulation. The Reactive Power Demand From The Source Is Minimized, Leading To More Efficient Utilization Of Generation Capacity And Improved System Reliability. Additionally, Power Quality Parameters Such As Voltage Deviation, Total Harmonic Distortion, And Line Loading Show Notable Improvements, Confirming The Practical Benefits Of The Proposed Approach. From An Economic Perspective, The Optimized Compensation System Results In Lower Energy Losses, Reduced Demand Charges, And Extended Equipment Lifespan Due To Lower Operating Stress On Generators And Transformers. Read more Read less

DEVELOPING AN ISLANDING ARRANGEMENT FOR GRID ON SENSING BAD VOLTAGE/ BAD FREQUENCY

This Paper Presents The In Modern Power Systems, The Growing Penetration Of Distributed Generation (DG) Units Such As Photovoltaic Arrays, Wind Turbines, And Microturbines Poses Significant Challenges To Grid Reliability And Stability During Grid Dis... This Paper Presents The In Modern Power Systems, The Growing Penetration Of Distributed Generation (DG) Units Such As Photovoltaic Arrays, Wind Turbines, And Microturbines Poses Significant Challenges To Grid Reliability And Stability During Grid Disturbances. One Of The Most Critical Aspects Of Grid Integration Is The Detection And Implementation Of Islanding Operation, Which Allows Distributed Generation Systems To Continue Supplying Local Loads In The Event Of Grid Disconnection Due To Abnormal Voltage Or Frequency Conditions. This Research Presents A Comprehensive Design Methodology For Developing An Islanding Arrangement For Grid Connected Systems Based On Real-time Detection Of Bad Voltage And Frequency Conditions. The Proposed System Employs Hybrid Islanding Detection Techniques, Combining Both Passive And Active Methods To Achieve High Sensitivity And Selectivity. Passive Techniques Monitor System Parameters Such As Voltage Magnitude, Frequency Deviation, Rate Of Change Of Frequency (ROCOF), Phase Angle Displacement, And Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). When Anomalies Are Detected Beyond Predefined Thresholds, An Intelligent Controller Triggers An Active Perturbation Through Voltage Phase Angle Injection Or Reactive Power Variation To Confirm Islanding. The System Further Integrates A Smart Microcontroller-based Relay Coordination Unit Capable Of Making Instantaneous Switching Decisions To Isolate The Distributed Network From The Main Grid. The Islanding Control Scheme Incorporates Synchronized Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) And Phasor Data Concentrators (PDCs) Using Phasor Measurement Technology (PMT) To Provide High-resolution Situational Awareness And Enhance Detection Accuracy. The Control Logic Is Governed By A Digital Signal Processor (DSP) Or Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) That Performs Adaptive Thresholding Based On Real-time Grid Dynamics. Upon Sensing Bad Voltage (undervoltage, Overvoltage, Or Voltage Unbalance) Or Bad Frequency (underfrequency Or Overfrequency), The Control System Initiates A Seamless Transition From Grid-connected Mode To Islanded Mode, Ensuring Uninterrupted Power Supply To Critical Loads. 1 To Maintain System Stability During Islanded Operation, The Proposed Design Employs A Voltage And Frequency Droop Control Strategy For Load-sharing Among DG Units. An Advanced Phase Locked Loop (PLL) Structure Ensures Precise Synchronization And Minimizes Transient Oscillations During Mode Transfer. Additionally, A Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) Interface And Internet Of Things (IoT)-based Communication Layer Enable Remote Monitoring, Data Logging, And Predictive Fault Analysis. Simulation And Hardware-in-loop (HIL) Validation Are Performed Using MATLAB/Simulink And OPAL-RT To Evaluate The Transient Response, Total Harmonic Distortion, And Dynamic Stability Of The Proposed System Under Various Grid Fault Scenarios. This Work Significantly Enhances The Resilience Of Microgrids By Enabling Autonomous, Intelligent Islanding Control. It Mitigates The Risk Of Cascading Grid Failures, Prevents Unintentional Islanding, And Ensures Continuity Of Supply For Mission-critical Infrastructures. The Proposed Arrangement Offers A Cost-effective, Modular, And Scalable Approach Suitable For Integration In Smart Grids, Renewable-based Power Networks, And Hybrid Energy Systems. Read more Read less

Smart Glove For Real-Time Sign Language Translation Using Arduino

The Smart Glove For Sign Detection Represents An Advanced Assistive Technology Aimed At Enabling Seamless Communication Between Individuals With Hearing Or Speech Impairments And The General Population. While Sign Language Serves As An Effective Medi... The Smart Glove For Sign Detection Represents An Advanced Assistive Technology Aimed At Enabling Seamless Communication Between Individuals With Hearing Or Speech Impairments And The General Population. While Sign Language Serves As An Effective Medium Within The Deaf Community, It Often Becomes A Communication Barrier When Engaging With People Unfamiliar With Its Gestures. To Address This Limitation, The Proposed System Introduces A Sensor-based Wearable Glove Capable Of Translating Sign Language Gestures Into Readable Text Or Audible Speech In Real Time. The Glove Is Equipped With Flex Sensors, Accelerometers, And Gyroscopes Strategically Placed Along The Fingers And Palm To Accurately Capture The Motion And Positioning Of The Hand. These Sensors Generate Analog Signals Corresponding To Specific Gestures, Which Are Then Processed By A Microcontroller Such As Arduino Or Raspberry Pi. The Acquired Data Is Compared Against A Pre-trained Dataset Or Machine Learning Model To Determine The Intended Sign. Once The Gesture Is Identified, The System Converts It Into Text Displayed On An LCD Screen Or Speech Output Using A Voice Synthesis Module, Facilitating Effective Two-way Communication Between Users. By Integrating IoT Technologies, Embedded Systems, And Gesture Recognition Algorithms, The Smart Glove Ensures High Accuracy, Low Latency, And Real-time Performance. Its Lightweight And Cost-effective Design Enhances Portability And User Comfort, Making It Suitable For Everyday Use. Ultimately, This Project Demonstrates The Potential Of Wearable Computing And Artificial Intelligence To Promote Inclusivity,accessibility, And Innovation In The Field Of Assistive Communication And Human–computer Interaction. Read more Read less

Comparative Structural Analysis Of Industrial Buildings Designed With PEB And Tube Sections

This Study Presents A Comprehensive Review Of The Structural Performance, Design Considerations, And Analytical Approaches Associated With Pre-Engineered Buildings (PEB) Used In Industrial Warehouses, With Specific Attention To Accidental Loads. Indu... This Study Presents A Comprehensive Review Of The Structural Performance, Design Considerations, And Analytical Approaches Associated With Pre-Engineered Buildings (PEB) Used In Industrial Warehouses, With Specific Attention To Accidental Loads. Industrial Structures Demand Rapid Construction, Cost Efficiency, And Reliable Performance Under Varying Loads, Making PEB Systems A Preferred Alternative To Conventional Steel Buildings (CSB). The Paper Analyzes Literature Focused On The Use Of Tapered Members, Prefabricated Components, And Tube Sections That Enhance Structural Efficiency, Reduce Steel Consumption, And Improve Stability. Advanced Software Tools Such As STAAD.Pro Enable Accurate Modeling, Load Evaluation, And Optimization Of Industrial Frames, Ensuring Safe Performance Under Dead, Live, Wind, Seismic, And Accidental Loads. The Review Highlights That PEB Structures Offer 30–50% Lighter Framing, Reduced Foundation Loads, Shorter Construction Timelines, And Better Architectural Flexibility Compared With CSB Systems. Additionally, Sustainability Advantages Such As Recyclability, Reduced Waste Generation, And Minimized Carbon Footprint Strengthen The Relevance Of PEB Technology In Modern Construction. Despite Notable Progress, Research Gaps Exist In Long-term Durability, Lifecycle Sustainability Assessment, And Integration Of Smart Monitoring Technologies. Overall, This Review Synthesizes The Advantages, Limitations, And Future Prospects Of PEB Systems For Industrial Warehouse Applications. Read more Read less

ANALYSING THE MODERN PRACTICES OF EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON ORGANISATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS AT LUCAS TVS LTD.

The Study Looks At How Effective The Performance Appraisal System Is At Lucas TVS Ltd. It Focuses On How This System Affects Employee Motivation, Satisfaction, Development, And Retention. The Researchers Used A Descriptive Research Design And Collect... The Study Looks At How Effective The Performance Appraisal System Is At Lucas TVS Ltd. It Focuses On How This System Affects Employee Motivation, Satisfaction, Development, And Retention. The Researchers Used A Descriptive Research Design And Collected Data From 148 Employees Through A Structured Five-point Likert Questionnaire. They Analyzed The Data With Statistical Tools Including Percentage Analysis, Chi-Square, ANOVA, T-Test, Correlation, And Regression In SPSS. The Results Show That While The Company Has A Structured And Clear Appraisal Process Connected To Promotions, Pay Raises, And Training, Employees Notice Issues With How Often Appraisals Happen, The Level Of Manager Involvement, And Equal Chances For Self-appraisal. The Regression Results Suggest That Training After Appraisals Significantly Boosts Performance. Additionally, The T-tests Reveal Differences In How Men And Women Perceive Self-appraisal. Overall, The System Is Effective But Needs To Be More Consistent. It Also Requires Better Communication, Fairness, And Ongoing Connections To Development To Fully Enhance Employee Performance And Support Organizational Growth. Read more Read less

NETWORK INTERACTION STRATEGIES OF SCHOOL LEADERS AND TEACHERS’ COMMITMENT TO INSTITUTIONAL INNOVATION

In Recent Years, Institutional Innovation In Education Has Gained Prominence, Especially In Rapidly Developing Educational Systems. School Leaders Play A Critical Role In Facilitating This Transformation, Primarily Through Effective Network Interacti... In Recent Years, Institutional Innovation In Education Has Gained Prominence, Especially In Rapidly Developing Educational Systems. School Leaders Play A Critical Role In Facilitating This Transformation, Primarily Through Effective Network Interaction Strategies That Enable Deeper Collaboration And Engagement Among Teachers. These Strategies Include Structured Professional Communities, Cross-school Partnerships, Digital Collaboration Platforms, And Shared Leadership Models. Teachers' Commitment To Institutional Innovation Often Hinges On Their Engagement In Such Networks, As It Fosters Mutual Trust, Autonomy, And Collective Efficacy. As Observed In Emerging Research, Innovation Does Not Thrive In Isolation But Within Interconnected Environments Designed To Stimulate Continuous Professional Dialogue And Experimentation The Integration Of Peer-coaching Networks Among Schools Has Proven Beneficial In Strengthening Innovation-related Teaching Practices. According To Dang And Toan (2024), School Leaders Who Promoted Open, Cross-departmental Collaborations Were More Likely To See Teachers Engaging In Curriculum Redesign, Active Learning Strategies, And Education Technology Adaptation. The Willingness Of Teachers To Implement New Methods Was Significantly Related To The Perceived Support They Received Through These Structured Interactions. Network Interaction Not Only Enhances Teacher Competencies But Also Nurtures Emotional Investment In The Institution’s Goals. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON THE PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF BABA THINGS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED

Profitability Analysis Is A Key Financial Tool Used To Assess The Operational Efficiency And Financial Stability Of A Business Enterprise. This Study Evaluates The Profitability Performance Of Baba Things India Private Limited, A Textile And Soft-goo... Profitability Analysis Is A Key Financial Tool Used To Assess The Operational Efficiency And Financial Stability Of A Business Enterprise. This Study Evaluates The Profitability Performance Of Baba Things India Private Limited, A Textile And Soft-goods Manufacturing Company Based In Puducherry. Using Secondary Data Extracted From Audited Financial Statements For The Period 2021–2025, The Analysis Examines Major Profitability Indicators, Including Gross Profit Ratio, Net Profit Ratio, Return On Assets, Return On Capital Employed, And Asset Turnover Ratio. Statistical Tools Such As Mean, Standard Deviation, And Coefficient Of Variation Were Applied To Measure Stability And Variability. The Results Indicate Consistent Gross Profit Margins But Fluctuating Net Profitability, Mainly Due To Variations In Operating Costs And Asset Utilization. ROA And ROCE Displayed Significant Fluctuations, Reflecting Inconsistent Capital Efficiency. Overall, The Findings Highlight The Need For Improved Cost Management, Better Capital Allocation, And Enhanced Operational Strategies For Sustainable Profitability. Read more Read less

An Overview: Beneficial Role Of Pithecellobium Dulce In Human Health

Chronic Diseases Resulting From Poor Lifestyle Habits Are The Leading Cause Of Illness And Mortality Worldwide. Many Of These Conditions Can Be Managed Or Prevented Through The Principles Of Ayurveda, Which Emphasizes Holistic Lifestyle Changes And T... Chronic Diseases Resulting From Poor Lifestyle Habits Are The Leading Cause Of Illness And Mortality Worldwide. Many Of These Conditions Can Be Managed Or Prevented Through The Principles Of Ayurveda, Which Emphasizes Holistic Lifestyle Changes And The Regular Use Of Adaptogenic Herbs. Pithecellobium Dulce, An Indigenous Fruit, Has Long Been Valued In Traditional Medicine For Its Remarkable Therapeutic Properties. Historically, Various Parts Of The Tree—from Root To Fruit—have Been Employed To Treat A Wide Range Of Ailments. In Ayurvedic And Other Traditional Medicinal Systems, P. Dulce Has Been Extensively Utilized Due To Its Rich Profile Of Bioactive Compounds, Including Triterpenoids, Flavonoids, Sterols, And Tannins. Research Has Demonstrated That The Fruits Of Pithecellobium Dulce Contain High Levels Of Phenols, Flavonoids, And Saponins, Which Contribute To Reducing Oxidative Stress, Managing Diabetes, And Alleviating Digestive Disorders. The Fruit Also Exhibits A Wide Range Of Pharmacological Properties, Including Antiviral, Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, Antipyretic, Antihelminthic, Anti-inflammatory, And Sedative Effects. In Addition To The Fruit, The Leaves And Seeds Of P. Dulce Have Shown Significant Adulticidal, Antifungal, And Antibacterial Activities. Nutritionally, The Fruit Is A Valuable Source Of Carbohydrates, Plant Steroids, And Proteins. Given Its Broad Therapeutic Potential And The Growing Body Of Scientific Evidence Supporting Its Efficacy, P. Dulce—a Long-utilized Component In Traditional Medicine—may Be Effectively Integrated Into Modern, Evidence-based Healthcare Approaches. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON HUMAN RESOURCE ACCOUNTING PRACTICES AND ITS FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF ROADMAP IT SOLUTIONS

This Study “A Study On Human Resource Accounting Practices And Its Financial Implications Of Roadmap IT Solutions” Focused On The Importance Of Valuing Human Resources As Key Organizational Assets By Measuring, Evaluating, And Interpreting Their Fina... This Study “A Study On Human Resource Accounting Practices And Its Financial Implications Of Roadmap IT Solutions” Focused On The Importance Of Valuing Human Resources As Key Organizational Assets By Measuring, Evaluating, And Interpreting Their Financial Worth And Contribution To Overall Performance. Using Secondary Data From 2019–2024 And Analytical Tools Such As Trend Analysis, Standard Deviation, Coefficient Of Variation, And Ratio Analysis, The Study Assesses The Company’s HR And Financial Performance. The Results Show A Steady Increase In Human Resource Value, Employee Strength, And Profitability, Indicating Effective HR Utilization, Although A Slight Decline In The Return On HRV Ratio Highlights The Need For Better Alignment Between HR Investments And Income Generation. Overall, The Study Concluded That Human Resource Accounting Is A Vital Approach For Enhancing Transparency, Improving HR Decision-making, And Supporting Sustainable Growth In The Competitive IT Sector. Read more Read less

A Hybrid GNN-LSTM Model For Feedback-Free Adaptive Modulation And Coding In Massive MIMO

Adaptive Modulation And Coding (AMC) Is A Key Enabler For Achieving High Spectral Efficiency And Reliability In Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) Systems. Conventional AMC Techniques, However, Rely Heavily On Explicit Channel State Inform... Adaptive Modulation And Coding (AMC) Is A Key Enabler For Achieving High Spectral Efficiency And Reliability In Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) Systems. Conventional AMC Techniques, However, Rely Heavily On Explicit Channel State Information (CSI) Feedback, Which Introduces Latency, Signaling Overhead, And Performance Degradation Under Fast-varying Channels. To Overcome These Limitations, This Work Proposes A Hybrid Graph Neural Network–Long Short-Term Memory (GNN-LSTM) Model For Feedback-free AMC In Massive MIMO. The Proposed Framework Exploits The Graph-based Representation Of User–antenna Connectivity To Capture Spatial Correlations, While The LSTM Layers Effectively Learn Temporal Dependencies In Channel Variations. Simulation Results Demonstrate That The GNN-LSTM Outperforms CNN, LSTM, And CNN-LSTM Architectures In Terms Of Testing Accuracy, Achieving More Than 95% Prediction Accuracy For Modulation And Coding Scheme (MCS) Classification. The Training And Testing Curves Confirm Strong Generalization Capability With Stable Convergence Across 300 Epochs, While Histogram Analysis Validates The Correct Distribution Of Predicted MCS Classes. Compared To Conventional Learning Models, The Hybrid GNN-LSTM Significantly Reduces Feedback Dependency, Enabling Robust And Intelligent AMC Decision-making For Next-generation Wireless Networks. This Work Highlights The Potential Of Combining Spatial–temporal Deep Learning Techniques To Enhance The Efficiency Of Massive MIMO Systems In 5G And Beyond.. Read more Read less

Trademark Checking System: A Web-Based Automated Approach For Trademark Search And Verification

Trademark Infringement Has Become A Significant Obstacle For Emerging And Established Businesses. The Increasing Number Of Brand Registrations, The Rise Of Online Marketplaces, And Global Competition Demand A Reliable System For Trademark Verificatio... Trademark Infringement Has Become A Significant Obstacle For Emerging And Established Businesses. The Increasing Number Of Brand Registrations, The Rise Of Online Marketplaces, And Global Competition Demand A Reliable System For Trademark Verification. Manual Searching On Government Portals Requires Time, Expertise, And Consistent Attention, Which Makes The Process Inefficient. This Research Introduces A Comprehensive And Automated Trademark Checking System Integrating Optical Character Recognition (OCR), Natural Language Processing (NLP), API-driven Verification, And Database-backed Search To Streamline Trademark Validation. The System Demonstrates High Accuracy And Fast Processing, Proving Its Relevance For Startups, Entrepreneurs, And Legal Professionals. Read more Read less

A Study On Loan Repayment Dynamics Of Self-help Groups (SHGs) Of Puduvai Bharathiyar Grama Bank

