Volume 11 - Issue 7

Green Marketing Practices And Consumer Purchase Decisions: Evidence From The Indian Retail Sector

The Growing Environmental Concerns And Increasing Awareness Among Consumers Have Compelled Retailers To Adopt Green Marketing Practices As A Strategic Approach To Influence Purchase Behavior. This Study Examines The Impact Of Green Marketing Practice... The Growing Environmental Concerns And Increasing Awareness Among Consumers Have Compelled Retailers To Adopt Green Marketing Practices As A Strategic Approach To Influence Purchase Behavior. This Study Examines The Impact Of Green Marketing Practices On Consumer Purchase Decisions In The Indian Retail Sector. Specifically, It Analyzes How Eco-friendly Products, Green Packaging, Sustainable Pricing Strategies, And Transparent Environmental Communication Shape Consumer Attitudes And Buying Intentions. Using Primary Data Collected From Retail Consumers Across Selected Indian Cities, The Study Employs Statistical Techniques To Assess The Relationship Between Green Marketing Dimensions And Purchase Decisions. The Findings Reveal That Green Product Attributes And Credible Environmental Claims Significantly Influence Consumer Trust And Purchase Intention, While Green Pricing And Promotional Strategies Play A Supportive Role. The Study Highlights That Environmentally Conscious Consumers Are More Likely To Prefer Retailers That Demonstrate Genuine Commitment To Sustainability Rather Than Superficial Green Claims. The Results Offer Valuable Insights For Retailers And Policymakers To Design Effective Green Marketing Strategies That Align Environmental Responsibility With Consumer Expectations, Thereby Promoting Sustainable Consumption In The Indian Retail Market. Read more Read less

STUDY ON SEISMIC ISOLATION OF LONG SPAN DOUBLE DECK STEEL TRUSS CONTINUOUS GIRDER BRIDGE

The Best Options For Enhancing India Are Generally Those That Have Experienced Significant Earthquakes In The Past Century. Over Half Of The Country Is Deemed Vulnerable To Destructive Earthquakes. Attention Is Being Paid Nationwide To The Seismic Be... The Best Options For Enhancing India Are Generally Those That Have Experienced Significant Earthquakes In The Past Century. Over Half Of The Country Is Deemed Vulnerable To Destructive Earthquakes. Attention Is Being Paid Nationwide To The Seismic Behaviour Of Existing Structures. On The Other Hand, Bridges Are Crucial Parts Of Any Nation's Transportation System. The Majority Of Indian Bridges Were Inadequately Built To Resist Earthquake And Wind Stresses Due To Outdated Building Regulations. With An Aspect Ratio Of Two To Three, The Design Shear Capabilities For Short Piers Are Found To Be Smaller Than The Equivalent Under Flexural Shear Demand Over Strength Conditions. A Double Decked Bridge Located In Zone V Is Subjected To A Seismic Load, But No Research Or Discussion Has Been Conducted On The Layout And Seismic Performance Of The Double- Decker Bridge Metro Pier. With The Use Of CSi Bridge Software, The Analysis Process Is Later Finished. For The Double-decked Bridge, Calculations Are Made For Bending Moment, Shear Force, Period, And Displacements. Read more Read less

ECO-FRIENDLY CONCRETE: INVESTIGATING DIFFERENT PRODUCT SYNERGIES

The Construction Economy Significantly Impacts A Country's Progress. Abundant Waste Materials, Both Industrial And Natural, Can Be Utilized In Concrete To Enhance Its Strength And Promote Economical Construction. Fly Ash, A Commercial Waste With Ceme... The Construction Economy Significantly Impacts A Country's Progress. Abundant Waste Materials, Both Industrial And Natural, Can Be Utilized In Concrete To Enhance Its Strength And Promote Economical Construction. Fly Ash, A Commercial Waste With Cementitious Properties, And Coconut Fiber, A Naturally Occurring Waste, Are Two Such Materials. Coconut Fiber, In Particular, Is A Cost-effective Option With High Strength, Tensile, Flexural, And Impact Resistance. This Research Reviews Existing Studies On The Use Of Fibers, Including Coconut Fiber, In Concrete, Highlighting Their Potential To Improve Concrete Properties And Support Sustainable Construction Practices. Read more Read less

USE OF PERVIOUS CONCRETE: A REVIEW

Pervious Concrete Pavement Is A Unique And Effective Means To Meet Growing Environmental Demands. By Capturing Rainwater And Allowing It To Seep Into The Ground, Pervious Concrete Is Helpful In Recharging Groundwater. In Fact, The Use Of Pervious Con... Pervious Concrete Pavement Is A Unique And Effective Means To Meet Growing Environmental Demands. By Capturing Rainwater And Allowing It To Seep Into The Ground, Pervious Concrete Is Helpful In Recharging Groundwater. In Fact, The Use Of Pervious Concrete In The Construction Of Pavement, For The Hot And Low Rainfall Places Of India Is Seems To Be Significant For Improving The Water Table. This Pavement Technology Creates More Efficient Land Use By Eliminating The Need For Retention Ponds, Swales, And Other Storm Water Management Devices. Read more Read less

USE OF DIFFERENT WASTE MATERIALS IN CONCRETE: A REVIEW

T Plastics Offer Numerous Benefits, Including Affordability, Durability, Lightness, And Design Flexibility, Leading To Their Increasing Use. However, Their Non-biodegradable Nature Poses Significant Environmental Concerns. When Disposed Of In The Ope... T Plastics Offer Numerous Benefits, Including Affordability, Durability, Lightness, And Design Flexibility, Leading To Their Increasing Use. However, Their Non-biodegradable Nature Poses Significant Environmental Concerns. When Disposed Of In The Open Environment, Plastics Harm The Ecosystem, Contaminate Soil And Subsoil, And Release Toxic Gases. They Can Also Clog Sewer Lines, Drainage Systems, And Waterways, While Posing Health Risks To Humans Due To Potential Toxic Content. Recycling Plastics Is Crucial To Mitigate These Issues. One Potential Solution Is Incorporating Waste Plastics Into Concrete By Converting Them Into Aggregates, Providing A Viable Way To Consume And Manage Plastic Waste. Read more Read less

Comparative Analysis Of Delivery Fleet Models In India: Gig Workers Versus Employed Riders In The Food Delivery Ecosystem

This Paper Examines The Comparative Performance Of Gig Worker And Employed Rider Delivery Models In India's Rapidly Expanding Food Delivery Sector, Valued At $45.15 Billion In 2024. Through Analysis Of Government Data, Corporate Disclosures, And Acad... This Paper Examines The Comparative Performance Of Gig Worker And Employed Rider Delivery Models In India's Rapidly Expanding Food Delivery Sector, Valued At $45.15 Billion In 2024. Through Analysis Of Government Data, Corporate Disclosures, And Academic Research, We Evaluate Three Key Dimensions: Performance Metrics, Cost Structures, And Service Outcomes. Our Findings Reveal That While Gig Models (Swiggy, Zomato) Demonstrate Operational Flexibility With 7.7 Million Workers Delivering 5-22 Orders Daily, Employed Models (Amazon Fresh, BigBasket) Show Superior Service Consistency With 99.9% Uptime And Higher Customer Satisfaction Scores. Despite No Significant Perceived Differences In Service Quality, Gig Workers Earn Wages Below The Sustainable Level (₹265/day Average) Without Social Security, While Employed Riders Receive Comprehensive Benefits, Consuming 9.3% Of Revenue. Policy Implications Suggest An Urgent Need For Social Security Implementation And Sustainable Wage Structures To Balance Platform Economics With Worker Welfare.. Read more Read less