Self-Help Groups (SHGs) Play A Significant Role In Promoting Financial Inclusion And Women Empowerment, With Puduvai Bharathiar Grama Bank (PBGB) Serving As A Key Institution Supporting SHG Credit In Puducherry. The Sustainability Of This System Depe... Self-Help Groups (SHGs) Play A Significant Role In Promoting Financial Inclusion And Women Empowerment, With Puduvai Bharathiar Grama Bank (PBGB) Serving As A Key Institution Supporting SHG Credit In Puducherry. The Sustainability Of This System Depends Largely On Repayment Discipline And The Occurrence Of Non-Performing Assets (NPAs). This Study Examines The Loan Repayment Dynamics Of SHGs Financed By PBGB Over The Five-year Period From 2020–21 To 2024–25. Using Secondary Data And Analytical Tools Such As Percentage Analysis, Trend Analysis, Mean, And Standard Deviation, The Study Evaluates Patterns In Loan Disbursement, Repayment Performance, And NPA Levels. The Results Show Fluctuations In Disbursement And Varying Repayment Consistency, Along With Emerging NPA Concerns. The Study Suggests Strengthening Monitoring Mechanisms, Improving Financial Literacy, And Ensuring Productive Credit Utilization To Enhance Repayment Behavior And Reduce NPAs.. Read more Read less

A Review Paper on Virtual Mouse

This Paper Presents A Comprehensive Design And Implementation Of A Virtual Mouse System Developed In Python That Enables Natural, Markerless Control Of A Computer Cursor Using Real-time Hand Gestures Captured From A Standard RGB Webcam. The Work Comb... This Paper Presents A Comprehensive Design And Implementation Of A Virtual Mouse System Developed In Python That Enables Natural, Markerless Control Of A Computer Cursor Using Real-time Hand Gestures Captured From A Standard RGB Webcam. The Work Combines Computer Vision, Machine Learning-based Hand Landmark Detection, And Signal Processing To Translate Dynamic Hand Poses And Movements Into Robust Mouse Actions (move, Single-click, Double-click, Right-click, Drag, And Scroll) With Minimal Latency And Good Tolerance To Lighting And Background Variation. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON PROFITABILITY IN AMCOR FLEXIBLE INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED

This Study Examines How Working Capital Management Affects The Profitability Of Amcor Flexibles India Private Limited During 2020–2024. The Analysis Uses Secondary Data From The Company’s Financial Statements And Applies Tools Such As Ratio Analysis,... This Study Examines How Working Capital Management Affects The Profitability Of Amcor Flexibles India Private Limited During 2020–2024. The Analysis Uses Secondary Data From The Company’s Financial Statements And Applies Tools Such As Ratio Analysis, Schedules Of Changes In Working Capital, And Regression Analysis. Results Show That The Company Maintained A Positive Working Capital Position, Though Liquidity Remained Below Ideal Levels. Profitability Ratios Displayed Moderate Fluctuations, Indicating Varying Efficiency. Regression Analysis Revealed A Strong But Statistically Insignificant Relationship Between Working Capital Efficiency And Profitability. Overall, The Study Highlights The Importance Of Effective Working Capital Management In Improving Financial Performance. Read more Read less

VisionAssist: A Neural Network-Based Companion For The Visually Impaired

This Study Introduces VisionAssist, A Neural Network-based Companion That Helps People Who Cannot See Well. It Uses Smart Technology To Understand The Environment And Provide Real-time Information. VisionAssist Uses Special Computer Learning And Comb... This Study Introduces VisionAssist, A Neural Network-based Companion That Helps People Who Cannot See Well. It Uses Smart Technology To Understand The Environment And Provide Real-time Information. VisionAssist Uses Special Computer Learning And Combines Information From Cameras And Phones To Provide A Complete Picture Of The Environment. It Can Correctly Identify And Describe Things, People, And Places, Making It Easier For Users To Move Around Safely And Independently. Better Ways Of Finding Objects, Combining Different Sensor Data, And Making Computer Speech Sound More Natural All Help Make The System Easier To Use And Give Users More Independence. The Next Steps Are To Build A Test Version And Test It With Many People To Improve It For Everyday Use. Read more Read less

A Review On Peptic Ulcer Disease

Peptic Ulcer Disease Is An Important Gastrointestinal Illness Characterized By The Development Of Mucosal Breaks Into The Stomach Or Duodenum. Its History Runs From Early Clinical Observations To Major Developments In The Twentieth Century, Especiall... Peptic Ulcer Disease Is An Important Gastrointestinal Illness Characterized By The Development Of Mucosal Breaks Into The Stomach Or Duodenum. Its History Runs From Early Clinical Observations To Major Developments In The Twentieth Century, Especially The Recognition Of Helicobacter Pylori As A Primary Cause. The Discovery Shifted The Focus From Acid Alone To A More Complex Interaction Between Infection, Mucosal Defense, And Environmental Triggers. Pathophysiologically, The Development Of Ulcers Is Linked To An Imbalance Of Aggressive Factors Such As Acid, Pepsin, H. Pylori, And NSAIDs And Protective Mechanisms Of The Mucosal Barrier, Blood Flow, And Secretion Of Bicarbonate. Despite This, It Remains A Common Disease, The Prevalence Of Which Varies In Different Geographic Locations Due To Socioeconomic Status, Sanitation, Medication, And Lifestyle. Clinically, Patients May Have Burning Epigastric Pain, Early Satiety, Nausea, Vomiting, Bloating, Or Discomfort Related To Meals. Many Patients Remain Asymptomatic Until Complications Arise. Major Risk Factors Include H. Pylori Infection, Chronic NSAID Or Aspirin Intake, Smoking, Alcohol Use, Stress-related Mucosal Injury, And Family History Of Ulcer Disease. If Left Unattended, Peptic Ulcers Can Result In Gastrointestinal Bleeding, Perforation, Peritonitis, Gastric Outlet Obstruction, And A Risk Of Recurrent Ulceration. Diagnosis Is Based On Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Which Can Visualize The Disease Directly And Provides An Opportunity For Biopsy To Investigate The Presence Of H. Pylori. Non-invasive Tests Such As Urea Breath Tests, Stool Antigen Assays, And Serology Assist In Diagnosis And Follow-up. Prevention Includes The Rational Use Of NSAIDs, Eradication Of H. Pylori Infection, Avoiding Tobacco And Excessive Alcohol Intake, And Improving Diet And Stress Management. The Management Focuses On The Use Of Proton Pump Inhibitors, Antibiotics To Eradicate H. Pylori, Cessation Of Drugs That Cause Irritation, And Supportive Lifestyle Modifications. The Long-term Prognosis Is Good With Early Detection And Appropriate Management, And Complications May Be Significantly Reduced. Read more Read less

A Review On Formulation Of Gel Using Triax Procumbens

Triax Procumbens, Known By Ayurveda Jayanti Veda, Also Known As Jivanti Or Leptadenia Reticulata, Is A Plant Highly Valued In Ayurveda. Tridax Procumbens (Jayanti Veda) Belongs To The Asteraceae Family And Is An Ayur Vedicherb Of Asia With A History... Triax Procumbens, Known By Ayurveda Jayanti Veda, Also Known As Jivanti Or Leptadenia Reticulata, Is A Plant Highly Valued In Ayurveda. Tridax Procumbens (Jayanti Veda) Belongs To The Asteraceae Family And Is An Ayur Vedicherb Of Asia With A History Of Traditional Use. Tridax Procumbens Have Been Used Since Ancient Times To Treat Wounds And Skin Diseases, And Leaf Extract Promotes Blood Coagulation. It Possesses Antileishmanial, Antioxidants, Anticancer, Immunomodulatory Agent, Insecticidal, Anthelmintic Cardiovascular, Antiseptic, Antimicrobial, And In Secticidal Properties. Purpose Of Article: This Review Article Aims To Collate Past And Present Updated Information On Traditional Uses, Morphology, Chemical Constituents And Pharmacological Activities, Miscellaneous Activities, And Relevant Patents Of Thisplant, Therebyproviding Useful Data For Researchers And Pharmaceuticals And Introduc Ing Wound Healing Properties Of The Herb. Keywords: Tridax Procumbens, Wound Healing, Blood Coagulation, Anticancer, Antiseptic. Read more Read less

QR Code Generator

The Quick Response (QR) Code Has Become A Critical Link Between The Physical And Digital Worlds, Facilitating Fast, Contactless, And Efficient Information Exchange In Various Sectors Like Marketing, Digital Payments, And Authentication Systems4. This... The Quick Response (QR) Code Has Become A Critical Link Between The Physical And Digital Worlds, Facilitating Fast, Contactless, And Efficient Information Exchange In Various Sectors Like Marketing, Digital Payments, And Authentication Systems4. This Project Addresses The Need For A Simple, Customizable, And Reliable QR Code Generation Tool5. The Core Objective Is To Develop An Efficient, Web-based QR Code Generator That Accepts Various Data Types (URLs, Text, Contact Details, Wi-Fi Credentials) And Allows Users To Customize The Output Before Downloading It In Standard Formats (PNG, SVG, PDF)66. This Paper Details The System Architecture, Mathematical Model, And Algorithms Used, Ensuring A Robust And User-friendly Solution777. Read more Read less

A Review Paper on School Fees Management

Manual School Fee Collection Frequently Leads To Mistakes, Delays, And Financial Mismanagement. Traditional Fee Registers Are Difficult To Keep, Prone To Duplication, And Lack Transparency. To Fill These Deficiencies, This Study Proposes A "School Fe... Manual School Fee Collection Frequently Leads To Mistakes, Delays, And Financial Mismanagement. Traditional Fee Registers Are Difficult To Keep, Prone To Duplication, And Lack Transparency. To Fill These Deficiencies, This Study Proposes A "School Fees Management System" That Digitalizes The Fee Collecting Cycle. The System Design Has Three Main Components: A Secure Database For Student Information And Fee Details, An Automated Module For Calculating Dues, Penalties, Receipts, And Payment History, And An Easy-to-use Interface For Students, Parents, And Administrators.. This Study Employs A Structured Development Technique That Prioritizes Correctness, Transparency, Real-time Fee Monitoring, And The Minimization Of Manual Human Mistakes. Read more Read less

E-Counsellor For Centralized Admission Process

The Centralized Admission Process (CAP) Carried Out By The Maharashtra State CET Cell Plays A Crucial Role In Allocating Seats To Students Seeking Admission To Engineering Programs. Every Year, Thousands Of Students Struggle To Interpret Cutoff Trend... The Centralized Admission Process (CAP) Carried Out By The Maharashtra State CET Cell Plays A Crucial Role In Allocating Seats To Students Seeking Admission To Engineering Programs. Every Year, Thousands Of Students Struggle To Interpret Cutoff Trends, Rank Variations, Category-wise Seat Distributions, And Institute Preferences. Existing Manual Procedures Often Lead To Suboptimal College Selection, Stress, And Poor Decision-making. To Address This Challenge, This Paper Proposes E-Counsellor, An Intelligent, Data-driven Recommendation System That Predicts Suitable Colleges Based On CET Percentile, Rank, Category, And Student Preferences. The System Integrates Historical Cutoffs, Machine Learning Prediction Models, And A User-centric Interface To Deliver Accurate Recommendations. Similar AI-based Educational Counselling Frameworks Have Been Explored In Previous Studies [1], [10], [15], Confirming The Effectiveness Of Using Recommender Systems For Academic Decision-making. The Review Analyses Related Literature, Identifies Gaps, And Presents A Comprehensive Architecture For E-Counsellor. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON WORKPLACE SAFETY AT SHA ENTERPRISES

The Study Focuses On Examining Compliance With Safety Rules And Regulations, Assessing The Use Of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), And Evaluating The Role Of Management In Promoting A Culture Of Safety. By Reviewing Workplace Policies, Employee A... The Study Focuses On Examining Compliance With Safety Rules And Regulations, Assessing The Use Of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), And Evaluating The Role Of Management In Promoting A Culture Of Safety. By Reviewing Workplace Policies, Employee Awareness Levels, And The Occurrence Of Common Safety Issues, This Research Highlights The Importance Of Proactive Safety Management And Accident Prevention Strategies. Primary Data Was Collected Through Employee Surveys And Interviews, While Secondary Data Was Derived From Industry Reports, Journals, And Organizational Records. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON DIVERSITY AND INCLUSION IN THE WORKPLACE

This Study Explores The Significance Of Diversity And Inclusion (D&I) Practices Within Supreme Industries Limited, A Leading Player In India’s Plastic Processing Industry. The Research Focuses On Assessing How A Diverse Workforce And Inclusive Polici... This Study Explores The Significance Of Diversity And Inclusion (D&I) Practices Within Supreme Industries Limited, A Leading Player In India’s Plastic Processing Industry. The Research Focuses On Assessing How A Diverse Workforce And Inclusive Policies Influence Employee Engagement, Organizational Culture, And Overall Business Performance. By Examining Demographic Variables Such As Age, Gender, Education, And Marital Status, The Study Identifies Patterns That Impact Employees’ Perceptions Of Fairness, Equality, And Belonging. The Findings Highlight That Effective Diversity And Inclusion Initiatives Not Only Enhance Teamwork And Innovation But Also Contribute To Improved Decision-making And Employee Satisfaction. Furthermore, The Study Emphasizes The Challenges Faced By The Organization In Implementing D&I Practices And Provides Insights Into Strategies For Fostering A More Inclusive Environment. Read more Read less

Development Of React-Based Dynamic News Website For Real-Time News Updates

In The Modern Digital Era, People Prefer To Stay Updated With Current Affairs Through Online Platforms Rather Than Traditional Newspapers. This Project Presents The Development Of A Dynamic News Website Using React.js That Provides Real-time News Upd... In The Modern Digital Era, People Prefer To Stay Updated With Current Affairs Through Online Platforms Rather Than Traditional Newspapers. This Project Presents The Development Of A Dynamic News Website Using React.js That Provides Real-time News Updates From Various Categories Such As Business, Entertainment, Health, Science, Sports, And Technology. The System Fetches Data Through A Third- Party API And Displays It In A User-friendly And Responsive Interface. The Website Allows Users To Explore Top Headlines, Read Brief Summaries, And Access Full Articles Through External Links. It Also Supports Light And Dark Themes, Enhancing The Reading Experience. The Main Aim Of This Project Is To Deliver An Efficient, Fast, And Interactive Platform For Users To Access The Latest News From Around The World In A Single Environment. Read more Read less

A Study On Financial Performance Analysis Of MPL Light Vehicles Private Limited

Financial Performance Analysis Plays A Vital Role In Assessing The Financial Health, Operational Efficiency, And Growth Potential Of An Organization. This Study Examines The Financial Performance Of MPL Light Vehicles Pvt. Ltd., A Leading Dealership... Financial Performance Analysis Plays A Vital Role In Assessing The Financial Health, Operational Efficiency, And Growth Potential Of An Organization. This Study Examines The Financial Performance Of MPL Light Vehicles Pvt. Ltd., A Leading Dealership Operating Under Ashok Leyland, By Evaluating Key Financial Indicators And Tools. The Analysis Focuses On Understanding The Company’s Liquidity, Profitability, Solvency, And Overall Financial Stability Over A Period Of Five Years. The Objective Is To Support Managerial Decision-making And Highlight Areas For Strategic Improvement. The Research Methodology Adopted Is Primarily Descriptive In Nature, Relying On Secondary Data Collected From Annual Reports, Financial Statements, And Company Records. Key Financial Tools Used Include Comparative Balance Sheet Analysis, Common-size Statements, And Ratio Analysis. Ratios Such As Current Ratio, Liquid Ratio, Debt-equity Ratio, Return On Equity, And Net Profit Margin Were Examined To Analyze Short-term Solvency, Financial Leverage, And Profitability Performance. The Findings Reflect The Company's Financial Trends And Support Data-driven Evaluation. The Results Reveal That MPL Light Vehicles Has Shown Steady Improvement In Liquidity And Profitability Over The Years, Along With A Significant Reduction In Debt Levels, Strengthening Its Long-termfinancial Position. However, Fluctuations In Working Capital And Trade Receivables Indicate The Need For Efficient Asset Management. The Study Concludes That While The Company Demonstrates Strong Financial Growth And Sustainability, Continuous Monitoring And Strategic Financial Planning Are Essential For Long-term Competitiveness And Growth In The Dynamic Automobile Dealership Industry. Read more Read less

PDF Semantic Retrieval Using LangChain And FAISS

In Today’s Information-driven Environment, PDF Documents Serve As A Primary Medium For Storing Academic, Corporate, Legal, And Technical Knowledge. However, Retrieving Specific And Meaningful Information From Large PDF Files Remains A Major Challenge... In Today’s Information-driven Environment, PDF Documents Serve As A Primary Medium For Storing Academic, Corporate, Legal, And Technical Knowledge. However, Retrieving Specific And Meaningful Information From Large PDF Files Remains A Major Challenge, Especially When Relying On Traditional Keyword-based Search Methods That Fail To Capture Deeper Semantic Meaning. This Project, “PDF Semantic Retrieval System Using LangChain And FAISS”, Addresses This Challenge By Developing An Intelligent, Context-aware Retrieval System Capable Of Understanding User Queries And Locating The Most Relevant Sections Within PDF Documents. The Proposed System Extracts Text From PDF Files, Segments It Into Context-preserving Chunks, And Generates High-dimensional Semantic Embeddings Using Transformer-based Models. These Embeddings Are Stored In FAISS, A High-performance Vector Search Library Optimized For Large-scale Similarity Search. Read more Read less

Smart Resume Analyzer

In Today's Competitive Job Market, Most Organizations Use Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS) To Filter Candidates Automatically. This Process, While Efficient For Employers, Often Results In Many Well- Qualified Applicants Being Rejected Simply Because... In Today's Competitive Job Market, Most Organizations Use Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS) To Filter Candidates Automatically. This Process, While Efficient For Employers, Often Results In Many Well- Qualified Applicants Being Rejected Simply Because Their Resumes Are Not Optimized For ATS Compatibility, Suffering From Poor Formatting Or Missing Keywords. This Paper Proposes The "Smart Resume Analyzer," An AI- Driven Web Application Designed To Bridge This Gap. The System Architecture Is Designed On Three Core Pillars: (1) A Frontend Interface For Users To Upload A Resume And Job Description (JD); (2) A Flask-based Backend To Process The Inputs; And (3) An NLP Engine, Using SpaCy, To Analyze The Resume, Extract Key Features, And Compute An "ATS Score." This Score, Generated Using A Semantic Similarity Algorithm, Indicates How Effectively A Resume Matches Job-specific Requirements Read more Read less

Showroom Management System

The Showroom Management System Is Designed To Simplify And Automate The Daily Operations Of Vehicle And Product Showrooms. It Allows Users To Add, Update, Delete, And View Product Information Such As Car/bike Names, Features, Categories, And Pricing.... The Showroom Management System Is Designed To Simplify And Automate The Daily Operations Of Vehicle And Product Showrooms. It Allows Users To Add, Update, Delete, And View Product Information Such As Car/bike Names, Features, Categories, And Pricing. The System Ensures Faster Data Handling, Reduces Human Error, And Improves Customer Experience By Providing Real-time Product Details. Developed Using PHP And MySQL, The Project Offers A Reliable, Scalable, And User-friendly Platform For Showroom Operators, Customers, And Administrators. Read more Read less

A Study On Partial Replacement Of Aggregates With Ceramic Tiles And Granite Powder In Concrete

Due To The Day-to-day Innovations And Development In Construction Field, The Use Of Natural Aggregates Is Increased Tremendously And At The Same Time, The Production Of Solid Wastes From The Demolitions Of Constructions Is Also Quite High. Because Of... Due To The Day-to-day Innovations And Development In Construction Field, The Use Of Natural Aggregates Is Increased Tremendously And At The Same Time, The Production Of Solid Wastes From The Demolitions Of Constructions Is Also Quite High. Because Of These Reasons The Reuse Of Demolished Constructional Wastes Like Ceramic Tile And Granite Powder Came Into The Picture To Reduce The Solid Waste And To Reduce The Scarcity Of Natural Aggregates For Making Concrete. The Ceramic Tile Waste Is Not Only Occurring From The Demolition Of Structures But Also From The Manufacturing Unit. Studies Show That About 20-30% Of Material Prepared In The Tile Manufacturing Plants Are Transforming Into Waste. Granite Powder And Ceramic Tile Powder Were Replaced In Place Of Fine Aggregate By 10% Along With The Ceramic Coarse Tile. M25 Grade Of Concrete Was Designed And Tested. The Mix Design For Different Types Of Mixes Were Prepared By Replacing The Coarse Aggregates And Fine Aggregate At Different Percentages Of The Compressive Strength Greater Than 42mpa As High Strength Concrete. Read more Read less

Virtual Mouse Using Hand Gestures

The Development Of Human-computer Interaction (HCI) Technologies Has Led To Innovative Approaches For Controlling Devices Without Traditional Input Peripherals. This Research Paper Presents The Design And Implementation Of A Virtual Mouse System T... The Development Of Human-computer Interaction (HCI) Technologies Has Led To Innovative Approaches For Controlling Devices Without Traditional Input Peripherals. This Research Paper Presents The Design And Implementation Of A Virtual Mouse System That Utilizes Hand Gestures For Cursor Control And Click Operations. Leveraging Computer Vision Techniques, Specifically OpenCV And MediaPipe, The System Captures Real-time Hand Movements From A Standard Webcam And Translates Them Into Mouse Actions Such As Movement, Left-click, Right-click, And Scrolling. The Proposed Solution Is Cost-effective, Accessible, And Does Not Require Specialized Hardware, Making It Suitable For A Wide Range Of Users, Including Those With Physical Disabilities. Experimental Results Demonstrate The System’s Accuracy, Responsiveness, And Usability In Various Lighting And Background Conditions. This Work Contributes To The Advancement Of Gesture-based HCI And Offers A Practical Alternative For Hands-free Computer Navigation. Read more Read less

An Experimental Investigation On Partial Replacement Of Cement With Silica Fume

The Construction Activities In Last Few Decades Have Increased Very Well In Almost All The Developing Countries Of The World. Cement Is Becoming A Scarce Commodity Globally Because Of Its Growing Demand Day By Day. It Is The Need Of Time To Search Su... The Construction Activities In Last Few Decades Have Increased Very Well In Almost All The Developing Countries Of The World. Cement Is Becoming A Scarce Commodity Globally Because Of Its Growing Demand Day By Day. It Is The Need Of Time To Search Such Alternative Materials That Would Partially Or Fully Replace Cement Used In Concretes And Mortars Without Affecting Its Quality, Strength And Other Characteristics. By Addition Of Some Pozzolanic Materials, The Various Properties Of Concrete Viz Can Be Improved. Silica Fume Is Known To Improve Both The Mechanical Properties And Durability Of Concrete. The Principle Physical Effect Of Silica Fume In Concrete Is That Of Filler Besides The Pozzolanic Activity, Which Because Of Its Fineness Can Fit Into Space Between Cement Grains In The Same Way That Sand Fills The Space Between Particles Of Coarse Aggregates And Cement Grains Fill The Space Between Sand Grains. In This Experimental Investigation An Attempt Has Been Made To Determine The Effects Of Silica Fume On M30 Grade Concrete. This Investigation Involves Partial Replacement Of Cement With Silica Fume Varying Proportion Of 0%,5%,10%, 15% By Weight Of Cement. The Characteristics Of Fresh Concrete Are Determined By Slump Cone Test To Find The Work Ability Of The Concrete, And Hardened Properties Of Concrete Such As Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength, Tensile Strength Were Carried Out At 7 Days And 28 Days For Various Proportions Of Silica Fume. The Results Of Various Tests Conducted On Control Mix And Other Mixes With Different Proportions Of Silica Fume Have Been Compared. The Results Of Experimental Investigation Indicates That The Use Of Silica Fume In Concrete Has Increased The Strength And At Allage When Compared To Normal Concrete. The Workability Of Concrete Is Decreasing With Increasing Silica Fume Content ,thus The Concrete Containing Silica Fume Require More Water Than The Conventional Concrete. The Strength Of Concrete Increases Rapidly As We Increases The Silica Fume Content And The Optimum Value Of Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength, Split Tensile Strength Is Obtained At 10% Replacement, After 10% Its Start Decreasing. Read more Read less

An Empirical Study On Fixed Asset Utilization And Capital Efficiency Of PONLAIT

This Study Examines The Fixed Asset Utilization And Capital Efficiency Of PONLAIT Over A Five-year Period (2020–21 To 2024–25) Using Analytical Research Design And Financial Ratio Analysis. Key Indicators Such As Fixed Asset Turnover Ratio (FATR), Ea... This Study Examines The Fixed Asset Utilization And Capital Efficiency Of PONLAIT Over A Five-year Period (2020–21 To 2024–25) Using Analytical Research Design And Financial Ratio Analysis. Key Indicators Such As Fixed Asset Turnover Ratio (FATR), Earnings Before Interest And Tax (EBIT), And Return On Capital Employed (ROCE) Were Evaluated To Understand Operational Efficiency And Profitability Trends. The Results Show That FATR Increased Steadily, Indicating Consistent Improvement In Asset Utilization, Whereas ROCE And EBIT Displayed Significant Fluctuations, Reflecting Unstable Financial Performance. The Coefficient Of Variation Confirmed High Stability In Asset Usage But Substantial Volatility In Returns. The Correlation Analysis Showed A Slight Positive Association (r = 0.22) Between FATR And ROCE, Suggesting That Higher Asset Efficiency Did Not Proportionately Enhance Profitability. Overall, The Findings Highlight That While PONLAIT Demonstrates Strong Operational Efficiency Through Effective Use Of Fixed Assets, It Requires Improved Cost Control And Profitability Strategies To Achieve Long-term Financial Sustainability. Read more Read less

ONLINE TAXI SERVICES

The Rapid Growth Of Urban Mobility Has Increased The Demand For Efficient, Accessible, And Technology-driven Car Service And Rental Solutions. Traditional Manual Systems For Booking, Managing, And Tracking Car Services Often Result In Delays, Ineffic... The Rapid Growth Of Urban Mobility Has Increased The Demand For Efficient, Accessible, And Technology-driven Car Service And Rental Solutions. Traditional Manual Systems For Booking, Managing, And Tracking Car Services Often Result In Delays, Inefficiency, Data Inconsistency, And Poor User Experience. This Research Presents The Design And Development Of An Integrated Online Car Services System That Enables Users To Book Cars, Schedule Maintenance Services, And Manage Service Records Through A Unified Web-based Platform. The Proposed System Is Developed Using PHP And MySQL, Incorporating Modules For User Authentication, Car Inventory Management, Booking Processing, Payment Integration, And Administrative Control. Data Flow Diagrams (DFD), UML Diagrams, And An Entity–Relationship Model Were Used To Structure The System Architecture And Ensure Modular And Scalable Design. Experimental Evaluation Demonstrates Improved Service Accuracy, Reduced Processing Time, And Enhanced Accessibility Compared To Traditional Methods. The System Offers A Reliable, Automated, And User-friendly Solution Suitable For Car Rental Agencies, Service Centers, And Urban Mobility Providers. Future Enhancements Include AI-based Car Recommendations, GPS-enabled Tracking, And Integration With Mobile Applications To Further Improve Usability And System Intelligence. Read more Read less

Employee Payroll System

Payroll Processing Is One Of The Most Crucial Responsibilities Of Any Organization Because It Deals With Employee Salary Disbursement, Taxation, Deductions, Allowances, And Record Management. Traditional Payroll Systems Rely Mainly On Manual Document... Payroll Processing Is One Of The Most Crucial Responsibilities Of Any Organization Because It Deals With Employee Salary Disbursement, Taxation, Deductions, Allowances, And Record Management. Traditional Payroll Systems Rely Mainly On Manual Documentation Using Registers Or Spreadsheets, Which Are Error-prone, Time-consuming, And Difficult To Secure. This Research Aims To Develop A Computerized Employee Payroll System To Automate Payroll Operations Using A Centralized Database And Rule-based Calculations. The Proposed System Integrates Employee Data Management, Attendance And Leave Record Tracking, Salary Computation, And Digital Payslip Generation. The System Improves Security, Accuracy, And Administrative Efficiency. Comparative Analysis With Manual Systems Shows A Significant Reduction In Processing Time And Errors. Read more Read less

AQI Index Analyzer Using Machine Learning

Air Quality Index AQI Prediction Is A Critical Public Health Task That Involves Leveraging Data-driven Methods To Forecast Pollutant Concentrations And The Resulting AQI Under Dynamic Environmental And Meteorological Conditions1. This Research Ex... Air Quality Index AQI Prediction Is A Critical Public Health Task That Involves Leveraging Data-driven Methods To Forecast Pollutant Concentrations And The Resulting AQI Under Dynamic Environmental And Meteorological Conditions1. This Research Explores The Application Of Advanced Statistical And Machine Learning ML Techniques, Including Ensemble Models And Deep Neural Networks, To Forecast AQI Based On Factors Such As Primary Pollutants PM2.5, NO2, O, Weather Patterns (temperature, Wind Speed), And Temporal Attributes. Comprehensive Datasets Collected From Multiple Monitoring Stations And Meteorological Sources Are Utilized To Train And Evaluate Predictive Algorithms, With Rigorous Feature Selection Strategies Enhancing Model Performance. Experimental Results Indicate That Ensemble Methods Like Random Forest (RF) And Deep Learning (DL) Models Such As Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Significantly Outperform Traditional Approaches, Achieving High Accuracy In AQI Estimation. The Proposed ML Models Are Designed To Support Public Health Agencies, Environmental Regulators, And Citizens In Making Data-informed Decisions That Mitigate Exposure Risks And Improve Public Safety. Future Work Will Focus On Integrating Real-time Sensor Data And Refining Quantized ML Frameworks For Efficient Deployment On Edge Devices. Read more Read less

GEOMETRIC DESIGN OF A HIGHWAY USING MXROAD

This Study Addresses The Need For Road Widening To Accommodate Increasing Traffic Intensity On The Vijayawada Highway (30.8 Km). Road Widening Can Improve Traffic Performance By Increasing Capacity, Though It May Also Attract More Users. The Research... This Study Addresses The Need For Road Widening To Accommodate Increasing Traffic Intensity On The Vijayawada Highway (30.8 Km). Road Widening Can Improve Traffic Performance By Increasing Capacity, Though It May Also Attract More Users. The Research Involves Analysing The Effects Of Road Widening On Traffic Flow And Safety, Using Bentley MX Road Software For Road Geometric Design. The Project Includes Importing Existing Road Geometry Into The Software, Applying Design Standards, And Generating Alternatives For Optimization. The Redesign Aims To Improve Efficiency, Safety, And Compliance With Standards While Minimizing Costs And Environmental Impact. Read more Read less

Optimised Design And Performance Analysis Of Pavement Quality Concrete

This Study Examines The Combined Influence Of Fly Ash (FA), Vitrified Polish Waste (VPW), And Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) As Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) In M40 Grade Pavement Quality Concrete (PQC). Cement Was Partial... This Study Examines The Combined Influence Of Fly Ash (FA), Vitrified Polish Waste (VPW), And Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) As Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) In M40 Grade Pavement Quality Concrete (PQC). Cement Was Partially Replaced In Incremental Proportions Of 5%, 10%, 15%, And 20% Using Blended Combinations Of FA And GGBFS Along With A Fixed 15% VPW Content. All Mixes Were Designed With A Constant Water-to-binder Ratio Of 0.34 Following IRC:44-2017 Guidelines. Mechanical Performance Was Evaluated Through Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength, And Flexural Strength At 7 And 28 Days. Results Indicate That Mechanical Strength Steadily Increased With SCM Content Up To An Optimum Replacement Of 15%, Beyond Which Performance Declined. The Optimum Mix Exhibited Superior Compressive, Tensile, And Flexural Behavior Compared To Conventional M40 PQC. This Study Demonstrates That Incorporating Industrial Waste Materials Such As FA, GGBFS, And VPW Enhances Performance While Promoting Sustainable And Cost-effective Pavement Construction. Read more Read less

A Study On Capital Budgeting Techniques And Its Impact On Profitability Of Hidesign India Private Limited

The Study Examines In How Capital Budgeting Helps Businesses Make Smart Investment Decisions In Today’s Competitive World. It Plays A Vital Role In Selecting Profitable Long-term Projects And Improving Financial Growth. It Ensures That Investment Dec... The Study Examines In How Capital Budgeting Helps Businesses Make Smart Investment Decisions In Today’s Competitive World. It Plays A Vital Role In Selecting Profitable Long-term Projects And Improving Financial Growth. It Ensures That Investment Decisions Are Based On Data-driven Predictions Rather Than Assumptions. This Makes The Decision-making Process More Reliable And Aligned With Organizational Goals. However, Many Firms Struggle To Apply Techniques Like NPVand Payback Period Effectively Due To Changing Market Conditions. The Research Design Is Descriptive Approach With Ratio And Regression Analysis To Study How These Methods Affect Profitability. This Approach Helps Identify Financial Patterns That May Not Be Visible Through Basic Evaluation Methods. It Also Assists In Understanding How Internal And External Business Factors Influence Investment Outcomes. Such Insights Guide Firms In Improving Their Financial Planning And Strategic Budgeting Decisions. Findings Show That Capital Budgeting Improves Operational Performance And Profitability, Though Rising Costs Highlight The Need For Better Cost Control. The Study Also Finds A Strong Positive Link Between Trade Receivables And Profitability, Proving That Efficient Receivable Management Boosts Performance. Overall, Using Capital Budgeting Strategically Helps Companies Increase Profits, Manage Resources Better, And Achieve Sustainable Growth. Read more Read less

Experimental Study On Investigation Of Strength And Durability Properties Of High-volume Fly Ash Cement Concrete

This Study Examines The Combined Influence Of Fly Ash (FA), Vitrified Polish Waste (VPW), And Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) As Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) In M40 Grade Pavement Quality Concrete (PQC). Cement Was Partial... This Study Examines The Combined Influence Of Fly Ash (FA), Vitrified Polish Waste (VPW), And Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) As Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) In M40 Grade Pavement Quality Concrete (PQC). Cement Was Partially Replaced In Incremental Proportions Of 5%, 10%, 15%, And 20% Using Blended Combinations Of FA And GGBFS Along With A Fixed 15% VPW Content. All Mixes Were Designed With A Constant Water-to-binder Ratio Of 0.34 Following IRC:44-2017 Guidelines. Mechanical Performance Was Evaluated Through Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength, And Flexural Strength At 7 And 28 Days. Results Indicate That Mechanical Strength Steadily Increased With SCM Content Up To An Optimum Replacement Of 15%, Beyond Which Performance Declined. The Optimum Mix Exhibited Superior Compressive, Tensile, And Flexural Behavior Compared To Conventional M40 PQC. This Study Demonstrates That Incorporating Industrial Waste Materials Such As FA, GGBFS, And VPW Enhances Performance While Promoting Sustainable And Cost-effective Pavement Construction. Read more Read less

An Advanced IoT System For Monitoring And Analyzing Chosen Power Quality Parameters In Microgrid Solutions

Nowadays, The Electric Power Sector Is Accomplishing Many Essential Improvements On Power Networks To Respond To Power Supply Reliability And Energy Consumption Demand As Well As To Exploit Effectively Distributed Generators Integrated Into The Netwo... Nowadays, The Electric Power Sector Is Accomplishing Many Essential Improvements On Power Networks To Respond To Power Supply Reliability And Energy Consumption Demand As Well As To Exploit Effectively Distributed Generators Integrated Into The Networks. The Smart Grid, A New Modern Solution For Future Power Networks, Uses Digital Technologies And Internet Of Things (IoT) Solutions To Intelligently Respond And Adapt To Changes In The Power Networks. This Paper Develops A New Design Of IoT-based Network Architecture Applied For Measuring, Monitoring, And Controlling Substations On Low-voltage Distribution Networks. In This Proposed System, Transmitting And Receiving Measurement Data From The Substations Is Based On The IoT Platform Via The LoRaWAN And WiFi Communication Technologies. This Aims To Increase The Reliability And Accuracy Of The Communication System. Once Access Permissions For The System Are Established, Network Operators And Managers Can Easily Monitor All Electrical Measurement Parameters And Control Circuit Breakers At The Substations Using Smartphones Or Personal Computers. The Obtained Experimental Results In This Paper Show That The Proposed System Is A Low-cost And Feasible Design For Applying To Future Power Networks. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY AND ITS IMPACT ON PROFITABILITY AT FEMTOSOFT TECHNOLOGIES

This Study Analyzes The Relationship Between Operational Efficiency (OE) And Profitability At Femtosoft Technologies Over A Five-year Period (2020-21 To 2024-25). Operational Efficiency Is Defined As The Firm's Ability To Transform Inputs Into Output... This Study Analyzes The Relationship Between Operational Efficiency (OE) And Profitability At Femtosoft Technologies Over A Five-year Period (2020-21 To 2024-25). Operational Efficiency Is Defined As The Firm's Ability To Transform Inputs Into Outputs In The Most Productive Manner, Ensuring Cost Reduction, Resource Optimization, And Enhanced Organizational Productivity. The Research Utilizes A Descriptive Research Design And Employs Financial Tools Such As Ratio Analysis, Trend Analysis, Correlation, And Regression On Secondary Data Collected From The Company’s Annual Reports. Key Findings Established A Strong Positive Correlation (+0.998) Between The Employee Productivity Ratio (EPR) And Net Profit , Confirming That Effective Human Capital Utilization Is A Powerful Driver Of Financial Success. However, The Analysis Also Revealed Two Critical Challenges: High Fluctuations In The Working Capital Turnover Ratio, Indicating Inconsistency In Short-term Financial Management , And A Continuous Rise In Operating Expenses, Which Poses A Threat To Profit Margins If Not Controlled. The Study Concludes That While Employee Productivity Is High, Sustained Profitability Requires Stabilizing Working Capital Practices And Maintaining Strict Cost Discipline. Read more Read less

A Study On Profitability Analysis Of Central Bank

The Study Aims To Evaluate The Financial Performance And Profitability Position Of The Central Bank Of India Over A Specific Period. Profitability Is A Key Indicator Of A Bank’s Efficiency, Sustainability, And Overall Financial Health. This Research... The Study Aims To Evaluate The Financial Performance And Profitability Position Of The Central Bank Of India Over A Specific Period. Profitability Is A Key Indicator Of A Bank’s Efficiency, Sustainability, And Overall Financial Health. This Research Analyses Various Profitability Ratios Such As Net Profit Ratio, Return On Assets (ROA), Return On Equity (ROE), And Net Interest Margin (NIM) To Assess The Bank’s Ability To Generate Earnings Relative To Its Expenses And Other Relevant Costs. The Study Utilizes Secondary Data Obtained From Annual Reports, Financial Statements, And Other Published Sources. Through Comparative And Trend Analysis, The Research Identifies Factors Influencing Profitability, Including Asset Quality, Interest Income, Non-performing Assets (NPAs), And Operational Efficiency. The Findings Of The Study Highlight The Bank’s Strengths, Weaknesses, And Areas Requiring Improvement To Enhance Profitability And Competitive Performance. Read more Read less