Rural Realities: Navigating Marketing Hurdles In India's Dairy Sector

This Article Examines The Real-world Marketing Challenges Faced By Sri Vethaa Dairy (branded As Vethaa Milk), A Regional Dairy Brand In Tamil Nadu, Based On Observations During My MBA Internship. Despite Delivering High-quality Dairy Products, The Co... This Article Examines The Real-world Marketing Challenges Faced By Sri Vethaa Dairy (branded As Vethaa Milk), A Regional Dairy Brand In Tamil Nadu, Based On Observations During My MBA Internship. Despite Delivering High-quality Dairy Products, The Company Faces Hurdles In Brand Awareness, Digital Engagement, Packaging Strategy, And Dealer Relationships—especially In Newly Entered Markets. Based On My Own Field Experience, This Article Assesses The Factors At The Heart Of These Challenges And Proposes A Few Practical, Marketing-oriented Solutions Including Pre-launch Campaigns, Incorporating Packaging Psychology, Digital Brand Management, And Local Promotions. The Goal Of This Activity Is To Provide A Framework For Vethaa Milk To Become A More Attainable And Competitive FMCG Competitor In India, And Specifically Rural And Semi-urban Tamil Nadu. This Experience Has Allowed Me To Increase My Knowledge Of Grassroots Marketing, Rural Consumers, And The Importance Of Proactive Communication Strategies In Developing A Relationship Of Trust With Customers Over Time. Read more Read less

A Prospective Review On The Development And Application Of Gold Nanoparticles In Detection And Enumeration Of Chemical And Microbial Contaminants In Drinking Water

Contamination Of Drinking Water With Pesticides, Heavy Metals, And Microbial Agents Poses A Growing Global Health Threat. While Conventional Detection Techniques Such As LC-MS And GC-MS Offer High Sensitivity, Their Cost, Complexity, And Lack Of Port... Contamination Of Drinking Water With Pesticides, Heavy Metals, And Microbial Agents Poses A Growing Global Health Threat. While Conventional Detection Techniques Such As LC-MS And GC-MS Offer High Sensitivity, Their Cost, Complexity, And Lack Of Portability Limit Widespread Use. Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs), Particularly Those Synthesized Via Green Methods Using Plant Extracts, Provide A More Affordable And Eco-conscious Solution. Their Unique Optical Properties—driven By Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR)—make It Possible To Quickly Detect Changes In Color Of Waterborne Contaminants. This Article Explores The Use Of Ten Araceae Family Plants For The Green Synthesis Of AuNPs And Explores The Development Of Composite Biosensors By Integrating These Nanoparticles With Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs). Such Sensors Promise Selective, Field-deployable Solutions For Monitoring Water Quality, Capable Of Detecting Contaminants Even At Very Low Concentrations, Down To Parts Per Billion. The Review Further Discusses Advantages, Optimization Parameters, And Future Applications In Environmental Monitoring And Public Health. Read more Read less

INCREASING WHEELS INDIA’S SHARE OF BUSINESS WITH INTERNATIONAL TRACTORS LTD.

This Paper Is A Summary Of The Learning Experience During The 45 Day Internship Period In Wheels India Ltd, A Giant In The Automobile Wheel And Agricultural Wheel Manufacturing Business. It Was A Project-based Internship That Was To Ascertain The Rea... This Paper Is A Summary Of The Learning Experience During The 45 Day Internship Period In Wheels India Ltd, A Giant In The Automobile Wheel And Agricultural Wheel Manufacturing Business. It Was A Project-based Internship That Was To Ascertain The Reason Why This Company Had Very Insignificant Business Affairs With The International Tractors Ltd. (ITL) Or Sonalika Tractors- The Major Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) In The Tractor Business In India. Despite Dominating The Business, Wheels India Has Its Market Share In The Business With ITL, Which Was Very Low When Compared With The Competitors. This Assignment Was To Analyse This Situation, Determine Underlying Causes And Recommend Feasible Strategies That Can Be Used To Improve Cooperation And Market. When Doing The Project, The Following Were Involved; Factory Visits, Assessing The Prices And Logistical Processes, Group Meetings, And Direct Observation Of Processes Involved. The Internship Was Not Only A Way To Advance Academic Knowledge But It Also Allowed To Better Comprehend The B2B Strategy, Work With Clients, And Industrial Marketing. Read more Read less

An Experimental Investigation On Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Concrete

Plain Cement Concrete Is Good At Providing Reasonable Compressive Strength But It Tends To Be Brittle In Nature And Is Weak In Tensile Strength, And Minimum Resistant To Cracking, Poor Toughness. To Overcome The Consists Of Two Different Types Of Fib... Plain Cement Concrete Is Good At Providing Reasonable Compressive Strength But It Tends To Be Brittle In Nature And Is Weak In Tensile Strength, And Minimum Resistant To Cracking, Poor Toughness. To Overcome The Consists Of Two Different Types Of Fiber Combination I.e. Steel And Polypropylene Fibers Are Used With Conventional Concrete. The Fiber Proportions Of 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, And 1% For M40 Grade Of Concrete. Compressive Strength Test On Cubes And Flexural Strength Test On Beams Were Carried Out To Study The Properties Of Hardened Concrete For 7 And 28days Of Curing Period. Read more Read less

AI BASED PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF ATC INTEGRATED WCC IN HVAC SYSTEM USING IOT

This Work Presents An AI-driven Performance Analysis Of A Water-Cooled Chiller (WCC) Integrated With An Automatic Tube Cleaning (ATC) System, Enhanced By Internet Of Things (IoT) Technologies In An HVAC Environment. The Integration Addresses Condense... This Work Presents An AI-driven Performance Analysis Of A Water-Cooled Chiller (WCC) Integrated With An Automatic Tube Cleaning (ATC) System, Enhanced By Internet Of Things (IoT) Technologies In An HVAC Environment. The Integration Addresses Condenser Tube Fouling—a Major Contributor To Energy Inefficiency And Maintenance Costs—by Enabling Continuous Cleaning And Real-time Performance Monitoring. IoT Sensors Capture Key Operational Parameters, Including Temperature, Pressure, Flow Rate, And Energy Consumption. These Data Are Processed Using Artificial Intelligence (AI) And Machine Learning (ML) Algorithms To Detect Fouling, Optimize Cleaning Cycles, And Predict Maintenance Needs. Results Indicate Up To 15–20% Energy Savings, Improved Heat Transfer Stability, And Reduced Downtime. The Proposed System Exemplifies A Smart, Sustainable HVAC Solution That Promotes Operational Efficiency And Predictive Maintenance In Building Infrastructure. Read more Read less

Comprehensive Empirical And Analytical Investigation Of Ramanujan's Tau Function Via Deep Learning And Computational Methods