PARKINSON’S DISEASE

Parkinson Disease, Though A Common Neurological Movement Issue To Practice In Medicine, Is Not Always Easy To Treat And Diagnose. The Diagnosis Among The PD Patients Is Clinical And Sometimes Difficult Given The Fact That They Experience Numerous Mot... Parkinson Disease, Though A Common Neurological Movement Issue To Practice In Medicine, Is Not Always Easy To Treat And Diagnose. The Diagnosis Among The PD Patients Is Clinical And Sometimes Difficult Given The Fact That They Experience Numerous Motor And Non-motor Symptoms. The Medical Management Of The Patients With Parkinson Disease Is Not Easy As There Is Little Medication Available And Levodopa Is The Keystone Of Treatment. Yet, Levodopa-induced Dyskinesia (LID) Affects People With Parkinson Disease Taking Levodopa Quite Often. This Is The Negative Outcome That May Manifest Itself Immediately A Few Days Or Months Later, Despite The Fact That It Is Usually The Case After A Long Period Of Therapy. Various Surgical Procedures Such As As Deep Brain Stimulation And Unilateral Pallidotomy Have Warranted Great Results To PD Patients Who Are Not Responding To Treatment. This Is A Bad Side That May Manifest Itself Immediately After A Few Days Or Months Of Therapy, Despite The Fact That It Is Usually Manifested After A Long Period Of Treatment. A Number Of Surgical Procedures Such As As Deep Brain Stimulation And Unilateral Pallidotomy Have Demonstrated Great Results In PD Patients Who Cannot Be Treated By Medicine Alone. Keywords- Besides Discussing The Different Pharmaceutical Alternatives Of Treating The Parkinson Disease, This Paper Discusses Epidemiology Of The Disease, Pathophysiology, Genetics, Pathology, And Clinicoradiological Presentations Of Individuals With This Degenerative Disease. Read more Read less

A Comparative Study On The Cost-Benefit Analysis Of Cloud-Based Vs On-Premise Twilight IT Solution

This Paper Presents An Analytical Comparison Of Cloud-based And On-premise IT Infrastructure Models With Reference To Twilight IT Solutions Pvt. Ltd. The Study Aims To Identify The Financial, Operational, And Strategic Implications Of Both Systems Th... This Paper Presents An Analytical Comparison Of Cloud-based And On-premise IT Infrastructure Models With Reference To Twilight IT Solutions Pvt. Ltd. The Study Aims To Identify The Financial, Operational, And Strategic Implications Of Both Systems Through Cost-benefit Evaluation. Using Secondary Data From Published Reports And Case Studies, The Analysis Explores Capital And Operational Expenditures (CAPEX And OPEX), Total Cost Of Ownership (TCO), Scalability, Downtime, And Security. The Findings Suggest That While On-premise Infrastructure Ensures Data Control And Stability, Cloud-based Deployment Offers Improved Scalability, Reduced Capital Cost, And Operational Flexibility. The Study Concludes That Adopting A Hybrid Or Cloud-first Strategy Can Deliver Sustainable Long-term Benefits For Mid-sized IT Organizations. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON DEPOSIT MOBILIZATION AND CREDIT DEVELOPMENT IN PUDUVAI BHARATHIAR GRAMA BANK

This Study Analyzes The Deposit Mobilization And Credit Development Of Puduvai Bharathiar Grama Bank (PBGB) Over A Five-year Period, Highlighting Its Role In Promoting Financial Inclusion And Rural Economic Growth. The Research Evaluates Trends In Va... This Study Analyzes The Deposit Mobilization And Credit Development Of Puduvai Bharathiar Grama Bank (PBGB) Over A Five-year Period, Highlighting Its Role In Promoting Financial Inclusion And Rural Economic Growth. The Research Evaluates Trends In Various Deposit Categories—savings, Fixed, Recurring, And Current Deposits—and Examines How Effectively These Mobilized Funds Were Converted Into Productive Credit. Secondary Data From The Bank’s Financial Statements (2019–2024) Were Used, Supported By Analytical Tools Such As Trend Analysis, Comparative Analysis, Credit–Deposit Ratio (CDR), And Correlation. Findings Reveal Steady Growth In Deposits, With Fixed Deposits Holding The Largest Share And Recurring Deposits Showing Strong Year-on-year Expansion. The CDR Improved Significantly, Indicating Efficient Utilization Of Funds For Lending. A High Correlation Coefficient (0.995) Between Deposits And Credit Demonstrates The Bank’s Strong Financial Intermediation And Effective Resource Deployment. The Study Also Highlights Challenges Such As Low Current Deposit Growth And Regional Limitations. Suggestions Emphasize Diversifying Deposit Products, Strengthening Digital Banking, Improving Credit Quality, And Promoting Financial Literacy. Overall, The Research Concludes That PBGB Has Achieved Consistent Growth In Both Deposits And Credit, Strengthening Its Position As A Key Contributor To Rural Development And Financial Stability. Read more Read less

A Review Paper On E-Commerce Website

The Food Delivery Website Is An Online Platform That Connects Customers With Nearby Restaurants And Food Outlets. It Lets Users Browse Menus, Place Orders, And Receive Meals At Their Doorsteps Quickly. The System Makes Ordering Food Simple With A Use... The Food Delivery Website Is An Online Platform That Connects Customers With Nearby Restaurants And Food Outlets. It Lets Users Browse Menus, Place Orders, And Receive Meals At Their Doorsteps Quickly. The System Makes Ordering Food Simple With A User-friendly Interface, Real-time Order Tracking, Secure Online Payments, And Efficient Delivery Management. Restaurants Can Manage Their Menus, Update Prices, And Handle Incoming Orders Easily Through An Admin Dashboard. The Project Aims To Save Time, Improve Convenience, And Reduce Communication Errors Between Customers And Restaurants. By Using Modern Web Technologies, This Website Provides A Smooth, Fast, And Reliable Online Food Ordering Experience For Users. Read more Read less

E- Commerce Website

In The Modern Digital Era, E-commerce Has Revolutionized The Retail Industry By Providing A Convenient, Efficient, And Global Platform For Trade. This Project, Titled “E-Commerce Website For A Unique Sports Shop,” Aims To Design And Develop An Online... In The Modern Digital Era, E-commerce Has Revolutionized The Retail Industry By Providing A Convenient, Efficient, And Global Platform For Trade. This Project, Titled “E-Commerce Website For A Unique Sports Shop,” Aims To Design And Develop An Online Platform Dedicated Exclusively To Sports Enthusiasts. The Proposed System Offers A User-friendly Interface Where Customers Can Browse, Compare, And Purchase A Wide Range Of Unique And Specialized Sports Products That Are Often Unavailable In Local Markets. The Website Integrates Essential E-commerce Functionalities Such As Product Categorization, Advanced Search And Filtering, Secure User Authentication, Online Payment Gateway, Order Tracking, And An Interactive Review System. The Project Is Implemented Using Modern Web Technologies Such As HTML, CSS, JavaScript, And PHP/MySQL For Dynamic Interaction And Database Management. The Backend Ensures Smooth Handling Of User And Product Data, While The Frontend Focuses On Responsive Design For Accessibility Across Devices. Additionally, Features Like Personalized Recommendations, Stock Management, And Promotional Offers Enhance The Overall Shopping Experience. Read more Read less

SYNETHETIC TIME SERIES GENERATOR FOR ANAMOLY DETECTION

Industries Increasingly Depend On Continuous Monitoring Systems Where Fast And Accurate Anomaly Detection Is Crucial For Preventing Failures And Ensuring Operational Reliability. This Project Proposes A Lightweight Python-based Synthetic Time Series... Industries Increasingly Depend On Continuous Monitoring Systems Where Fast And Accurate Anomaly Detection Is Crucial For Preventing Failures And Ensuring Operational Reliability. This Project Proposes A Lightweight Python-based Synthetic Time Series Generator Capable Of Producing Realistic Data With Trends, Seasonality, Noise, And Multiple Anomaly Types. The System Supports Controlled Anomaly Injection And Automatic Labeling, Making It Suitable For Training And Evaluating Anomaly Detection Models. Experimental Results Show Strong Performance, Achieving ROC-AUC Values Between 0.85–0.95 And High Precision, Recall, And F1-scores. Read more Read less

Evaluating Multi-Agent Coordination Frameworks: A Comparative Study Of Cerwai, AutoGen, LangGraph, And MCP

This Paper Presents A Comparative Study Of Four Ma- Jor Approaches Currently Shaping Multi-Agent Systems (MAS): The Structured, Graph-based Model Of LangGraph, The Decen- Tralized Conversational Setup Of AutoGen, The Role-based Or- Chestration Used I... This Paper Presents A Comparative Study Of Four Ma- Jor Approaches Currently Shaping Multi-Agent Systems (MAS): The Structured, Graph-based Model Of LangGraph, The Decen- Tralized Conversational Setup Of AutoGen, The Role-based Or- Chestration Used In CrewAI (or Cerwai), And The Foundational Security And Architecture Layer Provided By The Model Context Protocol (MCP). The Goal Is To Clearly Outline Their Architectural Differences, Highlight Real-world Performance Insights, And Ex- Plain The Underlying Engineering Trade-offs So That Developers And Researchers Can Make Informed Decisions When Building Production-ready Agentic AI Systems. Architecturally, Each Framework Brings A Distinct Approach. LangGraph’s Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) Enable Consistent State Management And Deterministic Task Execution, Making It Ideal For Complex, Long-running Workflows With Checkpointing. AutoGen, By Contrast, Focuses On Agility And Conversational Simplicity, Excelling In Interactive Applications That Require Quick Coordination Between Agents. CrewAI Streamlines The Creation Of Autonomous Teams Through Predefined Roles And Task Structures, Offering An Approachable Entry Point For Specialized Automation. A Key Takeaway Is That The Model Context Protocol (MCP) Is Not A Competing Framework But A Foundational Standard For Security, Tool Management, And Interoperability Across MAS Ecosystems. It Mitigates Major Risks Related To Arbitrary Tool Execution And Enables Safe, Standardized Integration Between Different Agentic Frameworks. Based On Performance Metrics Like Response Consistency Index (RCI) And Latency, The Study Concludes That There Is No Universally Superior Framework—each Is Suited To Different Goals. The Right Choice Depends On Whether The Priority Is Maximizing Reliability And Accuracy (high RCI) Or Achieving Low-latency Responsiveness For Interactive Systems. Read more Read less

Handwritten Digit Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) On The MNIST Dataset

Handwritten Digit Recognition Is Crucial In Various Automated Tasks Like Financial Verification, Postal Sorting, And Digital Form Processing, Where Correctly Understanding Handwritten Numbers Is Key. This Study Looks At How Well Convolutional Neural... Handwritten Digit Recognition Is Crucial In Various Automated Tasks Like Financial Verification, Postal Sorting, And Digital Form Processing, Where Correctly Understanding Handwritten Numbers Is Key. This Study Looks At How Well Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) Work For Recognizing Handwritten Digits, Using The MNIST Dataset, Which Is A Common Test Set Made Up Of Black And White Images Of Numbers. The Research Follows A Structured Approach That Includes Normalizing The Dataset, Reshaping Images, And Building A Multi-layer CNN Structure Designed For Classification. The Proposed Model Uses Three Convolutional Layers With Increasing Numbers Of Filters, Along With Max-pooling, Dropout Regularization, And Fully Connected Dense Layers To Capture And Understand Important Visual Patterns. The Network Is Trained Using Categorical Cross-entropy Loss And Stochastic Gradient Descent Over 15 Training Cycles. The Experimental Results Show The Model Achieves A Test Accuracy Of 99.2%, Which Shows Its Strong Ability To Generalize And Perform Well Across Different Handwriting Styles. A Confusion Matrix Analysis Further Confirms Consistent Performance Across All Digit Classes, With Very Few Misclassifications. These Results Highlight The Potential Of CNN-based Models For Reliable Visual Recognition And Lay The Groundwork For Future Work With More Complex Datasets And Expanded Character Recognition Systems. The Study Shows That Well-designed CNN Structures Can Achieve Very Reliable Recognition Of Handwritten Digits, Providing A Solid Base For Future Progress In Automated Visual Understanding Systems. Read more Read less

DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF AN IMPINGEMENT-COOLED HEAT SINK USING CFD APPROACHES

Impingement Cooling Method Utilizes High Speed Jet(s) To Impinge On A High Temperature Surface For Cooling Or Heating. In This Study, Various Heat Sinks Geo Metrical Configurations Heat Sink With No Fins, Heat Sink With Continuous Plate Fins, Heat Si... Impingement Cooling Method Utilizes High Speed Jet(s) To Impinge On A High Temperature Surface For Cooling Or Heating. In This Study, Various Heat Sinks Geo Metrical Configurations Heat Sink With No Fins, Heat Sink With Continuous Plate Fins, Heat Sink With Interrupted Plate Fins, Heat Sinks With Pin-fins Were Studied. The Studies Had Been Conducted For Three Jet Velocity (2, 4 And 6 M/s) As Well As Three Z/d Ratios Of 2, 4 And 6. Numerical Simulations For This Work Had Been Performed In ANSYS FLUENT With RNG K-ϵ Turbulence Model To Account For The Reynolds Stresses. As High As 25% Heat Transfer Enhancement Was Observed By Employing Pin-fins. The Ineffectiveness Of The Plate Fins Both Continuous And Interrupted For The Impingement Cooling Were Attributed To Obstruction To The Flow Path In These Geo Metrical Variants. Also, The Increase In The Pin-fin Diameter Was Resulted Heat Transfer Enhancement. Read more Read less

Design And Characterization Of Naproxen Loaded Nanocrystal Gel

The Present Study Aims To Design And Characterize Naproxen-loaded Nanocrystal Gel For Topical Application. Naproxen, A Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID), Is Commonly Used For Pain Relief And Inflammation But Suffer From Poor Solubility And... The Present Study Aims To Design And Characterize Naproxen-loaded Nanocrystal Gel For Topical Application. Naproxen, A Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID), Is Commonly Used For Pain Relief And Inflammation But Suffer From Poor Solubility And Gastric Side Effects When Taken Orally. To Overcome These Problems, Nanocrystals Of Naproxen Were Prepared Using The Antisolvent Precipitation Method Followed By High Pressure Homogenization, Which Helps To Reduce Particle Size And Improve Dissolution. The Prepared Nanocrystals Were Then Incorporated Into A Carbopol 940 Gel Base To Form A Smooth And Stable Nanocrystal Gel. The Nanocrystals Were Evaluated For Parameters Such As Particle Size, Calibration Curve And Zeta Potential. Nanocrystal Gel Was Evaluated For PH, Viscosity, Spreadability, Drug Content And Entrapment Efficiency. Zeta Potential And Particle Size Analysis Confirmed The Stability Of The Formulation. The Optimised Formulation (F3) Showed High Drug Content (92.3%) And High Entrapment Efficiency (99.9%), Confirming The Effectiveness Of Nanocrystal In Delivering Naproxen For Enhanced Therapeutic Outcomes. Hence, The Present Study Can Be Concluded That Naproxen Nanocrystal Formulation Is A Promising System For The Topical Delivery And It Enhances The Bioavailability By Improving The Solubility And Enhanced Bioavailability. Read more Read less

NATURAL ANTI-OXIDANT RICE FACE PACK FROM BANANA PEEL AND HERBAL BLEND

This Study Examines A Natural Antioxidant-rich Face Pack Formulated From Banana Peel And An Herbal Blend. The Ingredients Include Ripened Banana Peel Powder, Multani Mitti, Sandalwood Powder, Coffee Powder, Honey, Almond Oil And Rose Water, All Sourc... This Study Examines A Natural Antioxidant-rich Face Pack Formulated From Banana Peel And An Herbal Blend. The Ingredients Include Ripened Banana Peel Powder, Multani Mitti, Sandalwood Powder, Coffee Powder, Honey, Almond Oil And Rose Water, All Sourced Locally. Powders Were Sieved (#120), Accurately Weighed And Mixed Geometrically Using A Mortar And Pestle To Obtain A Uniform Formulation. The Face Pack Was Evaluated For Physical Appearance, PH, Viscosity, Washability, Homogeneity, Stability, Microbial Load, Spreadability And Irritancy. The Dried Powder Showed Good Flow Properties Suitable For Cosmetic Application. Banana Peel–based Formulations Are Known To Enhance Blood Circulation, Rejuvenate Skin, Maintain Elasticity And Cleanse Pores. Literature Findings Support That Such Face Packs Have Acceptable Physical Properties And Are Non-irritant. Further Optimization Is Needed To Explore Their Full Cosmetic Benefits. Read more Read less

An Experimental Approach Investigating The Performance Of Concrete With Natural Vs Artificial Sand: A Review

This Review Examines Experimental Studies Comparing The Performance Of Concrete Made With Natural Sand And Artificial Sand. It Highlights How Each Type Of Fine Aggregate Influences Workability, Strength Development, Durability And Microstructural Beh... This Review Examines Experimental Studies Comparing The Performance Of Concrete Made With Natural Sand And Artificial Sand. It Highlights How Each Type Of Fine Aggregate Influences Workability, Strength Development, Durability And Microstructural Behavior. The Review Brings Together Results From Multiple Investigations To Understand Variations In Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength, Water Absorption And Long-term Stability. Overall, The Findings Show That Artificial Sand Can Serve As A Reliable Alternative To Natural Sand When Properly Graded And Processed, Offering More Consistent Quality And Reducing Pressure On Natural Resources. The Paper Also Identifies Gaps In Existing Studies And Suggests Areas Where Further Experimental Work Is Needed. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SAVINGWORLD

The Study Titled “Tracking The Financial Progress Of Saving World” Aims To Assess And Evaluate The Financial Position, Efficiency, And Stability Of Saving World, A Social Welfare Organization Engaged In Fundraising And Developmental Activities. The R... The Study Titled “Tracking The Financial Progress Of Saving World” Aims To Assess And Evaluate The Financial Position, Efficiency, And Stability Of Saving World, A Social Welfare Organization Engaged In Fundraising And Developmental Activities. The Research Focuses On Understanding How Effectively The Organization Utilizes Its Financial Resources To Achieve Its Objectives And Sustain Its Operations. The Study Analyzes Key Financial Parameters Such As Profitability, Liquidity, Solvency, And Operational Efficiency Through Ratio Analysis And Comparative Financial Statements. Secondary Data Have Been Collected From The Company’s Annual Reports, Financial Records, And Other Relevant Documents To Ensure Accuracy And Reliability Of Results. Read more Read less

THE ROLE OF MACHINE LEARNING IN DETECTING CYBER THREATS: A COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF TECHNIQUES, DATASETS, AND EVALUATION CHALLENGES