Ramanujan's Tau Function, τ(n), Defined By The Fourier Coefficients Of The Modular Discriminant Δ(q), Is A Cornerstone In Analytic Number Theory. While Its Fundamental Multiplicative And Recursive Properties Are Well-established, Deeper Questions Con... Ramanujan's Tau Function, τ(n), Defined By The Fourier Coefficients Of The Modular Discriminant Δ(q), Is A Cornerstone In Analytic Number Theory. While Its Fundamental Multiplicative And Recursive Properties Are Well-established, Deeper Questions Concerning Its Statistical Distribution, Novel Congruence Relations, And Connections With Special Number Sequences Remain Significant Open Challenges. This Paper Presents A Comprehensive Investigation Addressing These Problems. We Pioneer The Use Of A Cutting-edge Methodology That Combines The Principles Of Classical Number Theory With Python-based Data Analysis And Deep Learning. Through Extensive Empirical Analysis Of τ(n) Up To 107, We Quantify Its Statistical Distribution And Confirm Its Consistency With The Sato-Tate Theorem. We Present A Systematic Search For New Congruence Relations And Explore Its Behavior With Special Number Sequences Like Fibonacci Numbers. Crucially, A Deep Learning Neural Network Is Utilized To Discover And Provide Strong Empirical Support For A New Mathematical Conjecture On The Refined Growth Law Of τ(n) For Squarefree Numbers. This Work Demonstrates The Powerful Synergy Of Classical Number Theory With Modern Computational Methods, Offering Substantial New Insights And Paving The Way For Future Research. Read more Read less

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE BASED NAVIGATION SYSTEM

In Modern Educational Institutions, Students, Faculty, Staff, And Visitors Often Encounter Difficulties In Finding The Most Efficient And Timely Routes To Various Destinations Across A Large Campus. The Artificial Intelligence Based Navigation System... In Modern Educational Institutions, Students, Faculty, Staff, And Visitors Often Encounter Difficulties In Finding The Most Efficient And Timely Routes To Various Destinations Across A Large Campus. The Artificial Intelligence Based Navigation System Addresses This Issue By Providing A Real-time Solution For Campus Navigation. This System Utilizes Artificial Intelligence Algorithms For Environment-aware Pathfinding, Dynamically Calculating Optimal Routes Based On The User’s Current Location And Chosen Destination. Through An Intuitive User Interface, Users Can Easily Input Their Desired Location And Receive Clear, Step-by-step Navigation Instructions. Designed For Independent Use, The Platform Acts As A Self-service Tool, Helping Users Locate Essential Facilities Such As Classrooms, Libraries, Administrative Offices, And Other Campus Landmarks. By Offering Smart Navigation Support, This System Enhances The Campus Experience And Contributes To The Development Of An Intelligent, User-friendly Educational Infrastructure. Read more Read less

A Study Of The Impact Of Educational And Vocational Guidance Of Adolescence With Intellectual Disability Of Special Schools In Ujjain District

This Research Paper Investigates The Influence Of Educational And Vocational Guidance On Adolescents With Intellectual Disabilities Attending Special Schools In The Ujjain District. The Study Aims To Assess The Effectiveness Of Current Guidance Progr... This Research Paper Investigates The Influence Of Educational And Vocational Guidance On Adolescents With Intellectual Disabilities Attending Special Schools In The Ujjain District. The Study Aims To Assess The Effectiveness Of Current Guidance Programs And Their Impact On The Academic Performance, Social Skills, And Employment Readiness Of These Individuals. Utilizing A Mixed-methods Approach, Data Was Collected Through Surveys, Interviews, And Observational Assessments Involving Educators, Parents, And Students. The Findings Indicate That Tailored Guidance Significantly Enhances The Self-efficacy And Future Prospects Of Adolescents With Intellectual Disabilities. Furthermore, The Study Highlights The Need For Comprehensive And Individualized Support Systems To Optimize Educational Outcomes And Facilitate Smoother Transitions Into Vocational Opportunities. The Implications Of This Research Underscore The Importance Of Integrating Effective Guidance Strategies Within Special Education Frameworks To Promote Inclusivity And Empowerment For Adolescents With Intellectual Disabilities. Read more Read less

Comparative Study Of Modular Construction & RCC Framed Structure

The Construction Industry Is Rapidly Evolving With The Introduction Of Innovative Methods Such As Modular Construction, Which Promises Faster Delivery And Sustainable Practices. This Paper Provides A Comparative Analysis Between Modular Construction... The Construction Industry Is Rapidly Evolving With The Introduction Of Innovative Methods Such As Modular Construction, Which Promises Faster Delivery And Sustainable Practices. This Paper Provides A Comparative Analysis Between Modular Construction And Conventional Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) Framed Structures, Focusing On Parameters Such As Cost, Time Efficiency, Sustainability, Structural Integrity, And Adaptability. The Study Highlights The Suitability Of Each Method For Different Project Requirements And Presents An Informed Recommendation For Practitioners And Stakeholders. Read more Read less

Risk Management In Complex Construction Project

Risk Management In Complex Construction Projects Involves Identifying, Assessing, And Mitigating Potential Risks To Ensure The Project's Success. It Includes Analyzing Factors Like Budget, Schedule, Safety, And Environmental Concerns. Proactive Plann... Risk Management In Complex Construction Projects Involves Identifying, Assessing, And Mitigating Potential Risks To Ensure The Project's Success. It Includes Analyzing Factors Like Budget, Schedule, Safety, And Environmental Concerns. Proactive Planning, Continuous Monitoring, And Contingency Strategies Are Essential. Collaboration Among Stakeholders Helps Manage Uncertainties And Avoid Disruptions. Effective Risk Management Minimizes Delays, Cost Overruns, And Quality Issues, Ensuring Project Objectives Are Met. Risk Management Is Crucial In Complex Construction Projects To Identify, Assess, And Mitigate Potential Risks That Could Impact Project Timelines, Costs, And Quality. According To A Project Management Institute Survey, 60-70% Of Construction Projectsexperience Cost Overruns, And 50% Face Time Delaysdue To Unforeseen Risks. Effective Risk Management Can Reduce These Issues By 20-50%, Improving Project Success Rates. The International Journal Of Project Management Found That Projects With Formal Risk Frameworks Have 50% Fewer Cost Overruns And 20% Higher Success Rates. In Developing Markets, 45% Of Projects Face Increased Risks From Lack Of Risk Systems. As The Industry Embraces AI And BIM, Risk Mitigation Has Improved, Resulting In 20% Fewer Delaysand15% Fewer Budget Issuesin Technologically Advanced Projects. Risk Management In Complex Construction Projects Begins With Identifying Potential Risks Through Tools Like Brainstorming And Expert Analysis. Once Identified, Each Risk Is Assessed For Its Likelihood And Impact, Helping Prioritize The Most Critical Ones. Mitigation Strategies Are Then Developed, Such As Redesigning, Securing Insurance, Or Adjusting Schedules. Regular Monitoring Ensures Early Detection Of New Risks And Ongoing Adjustments. Clear Communication Among Stakeholders Helps Align Efforts To Address Risks Efficiently. Finally, Contingency Plans Are Implemented To Manage Unforeseen Issues And Minimize Project Disruptions. Read more Read less

“URBAN LAND-USE PLANNING USING GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM AND ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS CASE STUDY HARDA CITY MADHYA PRADESH”