Traditional Systems That Rely On Signatures Or Rules Have Not Been Able To Keep Up With The Increasing Complexity, Frequency, And Effect Of Cyber Threats. There Has To Be A Dramatic Change To Threat Detection Systems That Use Machine Learning (ML) To... Traditional Systems That Rely On Signatures Or Rules Have Not Been Able To Keep Up With The Increasing Complexity, Frequency, And Effect Of Cyber Threats. There Has To Be A Dramatic Change To Threat Detection Systems That Use Machine Learning (ML) To Keep Up With The Ever-changing Threat Landscape. A Thorough Comparative Analysis Of ML's Function In Cyber Threat Detection Is Presented In This Review. We Aim To Thoroughly Analyze The Main ML Techniques, Identify The Domains Where They Are Applied, And Assess The Benchmark Datasets And Assessment Issues That Are Essential To This Field Of Study. Deep Learning (DL) Models Show Better Feature Extraction And High Accuracy (98-99%) In Complex Environments, According To A Comparative Study Of Supervised, Unsupervised, DL, And Hybrid/ensemble Methods. However, The Best Architectures For Maximizing Generalizability And Robustness Are Currently Hybrid And Ensemble Models. Problems With Out-of-date Content, Class Imbalance, And Real-world Representation Are Prevalent In Analyses Of Popular Datasets (e.g., CICIDS2017, NSL-KDD). Inadequate Dataset Quality, The Interpretability Problem Of "black Box" Models, And Susceptibility To Adversarial Attacks Are Some Of The Ongoing, Practical Obstacles That Limit ML's Efficacy, According To The Study's Conclusions. Establishing Adversarially Resilient, Explainable (XAI), And Data-quality-conscious ML Pipelines Is An Important Need For Future Research In Order To Guarantee The Deployment Of Reliable And Scalable Cyber Security Systems. Read more Read less

Tours And Travels Website

This Report Outlines A Strategic Framework For The Development Or Enhancement Of The Online Presence For Vaishu Tours And Travels. In The Modern Travel Industry, A Professional, User-friendly, And Trustworthy Website Is Not Just A Digital Brochure Bu... This Report Outlines A Strategic Framework For The Development Or Enhancement Of The Online Presence For Vaishu Tours And Travels. In The Modern Travel Industry, A Professional, User-friendly, And Trustworthy Website Is Not Just A Digital Brochure But A Primary Engine For Customer Acquisition, Engagement, And Booking. This Document Analyzes The Essential Components Required For A Successful Travel Agency Website, Following A Structured Methodology. Key Recommendations Include Establishing A Clear Brand Identity, Developing An Intuitive User Interface (UI), Showcasing Services And Destinations Effectively, Integrating A Simple Booking/inquiry System, And Implementing Foundational Search Engine Optimization (SEO) To Attract Local And Regional Customers. (SEO) To Attract Local And Regional Customers. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF EMPLOYEE WELFARE MEASURES ON JOB SATISFACTION AND MORALE AT SRIDEVI ENTERPRISES

This Study Examines The Effectiveness Of Employee Welfare Measures And Their Influence On Job Satisfaction And Morale Among Employees At Sri Devi Enterprises, Puducherry. Employee Welfare Is An Essential Component Of Human Resource Management That Co... This Study Examines The Effectiveness Of Employee Welfare Measures And Their Influence On Job Satisfaction And Morale Among Employees At Sri Devi Enterprises, Puducherry. Employee Welfare Is An Essential Component Of Human Resource Management That Contributes To Employee Well-being And Organizational Performance. The Study Adopts A Descriptive Research Design Using Both Primary And Secondary Data. Primary Data Were Collected Through A Structured Questionnaire Administered To 100 Employees. The Data Were Analyzed Using Statistical Tools Such As Percentage Analysis, ANOVA And Correlation To Determine The Relationship Between Welfare Measures, Satisfaction, And Morale. The Findings Reveal A Positive Correlation Between Employee Welfare And Job Satisfaction, Demonstrating That Effective Welfare Policies Enhance Employee Morale, Loyalty, And Productivity. The Study Concludes With Recommendations To Improve Welfare Measures And Sustain Employee Engagement. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF SUPPLY CHAIN FINANCE ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LENOVO

This Study Investigates The Strategic Adoption And Impact Of Supply Chain Finance (SCF) On The Working Capital Management And Financial Performance Of Lenovo, A Global Technology Company. SCF Involves A Set Of Financial Tools Designed To Optimize Cas... This Study Investigates The Strategic Adoption And Impact Of Supply Chain Finance (SCF) On The Working Capital Management And Financial Performance Of Lenovo, A Global Technology Company. SCF Involves A Set Of Financial Tools Designed To Optimize Cash Flow Across The Supply Chain, Bridging The Gap Between A Buyer's Desire For Extended Payment Terms And A Supplier's Need For Immediate Liquidity. The Research Utilizes Secondary Financial Data From 2019 To 2024 To Evaluate The Key Working Capital ComponentsDays Payable Outstanding (DPO), Days Sales Outstanding (DSO), And The Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC)and Their Optimization Through SCF Tools Like Reverse Factoring Key Findings Suggest That Lenovo Has Successfully Leveraged SCF To Strategically Extend Its Payment Terms, Resulting In A Significant Improvement In Its DPO And A Net Reduction In Its Cash Conversion Cycle. This Approach Effectively Converts A Short-term Liability (payables) Into A Long-term Strategic Advantage By Stabilizing The Supplier Base And Securing Favorable Operational Costs. The Study Concludes That SCF Is A Critical Strategic Tool For Technology Companies Operating With Complex Global Supply Chains, Leading To Enhanced Liquidity, Financial Stability, And Stronger, More Resilient Supplier Relationships. Read more Read less

A Study On The Impact Of Organisational Climate On Employee Performance At Cyberexperts.in

In The Knowledge-driven Economy, Organisational Climate Has Emerged As A Crucial Strategic Asset Driving Employee Performance. This Study Investigates The Relationship Between Organisational Climate And Employee Performance, Which Is Particularly Rel... In The Knowledge-driven Economy, Organisational Climate Has Emerged As A Crucial Strategic Asset Driving Employee Performance. This Study Investigates The Relationship Between Organisational Climate And Employee Performance, Which Is Particularly Relevant In The Fast-paced Information Technology (IT) And Services Sector, Such As At Cyberexperts.in. The Research Adopted A Descriptive And Explanatory Design, Utilizing Primary Data Collected Via A Structured Questionnaire From A Sample Of 100 Employees At Cyberexperts.in, Chennai. The Data Was Analysed Using Statistical Tools Including Mean, Factor Analysis, Regression, And Correlation. The Findings Revealed A Statistically Positive Perception Of The Work Environment Across All Aspects (mean Scores > 4.2). Factor Analysis Identified Salary & Pay Competitiveness, Appraisal & Review System, And Training & Development As The Three Key Underlying Factors Influencing The Organisational Climate. Most Significantly, Regression Analysis Showed A Statistically Significant Effect Of Organisational Climate On Employee Performance (Sig. P = 0.005), With The Climate Explaining 7.7% Of The Variation (R² = 0.077). The Study Concludes That Organizational Climate Has A Significant Positive Influence On Employee Performance And Recommends That Management Focus On Reinforcing These Three Key Factors. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON HUMAN RESOURCE ACCOUNTING (HRA) AT FEMTOSOFT TECHNOLOGIES

This Study This Study Aims To Explore And Analyze The Concept Of Human Resource Accounting(HRA),which Identifies, Measures, And Reports The Cost And Value Of Human Resources In A Systematic Manner. In The Information Technology (IT) Sector, Human Cap... This Study This Study Aims To Explore And Analyze The Concept Of Human Resource Accounting(HRA),which Identifies, Measures, And Reports The Cost And Value Of Human Resources In A Systematic Manner. In The Information Technology (IT) Sector, Human Capital Is The Primary Engine Of Value Creation, Yet Conventional Financial Reporting Fails To Treat It As An Organizational Asset. This Empirical Analysis Is Focused On Femtosoft Technologies Over A Five-year Period (2020-21 To 2024-25). The Research Scrutinizes The Correlation Between Human Capital Metrics, Such As The Human Resource Value (HRV) And Return On Human Capital (ROHC), And The Company's Net Profitability. Key Findings Provide Quantitative Evidence That The Workforce Is The Company's Most Valuable And Profitable Asset, Highlighting A Positive Relationship Between Employee Expenditure And Organizational Returns. The Study Concludes That Implementing Standardized HRA Models Enhances Financial Transparency And Supports Strategic Decision-making In Human Capital Investment. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF APPXPERTS PRIVATE LIMITED

This Study Titled “A Study On The Financial Performance Analysis Of Appxperts Private Limited” Aims To Evaluate The Company’s Financial Health Using Ratio Analysis Techniques. Financial Performance Analysis Is An Essential Aspect Of Business Decision... This Study Titled “A Study On The Financial Performance Analysis Of Appxperts Private Limited” Aims To Evaluate The Company’s Financial Health Using Ratio Analysis Techniques. Financial Performance Analysis Is An Essential Aspect Of Business Decision-making, As It Provides Insights Into Liquidity, Solvency, And Operational Efficiency. The Research Relies On Secondary Data Collected From The Financial Statements Of The Company For Five Consecutive Years (2020–2024). Analytical Tools Such As Comparative Balance Sheets, Common-size Statements, And Key Financial Ratios Have Been Used To Interpret Results. The Findings Reveal That Appxperts Pvt. Ltd. Has Shown Significant Improvement In Liquidity And Solvency In Recent Years, With Reduced Dependence On Debt And Enhanced Reserves. However, Variations In The Quick Ratio And Cash Utilization Indicate Areas For Better Working Capital Management. The Study Concludes That The Company Is Financially Stable, But Continuous Monitoring Is Essential To Sustain Growth And Efficiency Read more Read less

A Study On The Impact Of HR Practices On Labour Productivity At Emox Manufacturing Pvt. Ltd

This Study Investigates The Impact Of Human Resource (HR) Practicesspecifically Recruitment, Training, Performance Appraisal, And Employee Welfareon Labour Productivity At Emox Manufacturing Pvt. Ltd., Puducherry. Employing A Descriptive And Analytic... This Study Investigates The Impact Of Human Resource (HR) Practicesspecifically Recruitment, Training, Performance Appraisal, And Employee Welfareon Labour Productivity At Emox Manufacturing Pvt. Ltd., Puducherry. Employing A Descriptive And Analytical Research Design, Primary Data Were Collected From A Sample Of 100 Employees Selected Through Stratified Random Sampling, Using A Structured Questionnaire. The Data Were Analysed Using Descriptive Statistics, Pearson’s Correlation, And Multiple Linear Regression Techniques. The Findings Revealed A Highly Positive Employee Perception Of Existing HR Practices And Established A Significant Positive Relationship And Impact Of All Four HR Practices On Labour Productivity. The Study Concludes That HR Practices At Emox Serve As A Strategic Driver Of Labour Productivity, Reinforcing The Role Of HRM As A Core Partner In Achieving Operational Excellence And Suggesting That Continued Investment In These Areas Will Directly Enhance Employee Output And Organizational Performance. Read more Read less

PHISHNET: Intelligent Threat Analysis System Against Phishing Attacks

Digital Chat’s Fast Rise Makes Smart Online Protection More Urgent, Especially To Spot And Stop Fake Message Scams On Different Apps. PHISHNET Uses AI To Check Threats In Many Channels, Combining Learning Machines, Number Crunching, And Human Behavio... Digital Chat’s Fast Rise Makes Smart Online Protection More Urgent, Especially To Spot And Stop Fake Message Scams On Different Apps. PHISHNET Uses AI To Check Threats In Many Channels, Combining Learning Machines, Number Crunching, And Human Behavior Clues Into One Working Setup. It Runs Sharp Codes To Catch Phishing Faster And Sort It Automatically By Studying Links, Inbox Notes, Or Texts Using Models That Get The Situation. Instead Of Just Reading Words, NLP Figures Out What Messages Really Mean; At The Same Time, Tools Like Gradient Boosting Plus Random Forest Flag Shady Traces And Odd Actions. Behind The Scenes, Flask Parts Made With Python Team Up With A Flexible Mongo Storage Unit So Info Flows Quick And Adjusts Easy. In Online Spaces, This Approach Boosts Toughness While Lifting Precision And Cutting Down On Manual Fixes. Coming Updates Will Support Smart Adaptation Using Mixed Algorithms, Secure Tracking Via Decentralized Ledgers, Also Foresight Into Emerging Risks - Showing How Machine-driven Systems Can Shift Cyber Protection Toward Self-running, Clear, Ahead-of-time Shields. Spotting Fake Messages, Smart Computers That Learn By Doing, Teaching Machines How To Understand Human Talk, Keeping Online Spaces Safe, Tools That Catch Digital Dangers Before They Strike Read more Read less

Multimodal Emotion Recognition Using Visual-Text Fusion With ResNet-50 And SVM On The MELD Dataset

This Paper Presents A Multimodal Emotion Recognition Framework That Integrates Visual And Textual Modalities To Improve The Accuracy And Robustness Of Emotion Classification Systems. The Visual Modality Is Processed Using A Pre-trained ResNet-50 Conv... This Paper Presents A Multimodal Emotion Recognition Framework That Integrates Visual And Textual Modalities To Improve The Accuracy And Robustness Of Emotion Classification Systems. The Visual Modality Is Processed Using A Pre-trained ResNet-50 Convolutional Neural Network To Extract High-level Spatial Features From Video Frames, While The Textual Modality Is Represented Using TF-IDF–based Embeddings Derived From Transcribed Utterances. The Extracted Features Are Concatenated Through Feature-level Fusion And Classified Using A Support Vector Machine (SVM) Optimized For High-dimensional Data. The Proposed Approach Is Evaluated On The MELD Dataset, Which Contains Synchronized Video And Text Samples Annotated With Seven Emotion Classes. Experimental Results Demonstrate That The Fusion Of Visual And Textual Features Significantly Outperforms Unimodal Baselines, Achieving An Overall Accuracy Of 89.7%, With Strong Performance Across Precision, Recall, And F1-score Metrics. Additional Qualitative Analysis Confirms The Framework’s Applicability In Real-world Interactive Systems, Supported By An Interface That Displays Real-time Predictions Alongside Actual Labels. Read more Read less

A Comparative Study Using M-Sand And Metakaolin To Improve Concrete Strength And Quality

Concrete Is The Most Widely Used Construction Material, But Its Conventional Ingredients—natural River Sand And Ordinary Portland Cement—pose Environmental Concerns Due To Overexploitation Of Natural Resources And High Carbon Emissions. This Review P... Concrete Is The Most Widely Used Construction Material, But Its Conventional Ingredients—natural River Sand And Ordinary Portland Cement—pose Environmental Concerns Due To Overexploitation Of Natural Resources And High Carbon Emissions. This Review Paper Focuses On The Combined Use Of Manufactured Sand (M-Sand) And Metakaolin As Sustainable Alternatives For Fine Aggregate And Cement Respectively. A Comparative Analysis Of Previous Studies Is Presented To Evaluate The Effect Of These Materials On The Workability, Strength, And Durability Of Concrete. Findings Indicate That M-Sand Enhances Particle Packing And Compressive Strength When Properly Graded, While Metakaolin Improves Microstructure, Reduces Porosity, And Increases Long-term Durability. Optimum Replacement Levels Are Generally Observed Around 20–30% For M-Sand And 10–15% For Metakaolin. The Combined Use Results In Higher Strength, Better Durability, And Reduced Environmental Impact, Making It A Promising Solution For Sustainable Construction. Read more Read less

A Study on Employee Engagement And Organizational Performance In Schiller Healthcare India Pvt. Ltd

Employee Engagement Has Emerged As A Critical Factor Influencing Organizational Performance, Particularly In The Healthcare Sector Where Service Quality And Efficiency Depend Heavily On Human Contribution. The Present Study Examines The Relationship... Employee Engagement Has Emerged As A Critical Factor Influencing Organizational Performance, Particularly In The Healthcare Sector Where Service Quality And Efficiency Depend Heavily On Human Contribution. The Present Study Examines The Relationship Between Employee Engagement And Organizational Performance At Schiller Healthcare India Pvt. Ltd., A Leading Player In The Medical Technology Industry. The Problem Observed Is That While Organizations Recognize The Importance Of Employee Engagement, Many Lack Clarities On How Engagement Levels Directly Influence Productivity, Retention, And Overall Performance Outcomes. The Study Adopts A Descriptive Research Design And Uses Primary Data Collected From 120 Employees Through A Structured Questionnaire Based On A Five-point Likert Scale. Statistical Tools Such As Correlation And Regression Analysis Were Used To Measure The Strength Of The Relationship Between Engagement Factors And Performance Indicators. The Findings Reveal That Managerial Support, Recognition, Career Development Opportunities, And Work Environment Significantly Enhance Employee Engagement, Which In Turn Leads To Improved Job Performance, Organizational Commitment, And Reduced Turnover Intention. The Study Provides Practical Implications For HR Managers, Suggesting That Strengthening Communication Systems, Performance Feedback, And Employee Development Initiatives Are Essential For Fostering A High-engagement Culture. Read more Read less

Design And Modeling Wind Energy Conversion System Using CAD Modeling And Simulation

In The Recent Years Wind Power Is Broadly Considered And Utilized Asone Of The Most Promising Renewable Energy Sources. In The Recentresearch Study, Aerodynamic Analysis Of Horizontal Axis Turbine Is Accomplished By Using CFD. Blades Which Are Mostly... In The Recent Years Wind Power Is Broadly Considered And Utilized Asone Of The Most Promising Renewable Energy Sources. In The Recentresearch Study, Aerodynamic Analysis Of Horizontal Axis Turbine Is Accomplished By Using CFD. Blades Which Are Mostly Feasible For Commercial Grade Wind Turbines Embody A Straight Span-wise Profile Along With Airfoil Shaped Cross Sections.Wind Tunnel Test Is Implemented In Order To Test Aerodynamic Efficiency Wind Turbine Blade. The Objective Of This Study Is To Design A Wind Turbine. The Design Process Includes The Selection Of The Solar System For Maximum Efficiency And Wind Turbine Type And The Determination Of The Blade Airfoil, Pitch Angle Distribution Along The Radius, And Chord Length Distribution Along The Radius. The Pitch Angle And Chord Length Distributions Are Optimized Based On Conservation Of Angular Momentum And Theory Of Aerodynamic Forces On An Airfoil. Blade Element Momentum (BEM) Theory Is First Derived Then Used To Conduct A Parametric Study That Will Determine If The Optimized Values Of Blade Pitch And Chord Length Create The Most Efficient Blade Geometry. This Work Includes A Discussion Of The Most Important Parameters In Wind Turbine Blade Design To Maximize Efficiency. Read more Read less

A Comparative Study Of SVD And NMF For Semantic Text Clustering Using KMeans

The Exponential Growth Of Unstructured Text Data, Such As News Articles, Social Media Posts, And Online Discussions, Has Created The Need For Effective Methods Of Semantic Organisation. Text Clustering Plays A Vital Role In This Context By Grouping S... The Exponential Growth Of Unstructured Text Data, Such As News Articles, Social Media Posts, And Online Discussions, Has Created The Need For Effective Methods Of Semantic Organisation. Text Clustering Plays A Vital Role In This Context By Grouping Similar Documents Without Labelled Data. However, The Inherent Challenges Of High Dimensionality And Sparsity In Textual Representations Hinder Clustering Performance. To Address This, Dimensionality Reduction Techniques Are Integrated With Clustering Algorithms. This Paper Presents A Comparative Study Of Two Approaches: Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) Combined With KMeans And Non-negative Matrix Factorisation (NMF) Combined With KMeans. The Experiments Were Conducted Using The 20 Newsgroups Dataset In MATLAB R2024b, With TF-IDF Employed As The Feature Extraction Technique. Results Demonstrate That SVD + KMeans Achieved Superior Clustering Accuracy With A Normalised Mutual Information (NMI) Score Of Approximately 0.55 On The Training Set And 0.50 On The Test Set, Whereas NMF + KMeans Attained Moderate Accuracy (NMI ≈ 0.45) But Offered More Interpretable, Topic-based Clusters. These Findings Confirm The Trade-off Between Accuracy And Interpretability, Suggesting That Method Selection Should Be Based On Specific Application Requirements. The Study Contributes By Providing A Reproducible MATLAB-based Framework And Offering Insights Into The Suitability Of Dimensionality Reduction Strategies For Large-scale Text Clustering. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON THE DETERMINATES EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON JOB PERFORMANCE AT SUPREME INDUSTRIES LIMITED