Urban Land-use Plan For Harda City In Madhya Pradesh Using An Integrated GIS-AHP Approach. Keeping In View The Future Planned Development Of Harda Town, The Revised Development Plan For 2025 Has Been Prepared For An Estimated Population Of 1 Million... Urban Land-use Plan For Harda City In Madhya Pradesh Using An Integrated GIS-AHP Approach. Keeping In View The Future Planned Development Of Harda Town, The Revised Development Plan For 2025 Has Been Prepared For An Estimated Population Of 1 Million (10 Lakh). This Plan Includes Proposals For Various Land Uses And Development Along With Provisions For Service Facilities. The Economic Structure Of The Town Is Primarily Based On Agricultural Products, Commercial, And Administrative Activities. Most Of The People Here Are Engaged In Agriculture, Commerce, And Small-scale Industries. The Economic Structure Of The Town Is Of A Medium Level. Harda, One Of The Main Advantages Of AHP Is Its Flexibility, Logic, And Ease Of Application, Which Has Been Reflected In The Significant Growth Of Publications That Use This Method. Decision-making Is Virtually Every Research Area. For This Reason, The Application Of AHP Has Been Applied In Areas Such As Engineering, Computer Science, Business And Management, Mathematics, Or Social Sciences. The Possibilities Of AHP Adjustments Are Also Relatively Wide One Of The Fastest-growing Cities In The Region Is Facing Immense Pressure From Rapid Population Growth And Unplanned Urbanization. Despite Several Planning Interventions, Such As The Recent Detailed Area Planning (DAP), The Outcomes Have Been Limited. The DAP Employed GIS For City-scale Land-use Planning But Suffered From Several Shortcomings, Including Inadequate Specification Of Data Requirements, Poor Database Quality And Underutilization Of The GIS Database For Spatial Analysis To Support Effective Decision-making. To Address These Issues, This Research Proposes A Conceptual Model For Building A High-quality Geographic Database To Resolve The First Two Problems And Applies The GIS-based AHP Method For Advanced Spatial Analysis To Tackle The Third. Following A Literature Review And Selection Of The Study Area, Planning Criteria Were Identified Through Expert Consultation. The Collected GIS Data Was Structured Into A Geo Database, Conceptualized Using The Unified Modelling Language (UML). Expert Inputs And Further Literature Were Used To Compute Eigen Values Through AHP Operations, Representing The Relative Priority Of Each Criterion. Using These Eigen Values, Raster-based Criterion Maps Were Generated From The Geo Database. These Maps Were Then Overlaid To Create A Composite Suitability Map, Which Was Subsequently Classified Into Zones Based On Suitability. Read more Read less

Comprehensive Characterization And Optimization Of Eggshell Powder-Cement-Wood Powder-Sand Composites For Walking Path Applications

Recent Developments And Optimization Strategies In PV-Grid Integrated EV Charging Infrastructure

With The Increasing Adoption Of Electric Vehicles (EVs), The Demand For Sustainable And Intelligent Charging Infrastructure Has Surged. Integrating Photovoltaic (PV) Systems With The Power Grid And Energy Storage Offers A Promising Solution To Addres... With The Increasing Adoption Of Electric Vehicles (EVs), The Demand For Sustainable And Intelligent Charging Infrastructure Has Surged. Integrating Photovoltaic (PV) Systems With The Power Grid And Energy Storage Offers A Promising Solution To Address Energy Efficiency And Reduce Carbon Emissions. This Paper Consolidates Recent Developments In PV-grid Integrated EV Charging Infrastructure, Focusing On System Configurations, Operational Modes, Control Strategies, Energy Management Systems, Power Electronics, And Optimization Techniques. It Also Explores The Role Of Emerging Technologies Such As AI, Blockchain, And V2G Systems, And Examines Current Challenges And Future Directions. This Comprehensive Review Provides A Pathway For Scalable, Secure, And Economically Viable Deployment Of Clean Mobility Solutions. Read more Read less

ANALYSIS OF A ARCH TYPE BRIDGE USING ANALYSIS TOOL: A REVIEW

Bridges Connect The Geographical Areas Surrounded With Barriers For Effective Movement Of Roadways, Train And Locomotives. Such Barriers Are Valley, Water Stream And Long Span Flyovers To Speed Up Traffic In Metro Cities. Such Bridges Are Classified... Bridges Connect The Geographical Areas Surrounded With Barriers For Effective Movement Of Roadways, Train And Locomotives. Such Barriers Are Valley, Water Stream And Long Span Flyovers To Speed Up Traffic In Metro Cities. Such Bridges Are Classified In Type Of Shapes Namely Arch, Slab And Box Shaped Bridges Or Material Used Namely Masonry (brick, Stone Etc.) Or Reinforced Cement Concrete. Since Bridge Go Through The Earthen Bank, These Are Exposed To Same Traffic Loads As The Street Conveys And In This Manner, Needed To Be Intended For Such Loads. The Pad Relies Upon Rail Profile At The Bridge Area. This Paper Presenting Review Of Literature Considering Analysis. Read more Read less

UPGRADATION OF RETROFOTING TECHNIQUES USING SOFWARE IMPLEMENTATION ON LIVE PROJECTS: A REVIEW

Retrofitting Is Growing More And More Popular Worldwide These Days Because Most Significant Structures, Such As Historical Buildings Or Other Old Structures, Deteriorate With Time. For Existing Structures, Retrofitting Is The Greatest Way To Protect... Retrofitting Is Growing More And More Popular Worldwide These Days Because Most Significant Structures, Such As Historical Buildings Or Other Old Structures, Deteriorate With Time. For Existing Structures, Retrofitting Is The Greatest Way To Protect Them From Future Earthquakes And Other Environmental Conditions. Retrofitting Reduces The Vulnerability Of An Existing Structure To Damage During Future Seismic Activity. It Intends To Reinforce A Structure In Order To Meet The Requirements Of The Current Seismic Outline Codes. Retrofit Is Preferable And More Practical Than Traditional Repair And Rehabilitation. The Strength, Resistivity, And General Longevity Of The Structure Are All Improved By Retrofitting. In This Paper Presenting Review Of Literature. Read more Read less

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF HIGH RISE STRUCTURE WITH SHEAR WALL AND COMPOSITE SHEAR WALL:A REVIEW

A Shear Wall Is The Main Goal Of Structural Design For High-rise Buildings Subjected To Seismic Loads. Shear Wall Systems Are The Most Suitable Technique For Lateral Load Resistance. Steel Plate Shear Walls And Traditional Reinforced Concrete Shear W... A Shear Wall Is The Main Goal Of Structural Design For High-rise Buildings Subjected To Seismic Loads. Shear Wall Systems Are The Most Suitable Technique For Lateral Load Resistance. Steel Plate Shear Walls And Traditional Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls Are Utilised All Over The World To Withstand Seismic And Wind Loads. Composite Columns, Beams, And Slabs Have Just Recently Begun To Be Used In The Industry, Which Has Adopted Composite Construction Techniques. Given Its Benefits Over Steel And Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls, Research On Composite Shear Walls Has Recently Attracted More Attention. Combined Shear Walls Are A Good Technique For Earthquake-resistant Structures Because They Provide Improved Stiffness And Ductility, Reduce Dead Load And Wall Thickness, Improve Structural Response, And Save Construction Time And Expense, Among Other Benefits. The Researches Conducted On The Seismic Behaviour Of Shear Walls In Multistory Buildings Utilising A Variety Of Methodologies Are Reviewed In This Study. The Performance Of Various Composite Shear Wall Types About Reinforced And Composite Shear Walls Was The Primary Focus Of The Research. Read more Read less