Employee Engagement Has Emerged As A Crucial Element For Organizational Success In Today’s Competitive Environment. It Reflects The Emotional And Psychological Bond Employees Share With Their Work, Colleagues, And Organization, Influencing Their Moti... Employee Engagement Has Emerged As A Crucial Element For Organizational Success In Today’s Competitive Environment. It Reflects The Emotional And Psychological Bond Employees Share With Their Work, Colleagues, And Organization, Influencing Their Motivation, Satisfaction, And Overall Contribution. In Manufacturing Companies Like Supreme Industries Limited, Engagement Becomes Particularly Important Since Disengagement Can Lead To Absenteeism, Reduced Efficiency, Low Morale, And High Turnover, Directly Affecting Performance. The Introduction Emphasizes That Engagement Is Shaped By Leadership Style, Communication Practices, Organizational Culture, Recognition Systems, And Career Development Opportunities. When Employees Perceive Fairness, Support, And Growth Prospects, Their Commitment Rises, While Lack Of Recognition And Poor Management Can Result In Disengagement. Engaged Employees Demonstrate Adaptability, Innovation, And Collaboration, Which Enhance Productivity, Efficiency, And Quality. By Highlighting The Direct And Multidimensional Link Between Engagement And Job Performance, The Introduction Establishes The Need For Organizations To Strengthen Engagement Drivers And Create A Motivated, High-performing Workforce. Read more Read less

Impact Of Government Policies On Mahila Bachat Gats In India

A Study On Risk And Returns Of Selected SBI Mutual Fund Schemes

This Study Examines The Relationship Between Risk And Returns Of Selected SBI Mutual Fund Schemes In India. The Purpose Is To Evaluate The Performance Efficiency Of Various Categories Of Funds Offered By SBI Mutual Fund. Five Schemes Were Selected: S... This Study Examines The Relationship Between Risk And Returns Of Selected SBI Mutual Fund Schemes In India. The Purpose Is To Evaluate The Performance Efficiency Of Various Categories Of Funds Offered By SBI Mutual Fund. Five Schemes Were Selected: SBI Blue Chip Fund, SBI Small Cap Fund, SBI Magnum Midcap Fund, SBI Banking And Financial Services Fund, And SBI Infrastructure Fund. The Study Is Based On Secondary Data Collected From AMFI, Value Research, And Official SBI Mutual Fund Reports. Risk And Return Were Analyzed Using Statistical Tools Such As Standard Deviation, Beta, And Sharpe Ratio. Standard Deviation Measured Volatility, Beta Assessed Market Sensitivity, And The Sharpe Ratio Evaluated Risk-adjusted Returns. Results Indicated That Small-cap And Midcap Funds Achieved The Highest Returns But Were Highly Volatile. Large-cap Funds Like SBI Blue Chip Fund Offered Moderate And Stable Returns With Lower Risk. Sectoral Funds Showed Cyclical Performance Depending On Market Trends. Overall, A Positive Correlation Between Risk And Return Was Observed Among All Schemes. Funds With Higher Risk Potential Yielded Higher Returns Over The Study Period. Sharpe Ratio Results Revealed That SBI Magnum Midcap Fund Provided The Best Risk-adjusted Performance. Read more Read less

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF LEAF SPRING WITH A FINITE COMPONENT TECHNIQUE BY COMPOSITE MATERIAL OFFER HIGH STRENGTH AND LIGHT WEIGHT OF SMALL SEGMENTATION

The Mechanics Of Composite Material Laid The Foundation For The Utilization Of Composites In Various Fields. The Demand Of Composite Materials Has Been Highly Augmented In Vehicle Industry. In This Work, I Investigated The Use Of Composite Material F... The Mechanics Of Composite Material Laid The Foundation For The Utilization Of Composites In Various Fields. The Demand Of Composite Materials Has Been Highly Augmented In Vehicle Industry. In This Work, I Investigated The Use Of Composite Material For Leaf Spring Of Light Weight Vehicles. For This Purpose, I Selected The Leaf Spring Of Suzuki Mehran Car For The Study. The Main Goal Of This E Ort Is To Obtain Optimal Geometry For Leaf Spring With Light Weight And That Can Sustain External Loading Without Failure. The Analytical And Numerical Analysis Were Performed On The Leaf Spring Under Static Loads. The Values Of Stress And Detection Obtained From Numerical Analysis Were Verified By Analytical Analysis While Optimization Was Performed On The Basis Of The Results Obtained From Static Stress Analysis To Decrease The Weight Of The Composite Leaf Spring While Conserving Its Strength. Also, The Dynamic Analysis Was Performed To Determine Maximum Cycles Of Fail Grounder Dynamic Loads. Moreover, Stresses Against Each Dynamic Load Were Also Determined. The Composites Used To Design Such Leaf Spring Were Kevlar/epoxy And E-glass/Epoxy. The Results Of Values Of Stresses And Detection Obtained From Analytical And Numerical Analysis For Composite Leaf Spring Were Compared And Are In Compliance. The Results Of Optimization Showed A Linear Variation Of Width With Length And Linear Variation In Thickness Along The Length From Eyes To The Axle Seat. The Proposed Optimization Method Can Be Efficiently Used To Reduce The Weight Of The Springs. However, The Modal Analysis Showed That Natural Frequency Of The Composite Leaf Springs Was Higher Than The Steel Leaf Spring. Finally, The Result Of Dynamic Analysis Shows That Kevlar/Epoxy Leaf Spring Has Better Tendency To Sustain Dynamic Loads Up To 90000 Cycles At The Speed Of 120 Km/h As Compared To E-glass/Epoxy Leaf Spring Which Can Sustain Dynamic Loads Up To 60000 Cycles At The Speed Of 120km/h. Furthermore, Comparison Based On Strength And Weight Among Both Conventional And Composites-based Leaf Spring Was Conducted. Read more Read less

STRUCTURAL DESIGN AND STRESS ANALYSIS OF A FRONT AXLE FOR A 4GNR HEAVY COMMERCIAL VEHICLE

Front Axle Carries The Weight Of Front Part Of The Automobile, As Well As Facilitates Steering And Absorbs Shocks Due To Road Surface Variations. The Front Axle Is Designed To Transmit The Weight Of The Automobile Front The Spring To The Front Wheels... Front Axle Carries The Weight Of Front Part Of The Automobile, As Well As Facilitates Steering And Absorbs Shocks Due To Road Surface Variations. The Front Axle Is Designed To Transmit The Weight Of The Automobile Front The Spring To The Front Wheels, Turning Right And Left As Required. So Proper Design Of Front Axle Beam Is Extremely Crucial. The Paper Deals With Design And Analysis Of Front Axle. The Same Analysis With Help Of FE Results Were Compared With Analytical Design. For Which Paper Has Been Divided In To Two Steps. In The First Step Front Axle Was Design By Analytical Method. For This Vehicle Specification – Its Gross Weight, Payload Capacity, Braking Torque Used For Subject To Matter To Find The Principle Stresses & Deflection In The Beam Has Been Used. In The Second Step Front Axle Were Modelled In CAD Software & Analysis In ANSYS Software Read more Read less

Next-Gen Industrial Safety: AI-Driven Wearable Equipment Detection And Emergency Alert

Ensuring Worker Safety In Industrial Settings Is A Persistent Challenge Due To Hazardous Environments, Equipment Failure, And Limited Human Supervision. This Paper Introduces A Smart Industrial Safety Wearable Device Integrated With Artificial Intell... Ensuring Worker Safety In Industrial Settings Is A Persistent Challenge Due To Hazardous Environments, Equipment Failure, And Limited Human Supervision. This Paper Introduces A Smart Industrial Safety Wearable Device Integrated With Artificial Intelligence (AI) And Internet Of Things (IoT) Technologies To Proactively Identify Risks, Monitor Conditions, And Generate Real-time Alerts. The Proposed Wearable System Captures Physiological Parameters Such As Heart Rate And Body Temperature, Along With Environmental Data Like Gas Levels, Humidity, And Ambient Temperature. An AI-based Predictive Model Analyzes These Readings To Forecast Potential Hazards And Automatically Notify Both Workers And Control Centers. The System Enhances Workplace Safety, Reduces Human Errors, And Promotes Data-driven Preventive Actions. Read more Read less

A Study On Working Capital Management In Mpl Light Vehicle Pvt Ltd

The Study Focuses On Analyzing The Working Capital Management Of MPL Light Vehicles Pvt. Ltd., A Dealership Of Ashok Leyland In Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu. Working Capital Management Ensures Liquidity, Operational Efficiency, And Profitability. The Resear... The Study Focuses On Analyzing The Working Capital Management Of MPL Light Vehicles Pvt. Ltd., A Dealership Of Ashok Leyland In Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu. Working Capital Management Ensures Liquidity, Operational Efficiency, And Profitability. The Research Aims To Examine The Company’s Liquidity, Profitability, And Financial Performance. It Uses Tools Like Ratio Analysis And Statements Of Changes In Working Capital. The Study Is Based On Secondary Data From Annual Reports For 2020–2024.Findings Show That Current And Quick Ratios Improved Gradually. This Reflects Better Short-term Financial Stability. However, The Cash Ratio Remained Inconsistent. Profitability Ratios Such As Gross Profit And Net Profit Showed An Upward Trend. This Indicates Effective Cost Control And Operational Growth. The Working Capital Turnover Ratio Fluctuated Significantly. Such Variations Suggest Irregular Management Of Short-term Assets And Liabilities. The Study Concludes That MPL Light Vehicles Achieved Notable Profitability Growth. However, Consistency In Liquidity And Cash Flow Management Is Still Needed. Effective Planning And Improved Working Capital Monitoring Are Recommended For Long-term Sustainability. Read more Read less

A Study On Working Capital Management And It's Impact On Profitability At VB Foam Manufacturing Company

This Study Examines The Relationship Between Working Capital Management (WCM) And Profitability At VB Foam Manufacturing Of Polyurethane Foam & Allied Products, A Puducherry-based Company. The Research Analyzes Secondary Financial Data From 2020 To 2... This Study Examines The Relationship Between Working Capital Management (WCM) And Profitability At VB Foam Manufacturing Of Polyurethane Foam & Allied Products, A Puducherry-based Company. The Research Analyzes Secondary Financial Data From 2020 To 2024, Including Balance Sheets And Profit And Loss Accounts. The Primary Objectives Are To Study The Components Of Working Capital And Assess Their Impact On The Firm's Profitability Using Ratio Analysis And Regression. Key Findings Reveal A Significant Deterioration In Financial Health In 2024. Despite Strong Receivable Collections, The Company's Liquidity Weakened, With The Current Ratio Falling From 1.54 To 1.20. Profitability Collapsed, As The Net Profit Margin Plummeted From 10.46% In 2023 To Just 0.10% In 2024, Driven By Rising Short-term Borrowings And Inefficient Asset Utilization. Regression Analysis Indicated That Working Capital Turnover Did Not Have A Statistically Significant Impact On Profitability (p > 0.05). The Study Concludes That While VB Foam Showed Past Efficiencies, Its Recent Sharp Decline Necessitates Urgent Improvements In Cash Management, Debt Reduction, And Asset Optimization To Ensure Financial Stability. Read more Read less

Kinder Joy Marketing Strategy In India

This Paper Analyses Ferrero’s Kinder Joy Brand Strategy, Focusing On India. Kinder Joy A Children’s Confectionery By Ferrero Group – Was Introduced Globally In 2001 And Launched In India In 2007. Using Secondary Data And Standard Marketing Framework... This Paper Analyses Ferrero’s Kinder Joy Brand Strategy, Focusing On India. Kinder Joy A Children’s Confectionery By Ferrero Group – Was Introduced Globally In 2001 And Launched In India In 2007. Using Secondary Data And Standard Marketing Frameworks (STP, SWOT, 4Ps), We Examine How Kinder Joy Positioned Itself In India’s Large But Challenging FMCG Market. Key Findings Are That Kinder Joy Exploited An Untapped “children’s Confectionery” Niche With An Emotional Surprise Element, Achieving Notable Market Share (Ferrero India Grew To 9.2% Of The Chocolate Market) Despite Intense Competition. The Brand’s Strategy Centred On Product Innovation (toy Surprise, Gender Variants, Educational Apps), Premium Pricing (₹40), Widespread Distribution (500k Outlets), And Digital Promotion (TV Campaigns, Apps). We Discuss Segmentation (targeting Kids And Their Mothers), Positioning (“special Surprise” Bonding), And The 4Ps (unique Product, “affordable Premium” Price, Wide Place, Promotions Including Social Media). We Compare Kinder Joy To Competitors (Cadbury, Nestlé, Mars) And Find It Holds A Blue Ocean Niche. Finally, We Offer Strategic Recommendations (e.g., Rural SKUs, Richer Product Line, Omnichannel Engagement) To Sustain Growth. This Study Uses Academic And Industry Sources To Ground Its Analysis And Concludes That Kinder Joy’s Emotional Branding And Market Focus Have Driven Its Success, With Room For Further Expansion. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON ANALYSIS OF NON-PERFORMING ASSETS IN STATE BANK OF INDIA AND ITS IMPACT ON PROFITABILITY

This Study Conducts A Comprehensive Empirical Analysis Of Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) In The State Bank Of India (SBI) To Assess Their Impact On The Bank's Financial Performance Over The Five-year Period From 2021 To 2025. NPAs Represent The Single... This Study Conducts A Comprehensive Empirical Analysis Of Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) In The State Bank Of India (SBI) To Assess Their Impact On The Bank's Financial Performance Over The Five-year Period From 2021 To 2025. NPAs Represent The Single Largest Cause Of Concern For The Indian Banking Sector, Threatening Profitability And Financial Stability. The Research Utilizes Secondary Data From SBI's Published Annual Reports, Applying Ratio Analysis, Trend Analysis, And Correlation/regression Techniques. The Analysis Reveals A Significant And Consistent Decline In Both Gross NPA (GNPA) Ratio (from 5.16% In 2021 To 1.85% In 2025) And Net NPA (NNPA) Ratio (from 2% To 0.47%), Indicating Effective Risk Management And Recovery Mechanisms. The Findings Confirm A Strong Inverse Correlation Between NPA Levels And Profitability Indicators Like Return On Assets (ROA) And Return On Equity (ROE). The Study Concludes That SBI's Sustained Financial Health And Leadership In The Public Sector Banking Space Are Directly Dependent On Its Ability To Maintain Control Over Asset Quality And Strengthen Its Credit Appraisal Framework. Read more Read less

Transitioning To A Five-Day Workweek: A Scenario Analysis Of Its Impact On Well- Being And Employee Retention In A Six-Day Work Culture At Xobo Technologies

This Study Examines The Impact Of Transitioning From A Six-day To A Five-day Workweek At XOBO Technologies, Where Some Employees Already Follow A Five-day Schedule While Others Work Six Days. Using A Descriptive, Scenario-based Quantitative Approach,... This Study Examines The Impact Of Transitioning From A Six-day To A Five-day Workweek At XOBO Technologies, Where Some Employees Already Follow A Five-day Schedule While Others Work Six Days. Using A Descriptive, Scenario-based Quantitative Approach, Data Were Collected Through A Structured Questionnaire And Analyzed Using SPSS And Excel. The Results Show That Although Employees Are Generally Satisfied With Their Jobs, Many Experience Stress And Poor Work-life Balance Under The Six-day System. Nearly Three-fourths Of Respondents Preferred A Five-day Workweek, Believing It Would Enhance Their Well-being And Retention. The Study Concludes That Shifting To A Five-day Workweek Is Both Feasible And Beneficial, As It Would Reduce Stress, Improve Work-life Balance, And Make The Organization More Employee-oriented. Read more Read less

Assessment Of Ferrochrome Slag As An Alternative Material For Civil Engineering Applications

Ferrochrome Slag, A By-product Of Ferrochrome Production, Can Be Utilized As An Alternative Material In Civil Engineering. This Study Evaluates Its Physical, Chemical, And Mechanical Properties Through Various Tests. Results Show Good Strength, Hardn... Ferrochrome Slag, A By-product Of Ferrochrome Production, Can Be Utilized As An Alternative Material In Civil Engineering. This Study Evaluates Its Physical, Chemical, And Mechanical Properties Through Various Tests. Results Show Good Strength, Hardness, And Stability, Making It Suitable For Use In Concrete, Roads, And Embankments. The Analysis Confirms Its Environmental Safety And Potential For Sustainable Construction By Reducing Industrial Waste And Conserving Natural Resources. Read more Read less

Research Paper On Design And Implementation Of An Online Prison Management System

This Project Titled “Design And Implementation Of An Online Prison Management System” Is Built In In The View Of Providing Management Software For Handling The Inner Working Of Any Small Jail Across The Country. Since Most Popular Jail In NIGERIA Kno... This Project Titled “Design And Implementation Of An Online Prison Management System” Is Built In In The View Of Providing Management Software For Handling The Inner Working Of Any Small Jail Across The Country. Since Most Popular Jail In NIGERIA Known As New Prison Jail Maiduguri Already Provide Certain Recreational Facilities And Has A Very Strong Management System For Their Working. However, Our Research We Found Out That Most Of The Jails In India Does Not Have An Inner Proper Management System For Handling All The Activities Taking Place In The Inner Premises Of A Jail And This Could Be Improvised To A Great Extent And Thus Could Be Considered Useful Soon. This Report Is Basically Based On Main Five Sections Which Include – Introduction And Actuation, Literature Review, Design Modules, Implementation, Benefits And Scalability. Introduction And Actuation Deals With The Details Of Facilities Offered With Aim Of Transformation Of Prisoners Over The Years Of Their Sentence So That They Don’t Behave I The Similar Way They Did Before, It Also Elaborates The Inspiration Taken From Maiduguri, Former IPS Who Had A Vision Of Transforming Criminals Into Civilized Human Beings. The Next Section- Literature Review Contains Details Of 2 Papers And 1 Case Study Which We Went Through Before Creating Design Structure For Our Project. Read more Read less