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE SLABS OF GRADE M25

This Study Investigates The Performance Of M25 Grade Geopolymer Concrete (GPC) Slabs Reinforced With Glass Fibres (GF). Four Slab Specimens Of Size 600 Mm× 600 Mm × 50 Mm Were Casted And Tested Under Static Loading. The Mix Variations Included: (S1)... This Study Investigates The Performance Of M25 Grade Geopolymer Concrete (GPC) Slabs Reinforced With Glass Fibres (GF). Four Slab Specimens Of Size 600 Mm× 600 Mm × 50 Mm Were Casted And Tested Under Static Loading. The Mix Variations Included: (S1) Conventional M25 Concrete, (S2) M25 + GF, (S3) GPC M25 With 8 Molarity (8M) And (S4) GPC M25 + GF - 8M. Mechanical Properties Such As Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength, And Flexural Behaviour Were Evaluated. Among All Specimens, The Hybrid Fibre-reinforced GPC Slab (S4) Demonstrated The Best Performance. It Showed The Highest First Crack Load, Ultimate Deflection, And Enhanced Post- Peak Behaviour Under Flexural Loading. The Static Test Results For Specimen S4 Revealed An Ultimate Load-carrying Capacity Of 26.61 KN, A Ductility Index Of 8.72, And A Toughness Index Of 30.54. These Results Indicate That The Integration Of Glass Fibres Significantly Improves The Load- Bearing Capacity And Ductility Of GPC Slabs, Making Them A Viable Alternative To Conventional Concrete In Structural Applications Read more Read less

COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE AND CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE COLUMNS UNDER AXIAL COMPRESSION

Concrete Remains One Of The Most Extensively Used Materials In Construction, With Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) As Its Principal Binder. However, OPC Manufacturing Is Energy-intensive And A Major Contributor To Global CO₂ Emissions. In Response To T... Concrete Remains One Of The Most Extensively Used Materials In Construction, With Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) As Its Principal Binder. However, OPC Manufacturing Is Energy-intensive And A Major Contributor To Global CO₂ Emissions. In Response To These Environmental Challenges, Geopolymer Concrete (GPC) Has Emerged As A Sustainable Alternative, Utilizing Industrial By-products Such As Fly Ash And Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS), Activated By Alkaline Solutions. GPC Not Only Reduces The Carbon Footprint But Also Delivers Mechanical Performance That Is Comparable To Or Exceeds That Of Conventional OPC Concrete. This Study Investigates The Axial Compressive Behavior Of M25 Grade OPC Concrete And GPC Activated With An 8M Alkaline Solution, Both With And Without The Addition Of 0.03% Glass Fiber (GF) By Volume Of Concrete. Four Column Specimens Measuring 1300 × 225 × 150 Mm Were Cast And Tested Under Axial Loading: C-1 (M25), C-2 (M25 + GF), C-3 (GPC–8M), And C-4 (GPC–8M + GF). Among These, C-4 (GPC–8M + GF) Exhibited The Highest Ultimate Load Capacity Of 680.84 KN, Which Is 6.11% Greater Than The Control Specimen (C-1). The Inclusion Of Glass Fibers Resulted In A 4.59% Increase In 28-day Compressive Strength And A 10.75% Improvement In Flexural Strength. Additionally, C-4 Recorded The Highest Values For Young’s Modulus (29,432.15 N/mm²), Stress (20.17 N/mm²), And Microstrain (685.41), Indicating Improved Stiffness And Ductility. These Findings Demonstrate That Incorporating Glass Fibers Into GPC Significantly Enhances Its Load-bearing Capacity And Overall Mechanical Performance. Therefore, Glass Fiber-reinforced GPC Presents A Durable And Eco-friendly Alternative To Conventional OPC Concrete For Structural Column Applications Under Axial Compression. Read more Read less

AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF FIBER REINFORCED GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE BEAMS

Geopolymer Concrete (GPC), Synthesized From Industrial By-products Like Fly Ash And GGBS Activated With Alkaline Solutions (NaOH And Na₂SiO₃), Offers A Sustainable Alternative To Conventional Portland Cement Concrete (CC). This Study Investigates The... Geopolymer Concrete (GPC), Synthesized From Industrial By-products Like Fly Ash And GGBS Activated With Alkaline Solutions (NaOH And Na₂SiO₃), Offers A Sustainable Alternative To Conventional Portland Cement Concrete (CC). This Study Investigates The Flexural Behaviour Of M25 Grade Reinforced Concrete Beams, Comparing Conventional And Geopolymer Matrices With And Without Hybrid Fibers Under Static Loading. Eight Full- Absorption. This Improved Performance Is Attributed To The Synergistic Action Of Glass And Steel Fibers Within The GPC Matrix, Enhancing Strength, Crack Resistance, And Deformability. Beam Specimens Of Size(150 × 250 Mm Cross-section, 1500 Mm Span) Were Tested: (B1) CC M25, (B2) CC + GF, (B3) GPC M25with 8M, (B4) GPC + GF. Beams Were Subjected To Two-point Loading; Instrumentation Included Load Cells And LVDTs. Key Performance Metrics Included Crack Load, Ultimate Load, Deflections, Ductility, Toughness, And Energy Absorption. The Hybrid Geopolymer Mix (B4) Outperformed All Others, Showing A 2.50% Increase In Compressive Strength And 10.75% In Flexural Strength Over B1. It Achieved A Ductility Index Of 16.42, Toughness Index Of 14.59, And 23.004% Higher Energy Read more Read less

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON DURABILITY CHARACTERISTICS OF GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE AND CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE

Concrete Is Widely Used In Construction For Its Strength, Adaptability, And Ease Of Availability. Despite These Advantages, Durability Under Harsh Environmental Conditions Remains A Significant Concern. This Thesis Examines The Durability Performance... Concrete Is Widely Used In Construction For Its Strength, Adaptability, And Ease Of Availability. Despite These Advantages, Durability Under Harsh Environmental Conditions Remains A Significant Concern. This Thesis Examines The Durability Performance Of Four Concrete Mixes: Mix 1 (Conventional M40 Concrete), Mix 2 (M40 With Glass Fiber), Mix 3 (Geopolymer Concrete), And Mix 4 (Geopolymer Concrete With Glass Fiber). The Study Evaluates Critical Durability Parameters Including Water Absorption, Acid And Alkali Resistance, Shrinkage, And Sorptivity. The Addition Of Glass Fiber Improved Micro-crack Resistance And Internal Bonding, While Geopolymer Binders Offered Enhanced Chemical Durability. Among The Mixes, Mix 4 Showed The Most Promising Results, With Reduced Water Absorption, Lower Shrinkage, And Superior Resistance To Chemical Attacks. Sorptivity Testing Further Confirmed That Geopolymer-based Mixes Exhibited Lower Capillary Absorption, Indicating Better Moisture Resistance. These Findings Demonstrate The Potential Of Geopolymer Concrete, Especially When Combined With Glass Fibers, As A Durable And Sustainable Alternative To Traditional Concrete In Aggressive Environments. Read more Read less

FLEXURAL BEHAVIOUR OF GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE SLABS