ONLINE JOB PORTAL FOR PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT OFFICE OF THE NIGERIA

Personnel Management Office (PMO) Serves As Hub For Human Resources Management And Development Within The Civil Service Of The Nigeria. It Plays A Crucial Role In Managing The Country’s Human Resource, Which Includes Recruitment For Various Governmen... Personnel Management Office (PMO) Serves As Hub For Human Resources Management And Development Within The Civil Service Of The Nigeria. It Plays A Crucial Role In Managing The Country’s Human Resource, Which Includes Recruitment For Various Government Positions. Currently, While PMO Runs A Website Where Job Application Form Can Be Downloaded, Government Vacancies Are Mostly Advertised Through Print Media (Newspaper), Social Media, Television And Radio. Traditionally, The Recruitment Process Has Been Manual, Which Requires Applicants To Download, Physically Complete, And Submit The Written Application In Person. This Usually Resulted To Delay And Time Consuming. Therefore, The Implementation Of An Online Job Portal For PMO Will Revolutionized The Recruitment Process By Shifting From The Manual To A Digitalize Or Online System. Through This Portal, PMO Will Have The Opportunities To Post Job Vacancies, While Jobseekers Will Have The Opportunities To Register, Upload Their CVs, And Apply For Vacancies. This Digital Solution Will Enhance The Efficiency Of The Recruitment Process In The Civil Service, Which Will Expediate Communication Thus Benefit Both Jobseekers And PMO. Read more Read less

A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR MULTI-OBJECTIVE TASK SCHEDULING IN CLOUD ENVIRONMENT

Cloud Computing Ia Dominant Model Which Provides Many Computing Services Via Internet. Cloud Performance Can Be Optimized By Using Efficient Task Scheduling Models Which Determines How The Available Virtualized Resources Are Mapped With The User Task... Cloud Computing Ia Dominant Model Which Provides Many Computing Services Via Internet. Cloud Performance Can Be Optimized By Using Efficient Task Scheduling Models Which Determines How The Available Virtualized Resources Are Mapped With The User Tasks. There Are Many Traditional Scheduling Algorithms Which Emphasize On Single Objective Such As Load Balancing Or Resource Utilization. Now The Cloud Environment Needs Multi Objective Optimization Which Includes Many Parameters Like Cost, Quality Of Service, Resource Utilization, Energy Consumption Etc. This Paper Explains A Conceptual Framework For A Multi Objective Task Scheduling In Cloud Environment. Thus Proposed Framework Focuses On Obectives Like Minimization Of Makespan, Reduces The Execution Cost, Increases The Resource Utilization And Minimization Of Energy Consumption. Read more Read less

Biosecurity Farm Portal

The Biosecurity Farm Portal Is An Innovative Web-based Platform Designed To Help Farmers Monitor, Manage, And Prevent Biological Threats On Their Farms. The Main Goal Of This System Is To Enhance Farm Biosecurity By Providing Digital Tools For Diseas... The Biosecurity Farm Portal Is An Innovative Web-based Platform Designed To Help Farmers Monitor, Manage, And Prevent Biological Threats On Their Farms. The Main Goal Of This System Is To Enhance Farm Biosecurity By Providing Digital Tools For Disease Detection, Livestock Health Tracking, And Environmental Monitoring. The Portal Integrates Technologies Such As Data Analytics And IoT-based Sensors To Collect And Analyze Farm Data In Real Time, Enabling Early Detection Of Potential Outbreaks. It Also Offers Secure Data Storage, Alerts, And Reporting Features To Help Farmers Make Informed Decisions And Maintain Compliance With Biosecurity Regulations. This Project Aims To Minimize Risks Related To Infections, Contamination, And Environmental Hazards, Ensuring Safer And More Sustainable Agricultural Practices. By Providing A User-friendly Interface And Accessible Digital Tools, The Biosecurity Farm Portal Supports Modern, Technology-driven Farming While Promoting Animal Welfare And Food Safety. Read more Read less

Influencer Marketing Vs Traditional Advertising: Comparative Study Of Consumer Trust

In Today’s Digital Era, Marketing Strategies Are Rapidly Evolving From Traditional Advertising Methods Such As Television, Print, And Radio To Modern Influencer-driven Campaigns On Social Media. This Study Explores The Comparative Impact Of Influence... In Today’s Digital Era, Marketing Strategies Are Rapidly Evolving From Traditional Advertising Methods Such As Television, Print, And Radio To Modern Influencer-driven Campaigns On Social Media. This Study Explores The Comparative Impact Of Influencer Marketing And Traditional Advertising On Consumer Trust. The Research Investigates How Consumers Perceive Authenticity, Credibility, And Emotional Connection In Both Approaches. Using Surveys And Case Analyses, The Study Examines Factors Such As Source Credibility, Engagement Levels, And Purchase Intentions. Findings Suggest That Influencer Marketing Tends To Generate Higher Consumer Trust Due To Perceived Authenticity And Relatability, While Traditional Advertising Still Holds Strength In Brand Recognition And Reach. The Paper Concludes That Integrating Both Strategies Can Help Brands Balance Emotional Influence With Professional Credibility, Ultimately Enhancing Long-term Consumer Loyalty. Read more Read less

SMART CULTIVATOT WITH A VISION SYSTEM

This Paper Presents The Design And Development Of A Compact, Autonomous Agricultural Robot — The Smart Cultivator — Specifically Tailored For Small‑scale Farms. The Proposed System Integrates A High‑resolution Vision Subsystem With Onboard Embedded P... This Paper Presents The Design And Development Of A Compact, Autonomous Agricultural Robot — The Smart Cultivator — Specifically Tailored For Small‑scale Farms. The Proposed System Integrates A High‑resolution Vision Subsystem With Onboard Embedded Processing To Identify Weeds, Pests, And Nutrient‑deficient Plants In Real Time; It Then Relates Each Detected Issue To A Geo‑referenced Location Within The Field. By Combining This Intelligent Monitoring With Precision Mechanical Cultivation Tools And Water‑runoff Management Accessories, The System Aims To Reduce Manual Labor, Avoid Wholesale Spraying Of Chemicals, And Deliver Data‑driven Insights Into Crop Health And Soil Conditions. Unlike Large Industrial Platforms, The Smart Cultivator Is Designed For Affordability, Adaptability For Smallholder Plots, And Sustainable Operation. Experimental Field Trials Demonstrate That The System Can Detect Common Weed Species, Differentiate Target Crops, And Execute Row‑specific Mechanical Weeding With Repeatable Accuracy. The Integrated Approach Fosters Higher Crop Yields, Reduced Operational Cost, And Supports Farmers’ Decision‑making By Logging Operational Metrics And Imagery In A Cloud Database. Read more Read less

AI Meets Nature: Crop Disease Detection With Organic Remedy Recommendations

Food Security And Sustainable Agriculture Are Critical Global Priorities, Yet Current Farming Practices Heavily Reliant On Chemical Pesticides Continue To Degrade Soil Health, Reduce Biodiversity, And Pose Risks To Human Well-being. Most Existing AI-... Food Security And Sustainable Agriculture Are Critical Global Priorities, Yet Current Farming Practices Heavily Reliant On Chemical Pesticides Continue To Degrade Soil Health, Reduce Biodiversity, And Pose Risks To Human Well-being. Most Existing AI-based Crop Disease Detection Systems Focus Solely On Classification And, When Treatment Suggestions Are Provided, They Predominantly Recommend Synthetic Chemicals. Such Approaches Address The Symptom But Further Harm Long-term Soil Fertility And Ecosystem Balance. This Project Presents An Intelligent, Eco-friendly, Web-based AI Platform That Not Only Detects Crop Diseases With High Accuracy But Also Recommends Sustainable, Organic Treatments. Advancing Beyond Conventional Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Models Used In Prior Work, The Proposed System Leverages Vision Transformers (ViT) For Superior Global Feature Extraction, Enabling Robust Detection Of Subtle Disease Patterns Even Under Challenging Image Conditions. To Enhance Interpretability And Facilitate Precise Localization Of Infected Areas, ViT-based Segmentation Techniques Are Integrated, Allowing Clear Visual Mapping Of Diseased Regions For Better Understanding And Validation. In Addition To Detection, The Platform Incorporates A Curated Knowledge Base Of Organic And Indigenous Remedies, Rooted In Traditional Farming Wisdom And Validated Through Modern Agronomic Research. This Integration Significantly Reduces Dependence On Harmful Chemicals, Promoting Cost-effective, Environmentally Responsible Practices That Enhance Soil Fertility And Crop Resilience. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT ON PRODUCTIVITY AT GENERAL CONNECTORS INDIA PVT. LTD.

In Today’s Dynamic Business Environment, Employee Engagement Has Become A Crucial Factor In Achieving Organizational Success. This Study Focuses On Analyzing The Relationship Between Employee Engagement And Productivity At General Connectors India Pv... In Today’s Dynamic Business Environment, Employee Engagement Has Become A Crucial Factor In Achieving Organizational Success. This Study Focuses On Analyzing The Relationship Between Employee Engagement And Productivity At General Connectors India Pvt. Ltd. The Research Aims To Understand How Factors Such As Recognition, Company Culture, Leadership Communication, Mental Health Support, And Mentorship Affect Employee Satisfaction And Performance. A Descriptive Research Design Was Adopted, And Data Were Collected From 150 Respondents Through A Structured Questionnaire. Statistical Tools Like ANOVA, Correlation, And Regression Were Applied For Data Analysis. The Results Reveal A Strong Positive Relationship Between Employee Engagement And Productivity, With Recognition, Communication, And Company Culture Emerging As The Most Influential Factors. The Study Concludes That Promoting A Culture Of Trust, Transparency, And Recognition Can Significantly Enhance Employee Motivation, Commitment, And Overall Organizational Performance. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON INVENTORY MANAGEMENT OF UCAL POLYMER INDUSTRIES LIMITED

In The Contemporary Manufacturing Landscape, Efficient Inventory Management Is Crucial For Ensuring Uninterrupted Production, Cost Minimization, And Sustainable Profitability. This Study, Titled “A Study On Inventory Management Of UCAL Polymer Indust... In The Contemporary Manufacturing Landscape, Efficient Inventory Management Is Crucial For Ensuring Uninterrupted Production, Cost Minimization, And Sustainable Profitability. This Study, Titled “A Study On Inventory Management Of UCAL Polymer Industries Ltd.”, Examines The Company’s Inventory Management System To Evaluate Its Effectiveness In Maintaining Operational Efficiency And Financial Stability. The Research Highlights The Significance Of Maintaining An Optimal Balance Between Inventory Investment And Production Requirements To Achieve Smooth Operations And Cost Efficiency. The Study Utilizes Both Primary And Secondary Data To Analyze The Firm’s Inventory Control Techniques, Including Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), Reorder Levels, And Material Handling Systems. Analytical Tools Such As The Inventory Turnover Ratio And ABC Analysis Were Employed To Assess Performance And Control Efficiency. The Findings Reveal That While UCAL Polymer Industries Maintains A Stable Supply Chain, Excess Inventory Levels And Delays In Material Movement Occasionally Hinder Cost Control. The Study Concludes That Adopting Scientific Inventory Management Techniques And Improving Coordination Between The Production And Procurement Departments Can Enhance Inventory Efficiency And Reduce Holding Costs Read more Read less

IoT Scanner For Securing Connected Assets In Smart Systems

The Rapid Rise Of Smart Infrastructure Has Brought With It A Surge In Connected IoT Devices Across Offices, Industries, And Public Spaces. This Connectivity Improves Efficiency, But It Also Widens The Door For Misuse, Cyberattacks, And Overlooked Ass... The Rapid Rise Of Smart Infrastructure Has Brought With It A Surge In Connected IoT Devices Across Offices, Industries, And Public Spaces. This Connectivity Improves Efficiency, But It Also Widens The Door For Misuse, Cyberattacks, And Overlooked Asset Depreciation. Conventional Asset Tracking Systems Largely Focus On Inventory Counts, Rarely Linking Security Status With Asset Health. Our Work Introduces An IoT Scanner For Securing Connected Assets In Smart Systems — A Python–Django Framework That Ties Together Asset Flow Monitoring, Vulnerability Scanning, And Anomaly Detection. It Identifies Devices On The Network Through Active And Passive Scans, Profiles Their Security Posture, And Flags Abnormal Behaviour. Depreciation Is Automatically Computed At Set Intervals, And A Plotlybased Dashboard Presents Security Status, Anomalies, And Value Trends In One View. In Controlled Smart Office And Industrial IoT Setups, The System Reached 96% Accuracy In Vulnerability Detection And 94% In Anomaly Recognition, Exceeding The Performance Of Standard Scanners. The Proposed Approach Delivers A Practical, Scalable Means Of Protecting Modern Connected Environments While Supporting Smarter Asset Management. Read more Read less

Contemporary Expressions: The Intersection Of Indian Art, Culture, And Society

The Role Of Society And Culture In Shaping Indian Contemporary Art Examines How The Socio-cultural Landscape Of India Has Profoundly Influenced The Evolution Of Its Contemporary Art Scene. This Paper Delves Into The Intersection Of Tradition And Mode... The Role Of Society And Culture In Shaping Indian Contemporary Art Examines How The Socio-cultural Landscape Of India Has Profoundly Influenced The Evolution Of Its Contemporary Art Scene. This Paper Delves Into The Intersection Of Tradition And Modernity, Exploring How Societal Values, Political Dynamics, And Cultural Practices Impact Artistic Expression In India. By Analyzing The Works Of Prominent Contemporary Indian Artists, The Paper Investigates Themes Such As Identity, Gender, Class, And Nationalism, Revealing How These Issues Are Reflected And Challenged Through Various Mediums, Including Visual Arts, Installations, And Performances. Furthermore, It Explores How Global Influences, Alongside Regional And Local Contexts, Contribute To The Unique Characteristics Of Contemporary Indian Art. The Study Underscores The Role Of Art In Both Responding To And Shaping Societal Changes, Offering A Powerful Means Of Dialogue Between The Past And The Present, While Pushing The Boundaries Of Cultural Norms. Contemporary Art In India Is A Significant And Diverse Field, Reflecting The Country’s Broad Cultural And Social Heritage. While Indian Contemporary Art Honors Its Historical Traditions, It Also Incorporates Modernity. Contemporary Indian Artists Often Create Art That Addresses Social, Cultural, And Political Issues, Such As Caste, Gender, The Environment, And Human Rights. A Key Feature Of Contemporary Indian Art Is The Fusion Of Tradition And Modernity. Although Contemporary Indian Artists Create With An Awareness Of Global Trends, They Also Remain Deeply Rooted In Local Traditions, History, And Culture. This Fusion Of Local And Global Influences Is A Defining Characteristic Of Contemporary Indian Art, Contributing To Its Significant Impact On The Global Art Scene. Through This Analysis, Emphasizes How Indian Art Today Is Not Just An Aesthetic Practice But A Cultural Statement, Where Societal Values And Global Interconnectedness Shape Artistic Expression In Multifaceted Ways. Read more Read less

A Study On The Impact Of Shift Work On Employee Health At Chengalrayan Co-operative Sugar Mills

Shift Work Has Emerged As An Essential Element Of Industrial Operations, Ensuring Continuous Production And Service Delivery In Sectors Such As Manufacturing, Healthcare, And Sugar Processing. Despite Its Economic Advantages, Shift Work Has Been Asso... Shift Work Has Emerged As An Essential Element Of Industrial Operations, Ensuring Continuous Production And Service Delivery In Sectors Such As Manufacturing, Healthcare, And Sugar Processing. Despite Its Economic Advantages, Shift Work Has Been Associated With Numerous Physiological, Psychological, And Social Consequences For Employees. This Study Explores The Multifaceted Impact Of Shift Work On Employee Health With A Specific Focus On Chengalrayan Co-operative Sugar Mills, Villupuram District, Tamil Nadu. Using A Descriptive Research Design, Primary Data Was Collected From 100 Employees Through Structured Questionnaires, And Analyzed Using ANOVA, Pearson Correlation, And Regression Analysis. The Study Reveals That Irregular Working Hours, Night Shifts, And Rotational Schedules Contribute Significantly To Fatigue, Mental Stress, And Reduced Concentration Levels Among Employees. It Also Identifies Gaps In Employee Wellness Programs And Highlights The Importance Of Management Interventions In Promoting Occupational Health. The Findings Emphasize That Shift Work Should Be Managed Strategically To Balance Productivity With Worker Well-being. Read more Read less

INDEPENDENCE AND INDIAN ARCHITECTURE

Style Of Many Styles Can Be Defined As Indian Architectural Style. A Nation With Multiple Varieties Is Beautifully Structured With Its Very Own Architectural Style. Though In India Pre-independence Era Was Under Influence Of British, Portugal And Man... Style Of Many Styles Can Be Defined As Indian Architectural Style. A Nation With Multiple Varieties Is Beautifully Structured With Its Very Own Architectural Style. Though In India Pre-independence Era Was Under Influence Of British, Portugal And Many Other Colonial Powers, The Country Developed Its Own Identity With Various Forms Of Art. Architecture Was One Of The Ways To Express And Educate The Independent India With Its Own Culture And Heritage. Today We Can See Many Such Architectural Marvels Which Are Vocal And Contributing In Conservation Of Art And Culture. Looking At Some Examples We Have Lotus Temple In Delhi, Gandhi Ashram In Gujarat, Palace Of Assembly In Chandigarh, IIT And IIM Buildings Etc. Independence, Whether Political, Cultural, Or Intellectual, Plays A Crucial Role In Shaping The Development Of Architecture. In History, When Countries Or Regions Gained Independence, They Often Experienced A Surge In The Desire To Reflect Their Newfound Status Through Architecture. A Country’s Architecture Can Be A Powerful Symbol Of Its Autonomy, Serving As Both A Physical Manifestation Of Independence And A Means Of Asserting Cultural Identity. Similar Struggle Can Be Seen In Creating India’s Architectural Identity. From The Grand Palaces Of Monarchies To The Minimalist Design Of New Nations, Architecture Often Conveys A Message Of National Pride, Unity, And Self-determination. Read more Read less

A STUDY ON CASH FLOW ANALYSIS Of MAGNETIC METER SYSTEM LIMITED

This Research Investigates The Cash Flow Performance And Financial Soundness Of Magnetic Meter System Limited, A Prominent Manufacturer Of Magnetic And Digital Metering Instruments. The Objective Of The Study Is To Evaluate The Company’s Liquidity St... This Research Investigates The Cash Flow Performance And Financial Soundness Of Magnetic Meter System Limited, A Prominent Manufacturer Of Magnetic And Digital Metering Instruments. The Objective Of The Study Is To Evaluate The Company’s Liquidity Status, The Effectiveness Of Its Cash Management Practices, And Its Capability To Utilize Available Funds For Sustaining Operations And Future Growth. The Analysis Covers The Financial Years 2019–2024 And Is Based On Secondary Data Obtained From Published Annual Reports. Analytical Tools Such As Comparative And Common- Size Cash Flow Statements, Along With Key Liquidity Ratios, Were Employed For Interpretation. The Findings Reveal Noticeable Fluctuations In Operating Cash Flows And A Gradual Decline In Liquidity Over Recent Years, Primarily Due To Increased Investment Activities And Working Capital Constraints. Although The Company Remains Profitable, The Results Emphasize The Need For Improved Cash Flow Planning, Monitoring, And Control To Maintain Consistent Liquidity And Ensure Long-term Financial Sustainability. Read more Read less