This Study Investigates The Flexural Performance Of M40 Grade Geopolymer Concrete (GPC) Slabs Reinforced With Glass Fibres (GF). Four Slab Specimens Of Size 600 Mm × 600 Mm × 50 Mm Were Cast And Tested Under Static Loading. The Mix Variations Include... This Study Investigates The Flexural Performance Of M40 Grade Geopolymer Concrete (GPC) Slabs Reinforced With Glass Fibres (GF). Four Slab Specimens Of Size 600 Mm × 600 Mm × 50 Mm Were Cast And Tested Under Static Loading. The Mix Variations Included: (S1) Conventional M40 Concrete, (S2) M40 + GF, (S3) GPC M40 With 10 Molarity (10M) And (S4) GPC + GF - 10M,.Mechanical Properties Such As Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength, And Flexural Behaviour Were Evaluated. Among All Specimens, The Hybrid Fibre-reinforced GPC Slab (S4) Demonstrated The Best Performance. It Showed The Highest First Crack Load, Ultimate Deflection, And Enhanced Post-peak Behaviour Under Flexural Loading. The Static Test Results For Specimen S4 Revealed An Ultimate Load-carrying Capacity Of 36.27 KN, A Ductility Index Of 10.29, And A Toughness Index Of 29.26. These Results Indicate That The Integration Of Glass Fibres Significantly Improves The Load-bearing Capacity And Ductility Of GPC Slabs, Making Them A Viable Alternative To Conventional Concrete In Structural Applications Read more Read less

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON AXIAL COMPRESSION STRENGTH OF GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE AND CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE COLUMNS

The High Carbon Emissions And Energy Consumption Associated With Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Have Prompted The Development Of Sustainable Alternatives In The Construction Sector. Geopolymer Concrete (GPC), Incorporating Industrial By-products Such... The High Carbon Emissions And Energy Consumption Associated With Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Have Prompted The Development Of Sustainable Alternatives In The Construction Sector. Geopolymer Concrete (GPC), Incorporating Industrial By-products Such As Fly Ash And Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS), Presents An Eco-efficient Substitute For Conventional Concrete. This Study Investigates The Axial Compression Performance Of GPC Columns, With And Without Glass Fiber Reinforcement, In Comparison To M40-grade OPC Concrete Columns. Four Mix Series Were Designed: C-1 (M40), C-2 (M40 With Glass Fiber), C-3 (GPC With 10M), And C-4 (GPC With 10M And Glass Fiber), Each Measuring 1300 × 225 × 150 Mm. Among These, Mix C-4 Showed Superior Mechanical Properties, With A 4.39% And 8.07% Increase In Compressive And Flexural Strength, Respectively, Compared To C-1. Additionally, C-4 Achieved A 3.64% Higher Axial Compressive Strength Than C-1. Stress-strain Analysis Under Axial Loading Demonstrated Improved Ductility And Load-bearing Capacity Due To The Inclusion Of Glass Fibers. The Results Confirm That Fiber-reinforced GPC, Particularly With 10M, Is A Structurally Reliable And Environmentally Sustainable Alternative For Reinforced Concrete Columns. Read more Read less

FLEXURAL BEHAVIOUR OF GLASS FIBRE REINFORCED GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE BEAM

The Present Research Investigation Deals With The Study Of Test Beam Specimens Of M40 Grade Of Concrete Integrated With Glass Fibers (GF) Under Static Loading. A Series Of Four Test Beam Specimens Of 1500 X 250 X 150 Mm Dimensions Were Considered. Th... The Present Research Investigation Deals With The Study Of Test Beam Specimens Of M40 Grade Of Concrete Integrated With Glass Fibers (GF) Under Static Loading. A Series Of Four Test Beam Specimens Of 1500 X 250 X 150 Mm Dimensions Were Considered. The Study On The Flexural Behavior Of Geopolymer Concrete Beams Explores Into The Innovative Use Of Alternative Materials In Construction To Enhance Structural Performance And Sustainability. Through A Series Of Experiments, Various Concrete Mixes Were Tested, Including (B-1): Controlled Specimen CC M40, (B-2):CC M40+GF,(B-3):GPC M40-10M, (B-4):GPC M40+GF To Evaluate Their Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength, And Load-bearing Capacities Under Static Loading Conditions. The Experimental Investigation Deals With The Static Loading Which Was Carried Out Under Two Point Loading At Mid-point With The Help Of Load Cells Attached Vertically To A Hydraulic Jack And LVDTs Placed At Center. Various Parameters Such As Ductility Index, Toughness Index, Ultimate Deflection, Yield Deflection And Energy Absorption Capacity Are Studied. The Static Tests Performed On The Beams Shows That The Ultimate Load Carrying Capacity, Ductility Index And Toughness Index Of (B-4):GPC M40-10M+GF Of Beam 150x250x1500 Mm Is 98.36 KN, 7.07 And 25.065 Respectively. Read more Read less

HPLC Method Devlopment And Method Validation Of Drug Rutin And Silymarin And Nanoformulation For Asthma Treatment

AI Powered Smart Pavement Health Monitoring Using UAV And Deep Learning

Urban Road Networks Require Frequent Maintenance To Remain Operational, Safe, And Sustainable. As Cities Expand, The Scale Of Inspection Needed Becomes Infeasible Through Traditional Manual Survey Methods. This Paper Introduces A Smart Pavement Healt... Urban Road Networks Require Frequent Maintenance To Remain Operational, Safe, And Sustainable. As Cities Expand, The Scale Of Inspection Needed Becomes Infeasible Through Traditional Manual Survey Methods. This Paper Introduces A Smart Pavement Health Monitoring System Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) Integrated With Deep Learning Algorithms For Autonomous Defect Detection And Classification. The System Employs High-resolution Camera-equipped Drones To Capture Comprehensive Pavement Imagery Through Automated Flight Patterns, Processed By A Custom-trained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Based On YOLOv5 Architecture To Detect, Classify, And Map Cracks, Potholes, And Surface Defects. Unlike Conventional Inspection Methods, This Approach Offers A Cost-effective, Scalable Solution Capable Of Delivering Real-time Data For Preventive Maintenance Strategies. Results Demonstrate That The AI-based Detection Model Achieves 91.3% Accuracy With Minimal False Positives. The UAV-based System Reduces Inspection Time By 65-75% Compared To Traditional Surveys While Maintaining Superior Data Quality. The Integrated GIS Dashboard Provides Municipal Authorities With Real-time Visualization And Automated Alert Systems. Field Testing Across Urban And Semi-urban Networks Validates The Framework's Effectiveness For Smart City Infrastructure Integration. Read more Read less

Design, Development And Characterization Of Rutin-Silymarin Loaded Nanformulation For Treatment Of Asthma

Experimental Study On Partially Replacing Concrete By Using Prosopis Juliflora Ash And Foundry Sand

In Recent Years, The Main Importance Is On Green And Sustainable Development Throughout The World. Cement Industries Are Releasing The Numerous Gases, Which Is One Of The Main Reasons In Environmental Pollution. Also, Prosopis Juliflora Plant Now Bec... In Recent Years, The Main Importance Is On Green And Sustainable Development Throughout The World. Cement Industries Are Releasing The Numerous Gases, Which Is One Of The Main Reasons In Environmental Pollution. Also, Prosopis Juliflora Plant Now Becomes A Threat To The Environmental System. Since It Grows Up To 50 Ft Deep And Also It Absorbs More Ground Water. So, Using Prosopis Juliflora Ash (PJA) As Partial Replacement For Cement Is A Dual Purpose As Meeting The Demands Of Construction Industry And At The Same Time Providing A Sustainable Development. Generally, PJA Does Not Have Cementitious Property By Itself Which Is Responsible For Strength Generation. But In Presence Of Water It Reacts With Free Lime Obtained From Cement And Form Hydrated Products Such As C2S And C3S Which Helps In Attaining The Strength And Also Improving The Durability. Several Developing Countries Have Encountered Some Strain In The Supply Of Natural Sand In Order To Meet The Increasing Need Of The Infrastructural Development In Recent Year, To Overcome The Stress And Demand Of River Sand, Researchers And Practitioners In The Construction Industry Have Identified Some Alternative. One Of Them Is Foundry Sand, It Is A High Quality Silica Sand With Uniform Physical Characteristics And By Product Of Ferrous And Non-ferrous Metal Casting Industry. In This Project We Are Verifying The Above Thoughts, By Using PJA As Replacement To Cement At 25 To 40% With Every Increment Of 5%. Here, I Have To Find Out The Mechanical Properties (Compressive, Split Tensile) And Durability Properties (Acid Attack And Alkaline Attack) Of Concrete At Different Curing Periods And Were Compared With Control Mix Of M20 Grade Read more Read less

ENVIORNMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ON JOSHIMATH ACCIDENT

Environmental Impact Assessment Of The Joshimath Accident , Which Happened In 2023 , Which Was Because Of The North Proper Environmental Impact Assessment For The Location , Which Was Assigned For The National Highway Project , Along With The Chardh... Environmental Impact Assessment Of The Joshimath Accident , Which Happened In 2023 , Which Was Because Of The North Proper Environmental Impact Assessment For The Location , Which Was Assigned For The National Highway Project , Along With The Chardham Yatra Project . Joshimath Is In Between Haridwar And Badrinath, Which Connects 2 Important Chardham Locations Along With That.This Area Was Famous For The Joshi.Math Temple Which Was Built By The Adi Shankaracharya Recently, A Hydroelectric Project Also Assigned To This Location In The Uttarakhand Because Of This, This Location Is Having The Mud Soil, Which Is Loose Mud Soil, Which Literally Had A Accident Of Cracks Were Also Expected In Walls Of House And The Project Of National Highway Road Washed Off Due To The Landslide In That Area Because Of Which Many People Have To Loss Of Their Belongings, If A Proper . Environmental Impact Assessment Would Have Been Done That Place.This Problem Wouldn't Have Happened So Because Of That.Recently , A Environmental Impasse Assessment Have Been Done At That Place And There Are Some Lacunas In It Which Can Be Improved , Which I Have Mentioned In My Synopsis Further Read more Read less

CASE STUDY OF YOUNG AND SUCCESSFUL ENTREPRENEURS

The Past Decade In India Witnessed A Vibrant Era Of Startup Establishment And Development. Indian Entrepreneurs Are Therefore Currently Solving Local Problems And Competing Globally Vis-à-vis A Young Demographic, Rapid Digital Penetration, And An Inn... The Past Decade In India Witnessed A Vibrant Era Of Startup Establishment And Development. Indian Entrepreneurs Are Therefore Currently Solving Local Problems And Competing Globally Vis-à-vis A Young Demographic, Rapid Digital Penetration, And An Innovation Surge. This Article Discusses The Stories Of Six Game-changing Startups—OYO, MobiKwik, Zomato, Sugar Cosmetics, BoAt, And Zepto—that Influence Industries With Brave Strategies, Pivots, And Customer-driven Innovation. Read more Read less

Sustainable Construction Practices For Net-Zero Buildings

Net-zero Buildings Represent A Paradigm Shift In Construction Aimed At Drastically Reducing Carbon Emissions, Energy Consumption, And Environmental Impact. This Paper Explores Sustainable Construction Practices That Enable The Design And Development... Net-zero Buildings Represent A Paradigm Shift In Construction Aimed At Drastically Reducing Carbon Emissions, Energy Consumption, And Environmental Impact. This Paper Explores Sustainable Construction Practices That Enable The Design And Development Of Net-zero Buildings, Focusing On Energy-efficient Technologies, Renewable Energy Integration, Green Materials, Passive Design Strategies, And Waste Reduction. Through Case Studies And Analysis, The Study Highlights The Key Factors Contributing To Successful Implementation And The Challenges Faced In Achieving Full Sustainability. The Research Emphasizes The Importance Of Integrating Innovative Construction Methods, Smart Building Technologies, And Policy Incentives To Foster Net-zero Construction Across Residential And Commercial Sectors. Read more Read less

Evaluation Of The Long-Term Durability Of Fiber-Reinforced Polymers Through Field Assessment Of Reinforced Concrete Structures

Fiber-Reinforced Polymers (FRPs) Have Gained Wide Acceptance In Civil Infrastructure For Their Superior Strength-to-weight Ratio And Corrosion Resistance. However, Long-term Durability In Actual Field Conditions Remains A Major Concern For Stakeholde... Fiber-Reinforced Polymers (FRPs) Have Gained Wide Acceptance In Civil Infrastructure For Their Superior Strength-to-weight Ratio And Corrosion Resistance. However, Long-term Durability In Actual Field Conditions Remains A Major Concern For Stakeholders. This Paper Investigates The Long-term Performance Of FRP-reinforced Concrete Structures In Various Environmental Settings Using Field Assessments. Techniques Such As Visual Inspection, Infrared Thermography, Core Sampling, And Spectroscopy Were Employed Across Multiple Case Studies Of Bridges, Marine Docks, And Buildings. The Study Emphasizes Degradation Mechanisms Such As UV Exposure, Moisture Ingress, And Alkaline Attack. The Findings Support That While FRPs Generally Perform Well, Durability Is Highly Dependent On Installation Quality, Environmental Exposure, And Material Selection. Read more Read less

Design And Analysis Of Green Roof Buildings Using ETABS

Green Roofs Are An Innovative Solution To Urban Environmental Challenges, Offering Benefits Such As Thermal Insulation, Stormwater Management, And Extended Roof Lifespan. With The Rapid Growth Of Sustainable Construction, Integrating Structural Analy... Green Roofs Are An Innovative Solution To Urban Environmental Challenges, Offering Benefits Such As Thermal Insulation, Stormwater Management, And Extended Roof Lifespan. With The Rapid Growth Of Sustainable Construction, Integrating Structural Analysis Tools Like ETABS In Designing Green Roof Systems Is Vital. This Research Focuses On The Structural Design And Performance Analysis Of Buildings With Green Roofs Using ETABS. A Comparative Study With Conventional Roofs Is Also Presented, Considering Various Load Conditions And Structural Behavior Under Indian Building Codes. The Results Demonstrate The Structural Feasibility Of Green Roofs And Their Influence On Building Performance. Read more Read less

INVESTIGATING EFFECT OF FLUID DENSITY ON SEISMIC RESPONSE OF STEEL STORAGE TANK

The Shaking Response In Fluid-filled Metal Container Stores Is Very Important In Areas That Are Prone To Earthquakes Since There Is A Possibility That Liquid May Flow Out When The Structure Is Being Affected. Sloshing Displacement Is Only Marginally... The Shaking Response In Fluid-filled Metal Container Stores Is Very Important In Areas That Are Prone To Earthquakes Since There Is A Possibility That Liquid May Flow Out When The Structure Is Being Affected. Sloshing Displacement Is Only Marginally Impacted By Tank Flexibility; Nevertheless, Impulsive Pressures And Base Shear Are Both Increased Because Of Greater Tank Flexibility. Traditional Modeling Tools Such As Staad Pro And ETABS Have Difficulty Accurately Representing Complicated Fluid-structure Interactions (FSI). On The Other Hand, More Modern Modeling Tools Such As ANSYS Make It Possible To Accurately Describe Nonlinear Behaviors And Seismic Dynamics. The Purpose Of This Research Is To Investigate The Impact Of Fluid Density On Seismic Reactions Such As Displacement, Shear, Moment, Sloshing Height, And Hydrodynamic Pressure. The Investigation Is Carried Out By Using Time History Analysis (THA) In ANSYS To Investigate Cylindrical Tanks That Contain Fuel Oil, Kerosene, And Motor Oil. The Study Is Being Conducted With The Intention Of Enhancing The Safety And Ergonomics Of Storage Containers That Are Exposed To Seismic Stresses. Read more Read less