Herbal Cosmeceuticals

Nanotechnology Represents A Major Step Forward In Research And Development By Enhancing Product Effectiveness Through Innovative Solutions. Its Use Is Growing In The Field Of Cosmeceuticals To Address Some Of The Limitations Found In Traditional Prod... Nanotechnology Represents A Major Step Forward In Research And Development By Enhancing Product Effectiveness Through Innovative Solutions. Its Use Is Growing In The Field Of Cosmeceuticals To Address Some Of The Limitations Found In Traditional Products. Cosmeceuticals Are Now One Of The Fastest-growing Areas Within The Personal Care Industry, With Their Popularity Increasing Significantly Over The Years. Products Known As Nanocosmeceuticals, Which Cater To Skin, Hair, Nails, And Lips For Issues Like Wrinkles, Sun Damage, Dark Spots, Dandruff, And Hair Harm, Are Becoming Widely Adopted. New Delivery Systems Such As Liposomes, Niosomes, Nanoemulsions, Microemulsions, Solid Lipid Nanoparticles, Nanostructured Lipid Carriers, And Nanospheres Are Replacing Older Methods. The Term "Cosmeceuticals" Was First Used By Albert Kligman In 1984 To Describe Products That Offer Both Cosmetic And Therapeutic Effects. Cosmeceuticals Are One Of The Most Exciting But Also Challenging Treatment Choices For Doctors. They Are Growing Quickly In The Skin-care Market, With Many Topical Treatments Available For Issues Like Photoaging, Hyperpigmentation, And Wrinkles. Cosmeceuticals Combine Cosmetics And Pharmaceuticals And Contain Active Ingredients That Claim To Provide Medical Benefits. These Products Not Only Nourish The Skin But Also Enhance Its Appearance, And They Have Been Shown To Effectively Treat Various Skin Conditions. Cosmeceuticals Help Improve How Skin Looks By Supplying Essential Nutrients Needed For Healthy Skin. Cosmetic Products Are Usually Made As Emulsions, Ointments, Solutions, Or Powders That Include Active Ingredients. According To EU Laws, A Cosmetic Product Is Defined As “any Substance Or Preparation Meant To Be Applied To The Outer Parts Of The Human Body Mainly For Cleaning, Scenting, Changing Appearance, Correcting Body Odors, Protecting Them, Or Keeping Them In Good Condition.” However, Advancements In Science Regarding Active Carriers And Ingredients Have Improved How Many Cosmetic Products Can Affect Skin Function Through Their Delivery Systems. This Led Reed And Kligman To Redefine These Items As “cosmeceuticals,” Which Combine Elements Of Cosmetics And Pharmaceuticals. Until Recently, The Term Cosmeceuticals Did Not Have Any Legal Meaning. These So-called Cosmeceuticals Can Actually Influence Skin Function By Affecting Things Like Transepidermal Water Loss, How Skin Cells Stick Together And Renew Themselves, Controlling Inflammation, And Changing The Surface Bacteria Due To Preservatives. Because Of This Potential Impact, They Are Said To Offer Medical Or Drug-like Benefits. The Words Cosmeceutical And Evidence-based Might Not Seem To Fit Together. Many Scientists Think Of Cosmeceuticals As Empty Promises, And By The End Of This Chapter, You Might Feel The Same Way. Still, It’s Important To Look Into The Science Behind Cosmeceuticals Since They Are A Growing Area In Dermatology With Potential That Hasn't Been Fully Explored Yet. Cosmeceuticals Go Beyond Regular Cosmetics; They Aim To Improve Skin Health And Often Try To Make The Skin Look Younger. Examples Include Moisturizers That Reduce Wrinkles, Serums Packed With Antioxidants, And Creams That Lighten The Skin. However, Cosmeceuticals Can Be A Bit Confusing Because Both Prescription And Over-the-counter (OTC) Products Fall Under This Term. Prescription Cosmeceuticals Consist Of Topical Retinoids That Help Boost Collagen In The Skin, Topical Minoxidil Which Promotes Hair Growth On The Scalp, And Eflornithine That Reduces Facial Hair Growth. These Products Won’t Be Covered Here Since You Can Only Get Them With A Prescription. The Second Type Includes OTC Drugs Like Sunscreens And Antiperspirants, Which Also Won't Be Discussed In This Chapter. Instead, We Will Focus On Topical Cosmeceuticals Meant To Enhance How Your Skin Looks. Cosmeceuticals Are Cosmetic Products That Aim To Improve And Enhance Beauty, Health, And The Overall Appearance Of The Skin While Also Treating Skin Problems. The Main Goal Of This Review Is To List Various Plants And Their Active Compounds, Such As Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Saponins, Sterols, Triterpenes, And Tannins. These Compounds Are Known For Their Abilities To Act As Antioxidants, Reduce Inflammation, Protect Against Sunlight, Help With Skin Regeneration, Lighten Pigmentation, Prevent Dandruff, Reduce Hair Loss, And Fight Lice. This Study Also Gives An Overview Of Where These Plants Are Found Geographically, Their Environmental Conditions, And How The Active Compounds Are Extracted And Isolated For Their Biological Effects. Traditional Remedies And Preparations For Treating Skin Issues, Often Referred To As Cosmeceuticals And Cosmetics, Have Been Used For A Long Time. People Have Always Wanted To Look Good, Creating A Large Market For Cosmetics. This Desire To Appear Attractive Is Not New; Throughout History, Both Men And Women Have Aimed To Enhance Their Appearance. Today, Many People Want To Look Younger And More Charming, Which Has Led To An Increased Demand For Herbal Cosmetics And Cosmeceuticals. Customers Often Prefer Herbal Products Because They Are Believed To Have Fewer Side Effects And Be More Effective Than Synthetic Ones. Ingredients Like Turmeric And Sandalwood Have Been Commonly Used On The Face For Fairness And Freshness. Many Other Herbs Are Also Used In Daily Life As Cosmetics, With Their Preparations Classified As Cosmeceuticals. This Article Aims To Clearly Explain These Terms And How They Relate To Each Other. Ultraviolet B (UVB) Rays Change With The Seasons And Time Of Day, And They Are The Main Reason People Get Sunburns. Getting Sunburned Increases The Chance Of Developing Melanoma And Other Types Of Skin Cancer. To Protect Your Skin From UVB Rays, You Can Use Different Methods, Like Applying Broad-spectrum Sunscreen. When UV Rays Hit The Skin, They Can Create Harmful Substances Known As Free Radicals Or Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). These Can Lead To Skin Cancer And Make Your Skin Age Faster. Ingredients In Cosmetics That Were Once Thought To Be "inactive" Can Actually Have An Effect On The Skin. In A Cosmeceutical Product, It Can Be Hard To Tell The Difference Between "active" And "inactive" Ingredients. Because Of This, Those Who Sell Cosmeceuticals Need To Find A Clear Way To Show How Well A New Ingredient Works. For A Product To Do Well In Stores, Its Benefits Must Be Clearly Explained To Customers, And Customers Need To Be Happy With How The Product Performs. The Long Life Expectancy Of People In Developing Countries, Along With Various Cultural And Social Factors, Has Created A Greater Focus On Health And Physical Appearance. Cosmeceuticals Are Becoming More Popular In The Cosmetic Industry Because They Serve Two Purposes: They Meet The Needs Of Cosmetics (like Cleaning, Fragrance, Protection, Altering The Look Of The Body's Outer Parts, Or Keeping Them Healthy) While Also Providing Specific Bioactive Benefits. The Cosmetics Industry, Which Makes Both Cosmetics And Cosmeceuticals, Is Currently Dealing With Many Challenges To Meet Different Consumer Preferences (such As Vegetarianism, Veganism, Cultural Or Religious Beliefs, Health Or Safety Concerns, And Environmentally Friendly Practices). These Special Skin Tissues, Made From Natural Fibers, Can Hold Various Active Ingredients. This Makes Them Useful For Things Like Fighting Bacteria, Reducing Inflammation, Protecting Against The Sun, Lightening Skin, Or Preventing Aging, Depending On What Ingredients Are Included. Unlike Regular Cosmetics, They Don’t Have Preservatives, Emulsifiers, Colors, Or Other Chemicals. You Can Use Them By Placing The Dry Tissue On Wet Skin And Leaving It There For About 30 Minutes. During This Time, The Active Ingredients Slowly Come Out Of The Fibers. Herbal Cosmeceuticals Are A Quickly Growing Part Of The Personal Care Industry, And Their Popularity Has Increased Significantly Over The Years. Research And Development Have Progressed, Particularly With Nanotechnology, Which Enhances Product Effectiveness By Providing New Solutions. The Use Of Nanotechnology Is Rising In The Cosmeceutical Field To Overcome Many Limitations Of Traditional Herbal Products. Some Key Issues With Phyto-based Cosmeceuticals Include Low Penetration And Instability Of Various Compounds, Which Hinder Long-lasting And Effective Delivery For Skin Treatments. Read more Read less

Socioeconomic Determinants Of Life Expectancy In India: An Empirical Analysis

This Study Examines The Socioeconomic Determinants Of Life Expectancy At Birth (LEB) In India From 1990 To 2023 Using The ARDL Bounds Testing Framework On Annual Time-series Data. LEB Increased From 58 To 72 Years, Driven Primarily By Food Production... This Study Examines The Socioeconomic Determinants Of Life Expectancy At Birth (LEB) In India From 1990 To 2023 Using The ARDL Bounds Testing Framework On Annual Time-series Data. LEB Increased From 58 To 72 Years, Driven Primarily By Food Production (ΔLFPI, β = 0.187, P < 0.0001), Literacy (LLIT, β = 0.278, P < 0.0001), GDP Per Capita (LGDP, β = 0.058, P < 0.001), And Declining Fertility (ΔLTFR, β = –0.389, P = 0.011); Physician Density (ΔLDOC, β = 0.088, P = 0.068)is Marginally Significant, While Urbanization, CO₂ Emissions, And Inflation Are Insignificant Due To Multicollinearity And Offsetting Effects. The Cointegrated Model (F = 108.7) Explains 93% Of LEB Variation And Is Structurally Stable. Findings Highlight That Nutrition, Education, Income, And Demographic Transition—not Clinical Care Alone—drive Longevity, Urging Policymakers To Prioritise Agriculture, Universal Literacy, Inclusive Growth, And Family Planning. Subnational Panel Studies Are Needed To Address Aggregation Bias And Omitted Variables (e.g., Sanitation, Health Expenditure). Read more Read less

The Gap Between Food Advertising And Actual Product Quality

In Today’s World, Food Advertisements Play A Big Role In Influencing What People Buy And Eat. Companies Often Use Attractive Pictures, Catchy Slogans, And Celebrity Endorsements To Make Their Products Look More Appealing And Healthy Than They Really... In Today’s World, Food Advertisements Play A Big Role In Influencing What People Buy And Eat. Companies Often Use Attractive Pictures, Catchy Slogans, And Celebrity Endorsements To Make Their Products Look More Appealing And Healthy Than They Really Are. However, There Is Often A Big Difference Between What Is Shown In Advertisements And The Actual Quality Or Nutritional Value Of The Food. This Research Aims To Study How Food Advertising Can Create False Expectations Among Consumers, Especially Among Children And Young Adults. It Will Also Explore How Misleading Marketing Affects Buying Decisions, Trust In Brands, And Public Health. The Study Will Collect Data From Advertisements, Product Labels, And Customer Surveys To Compare The Advertised Claims With The Real Ingredients And Quality. The Goal Is To Highlight The Importance Of Honest Food Marketing And To Suggest Ways To Make Consumers More Aware Of The Reality Behind Food Ads. Read more Read less

Stabilization Of Expansive Soil Using Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag And Polypropylene Fiber

Expansive Soils Cause Serious Problems And Produces Damage To Many Civil Engineering Structures Due To Swelling And Shrinkage. Properties Of Soil Directly Influence The Bearing Capacity Which Influences The Loads Of Super Structure. A Strong Soil Aid... Expansive Soils Cause Serious Problems And Produces Damage To Many Civil Engineering Structures Due To Swelling And Shrinkage. Properties Of Soil Directly Influence The Bearing Capacity Which Influences The Loads Of Super Structure. A Strong Soil Aids In Large Structures Where As A Weak Soil Hinders The Constructions Of Structures. Hence To Overcome Is Deficiencies Of The Presence Of Weak Soil; Soil Is Stabilized To Improve Its Properties. This Study Focuses On The Use Of Mixture Of “GROUND GRANULATED BLAST FURNACE SLAG (GGBS) And POLPROPYLENE FIBER (PPF)” As A Suitable Stabilizer. In This Study Various Mixtures Of GGBS With Constant Polypropylene Fiber Percentage Is Added To The Collected Soil Sample And Their Index Properties And Strength Properties Are Studied. Read more Read less

Blood Bank Management Systems At The Individual Scale: A Comprehensive Review Of Operations, Safety, Informatics, And Innovation

Blood Bank Management Systems (BBMS) At The Individual Scale Represent Critical Digital Infrastructure For Safe, Efficient Transfusion Services Within Single-facility Or Hospital-based Blood Establishments. This Comprehensive Review Synthesizes Regul... Blood Bank Management Systems (BBMS) At The Individual Scale Represent Critical Digital Infrastructure For Safe, Efficient Transfusion Services Within Single-facility Or Hospital-based Blood Establishments. This Comprehensive Review Synthesizes Regulatory Standards, Operational Practices, Information System Architectures, And Emerging Technologies Relevant To Facility-level Blood Banking. This Review Examines Core Operational Modules Including Donor Management, Collection, Testing, Inventory Control, And Transfusion Traceability Through Analysis Of Literature Published From 2019–2025. The Paper Evaluates Current Information System Design Patterns, Explores Integration Challenges With Hospital Information Systems (HIS) And Laboratory Information Systems (LIS), And Synthesizes Evidence On Emerging Technologies Including Machine Learning Forecasting, Internet Of Things (IoT) Monitoring, Blockchain Traceability, And Mobile Donor Applications. Critical Gaps Are Identified In Interoperability Standards, Human Factors In System Adoption, And Implementation In Resource-limited Settings. The Review Concludes With Evidence-based Recommendations For Blood Bank Directors, Informaticians, And Researchers To Advance BBMS Design And Evaluation. Read more Read less

The Role Of HR Practices In Fostering Employee Creativity: Mediating Role Of Organizational Culture At Tenneco Automotive,mettupalayam

This Study Examines How Human Resource (HR) Practices Influence Employee Creativity, With Organizational Culture As A Mediating Factor. Using A Descriptive Design And Data From 108 Employees At Tenneco Automotive, Statistical Tools Such As Chi-square... This Study Examines How Human Resource (HR) Practices Influence Employee Creativity, With Organizational Culture As A Mediating Factor. Using A Descriptive Design And Data From 108 Employees At Tenneco Automotive, Statistical Tools Such As Chi-square, Correlation, Regression, And ANOVA Were Applied. Findings Show That HR Practices Including Training, Rewards, And Leadership Support Enhance Creativity, But Their Effectiveness Depends On A Culture That Encourages Collaboration, Autonomy, And Openness. Training Programs And Leadership Initiatives Were Strongly Linked To Problem-solving And Innovation When Reinforced By Supportive Cultural Values. In Conclusion, HR Practices Alone Cannot Sustain Creativity; Organizational Culture Plays A Pivotal Mediating Role. Aligning HR Strategies With Cultural Values Enables Organizations To Foster Innovation And Maintain Competitiveness In Dynamic Industries. Read more Read less

Wireless Charging Of Electric Vehicles Using Solar Energy

Within The Past Decade, Since Impediments In Nonrenewable Fuel Sources And The Contam- Ination They Cause, Utilizing Green Energies, Such As Those That Are Sun-oriented, In Tandem With Electric Vehicles, Is A Developing Slant. Coordinating Electric V... Within The Past Decade, Since Impediments In Nonrenewable Fuel Sources And The Contam- Ination They Cause, Utilizing Green Energies, Such As Those That Are Sun-oriented, In Tandem With Electric Vehicles, Is A Developing Slant. Coordinating Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Stations With Sun-powered Boards (PV) Reduces The Burden Of EV Charging On The Control Framework. This Paper Presents A State-of-the-art Literature Review On Remote Control Transmission Frameworks For Charging The Batteries Of Electric Vehicles Utilizing Sun-based Boards As A Source Of Power Generation. The Goal Of This Research Is To Advance Knowledge In The Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) Framework And Explore More About Solar-powered Electric Vehicle Charging Stations. To Do This, A Variety Of Solar-powered Electric Vehicle Charging Station Types Are Thoroughly Studied. Following A Study Of Many Framework Elements, The Types Of WPT Components Are Explored In A Different Section. Within The Wireless Power Transmission Framework For Solar-powered Electric Vehicle Charging, Compensators And Various Coil Structures Are Also Investigated, Along With The Advantages Of Each Coil Over The Others. This Study Also Discusses The Use Of Artificial Intelligence (AI) In WPT Frameworks And Highlights The Important Aspects Of Developing An AI Model. Read more Read less

A Study On Inclusive Recruitment Of Employees In GT Electronics

In The Dynamic Landscape Of Human Resource Management, Diversity, Equity, And Inclusion (DEI) Have Become Pivotal For Organizational Success, Particularly In The Manufacturing Sector. This Study Investigates The Inclusive Recruitment Practices At GT... In The Dynamic Landscape Of Human Resource Management, Diversity, Equity, And Inclusion (DEI) Have Become Pivotal For Organizational Success, Particularly In The Manufacturing Sector. This Study Investigates The Inclusive Recruitment Practices At GT Electronics India Pvt. Ltd. It Moves Beyond Theoretical Discussions To Empirically Assess The Implementation And Effectiveness Of These Practices. The Research Adopts A Descriptive Research Design, Utilizing Primary Data Collected Via A Structured Questionnaire From 102 Employees At GT Electronics. The Data Was Analyzed Using Statistical Tools Including Mean, One-Way ANOVA, Factor Analysis, And Regression. The Findings Reveal A Strong Positive Perception Of The Company's Inclusivity Efforts, With 81.4% Of Respondents Finding Job Ads Welcoming And 88.2% Believing The Company Invests In Fair Interview Training. However, The Study Also Identifies Significant Internal Barriers, Including A Widely Perceived Resistance To Changing Traditional Hiring Methods (82.3%) And The Persistence Of Managerial Bias (69.7%). The Regression Analysis Notably Found No Significant Statistical Relationship Between Inclusive Recruitment Practices And Overall Employee Perceptions. This Study Concludes That While GT Electronics Has A Strong Foundation In Inclusive Recruitment, It Must Address These Critical Internal Barriers To Fully Translate Its Policies Into A Comprehensively Inclusive Organizational Culture. Read more Read less

Accessing The Impact Of Workplace Mental Health Policies On Employees Well-being And Productivity At Vimpro Tech

This Study Explores The Impact Of Workplace Mental Health Policies On Employee Well-being And Productivity At Vimpro Tech. The Research Investigates How Initiatives Such As Counseling Services, Flexible Work Arrangements, And Mental Health Awareness... This Study Explores The Impact Of Workplace Mental Health Policies On Employee Well-being And Productivity At Vimpro Tech. The Research Investigates How Initiatives Such As Counseling Services, Flexible Work Arrangements, And Mental Health Awareness Programs Influence Employee Satisfaction, Engagement, And Overall Performance. Questionnaires Surveys And Statistical Analysis Was Employed. The Findings Highlight That Supportive Policies Significantly Improve Psychological Safety, Reduce Stress Levels, And Enhance Organizational Productivity. The Paper Provides Evidence-based Recommendations For Companies To Strengthen Their Mental Health Frameworks For Sustainable Workforce Well-being. Read more Read less