SEISMIC PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS USING ETABS

Seismic Load Analysis Of High-rise Buildings Is A Critical Field Of Study To Assure Structural Safety And Resilience During Earthquakes. This Research Focusses On Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Diagrid Lateral Load-resisting Systems In High-rise Sof... Seismic Load Analysis Of High-rise Buildings Is A Critical Field Of Study To Assure Structural Safety And Resilience During Earthquakes. This Research Focusses On Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Diagrid Lateral Load-resisting Systems In High-rise Soft Resist Concrete Buildings Using ETABS Software. The Study Looks At Seismic Behaviour In Various Seismic Zones, Analysing Important Characteristics Such Storey Drift, Displacement, Natural Time Period, And Storey Shear. Various Diagrid Configurations Are Modelled And Compared To Traditional Lateral Load-resisting Systems To Determine The Most Effective Design. The Results Demonstrate The Superior Performance Of Diagrid Systems In Managing Seismic Responses, Highlighting Its Potential As A Novel Solution For Earthquake-resistant High-rise Structures. This Research Helps To Generate Safer And More Efficient Building Designs, As Well As Valuable Insights For Structural Engineers And Designers. Read more Read less

The Ethics Of Representation: Can The Upper-Caste Author Speak For The Dalit?

This Paper Explores The Ethical Implications Of Upper-caste Authors Attempting To Represent Dalit Experiences In Literature. It Critically Examines Whether Upper-caste Writers Can Authentically Speak For Dalits, Or If Their Depictions Are Limited By... This Paper Explores The Ethical Implications Of Upper-caste Authors Attempting To Represent Dalit Experiences In Literature. It Critically Examines Whether Upper-caste Writers Can Authentically Speak For Dalits, Or If Their Depictions Are Limited By Their Own Caste-based Positionality. Drawing From A Review Of Key Literary Works, Including Those By Mulk Raj Anand And Arundhati Roy, This Study Analyzes The Potential For Misrepresentation In These Narratives, Particularly In Their Portrayal Of Dalit Characters As Passive Victims. The Paper Engages With Key Concepts From Postcolonial And Cultural Theory, Including Edward Said’s Orientalism And Gayatri Spivak’s Can The Subaltern Speak?, To Highlight The Challenges Of Representing Marginalized Voices Through The Lens Of Privilege. Further, It Discusses The Role Of Upper-caste Authors As Allies, Suggesting That While They May Support Dalit Voices, Their Role Should Be One Of Amplification Rather Than Appropriation. The Paper Concludes By Asserting That Upper-caste Authors Cannot Ethically Speak For Dalits Due To Inherent Limitations Of Their Perspective, And Calls For Greater Self-representation By Dalit Authors. The Need For More Inclusive And Ethical Literary Practices Is Emphasized To Ensure That Marginalized Communities’ Voices Are Not Overshadowed. Read more Read less

Non-Invasive Diabetes Risk Assessment Model Using Deep Learning

This Current Diabetes Detection Methods Predominantly Rely On Invasive Blood Tests, Posing Significant Barriers To Widespread, Proactive Screening. This Paper Proposes The Development Of A Highly Precise And Accurate Non-invasive Predictive Model For... This Current Diabetes Detection Methods Predominantly Rely On Invasive Blood Tests, Posing Significant Barriers To Widespread, Proactive Screening. This Paper Proposes The Development Of A Highly Precise And Accurate Non-invasive Predictive Model For Assessing Diabetes Risk. Leveraging A Comprehensive Set Of Readily Observable Symptoms, Anthropometric Measurements, Lifestyle Habits, And Medical History, This Deep Learning/Neural Network Model Aims To Identify Individuals At Risk Without Requiring Blood Samples. Experimental Results Demonstrate The Model's Effective Learning, Convergence, And Strong Predictive Capabilities, With Key Features Like Genetic Risk And Physical Activity Significantly Influencing The Predictions. The Insights Gained From This Research Also Highlight Crucial Non-invasive Pathways For Diabetes Prevention And Reduction. The Proposed Solution Seeks To Serve As An Accessible Initial Screening Tool, A Proactive Awareness Generator, And A Valuable Resource For Public Health Initiatives, Ultimately Reducing The Burden Of Diabetes And Its Associated Complications Through Early Detection And Timely Intervention. Read more Read less

ROLE OF NANOPARTICLES IN MODERN DRUG DELIVERY PLATFORMS

Nanotechnology Has Emerged As A Transformative Approach In Drug Delivery, Offering Innovative Solutions For Improving The Bioavailability, Targeting, And Therapeutic Index Of Drugs. Among Nanotechnological Advances, Nanoparticles Have Shown Exception... Nanotechnology Has Emerged As A Transformative Approach In Drug Delivery, Offering Innovative Solutions For Improving The Bioavailability, Targeting, And Therapeutic Index Of Drugs. Among Nanotechnological Advances, Nanoparticles Have Shown Exceptional Promise In Overcoming Physiological Barriers And Delivering Therapeutic Agents Efficiently To Specific Sites Of Action. This Review Explores The Role Of Nanoparticles In Various Drug Delivery Systems, With A Focus On Ocular, Pulmonary, And Gastrointestinal Applications. It Highlights The Unique Properties Of Nanoparticles, Recent Research Findings, Challenges, And Prospects For Clinical Translation. Read more Read less

DELAY ANALYSIS OF FLYOVER BRIDGE USING PRIMAVERA : A REVIEW

Indian Construction Industry Is Growing Quickly And Huge Development Projects Are Going On. Most Certainly It’s Justifiably Or In A Roundabout Way Connected With The Indian Economy, The Speed With Which Projects Complete Have Appeared To Influence Th... Indian Construction Industry Is Growing Quickly And Huge Development Projects Are Going On. Most Certainly It’s Justifiably Or In A Roundabout Way Connected With The Indian Economy, The Speed With Which Projects Complete Have Appeared To Influence The GDP Of The Country. Appropriate Scheduling And Planning Are Substantial In Construction Projects For Decreasing And Controlling Postponements Of The Project, While An Error In The Same Causes Squandering Of A Significant Quantity Of Time, Capital, Resources, And Quality. Despite Firm Principles And Policies, The Monitoring Process May Be Inefficient Because Of The Practical Problems Prevailing Or Rising In The Project. An Attempt Has Been Made In Realizing The Practical Problems In Project Execution Will Contribute To Proper Recognition Of The Problem Areas And Implementing Mitigation. In This Paper Presenting Literature Survey And Publications Related To Analysis Of Project Management Read more Read less

ICONIC INDIAN ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON MODERN DESIGN

India's Iconic Architectural Structures, Such As Etc. The Taj Mahal, Sanchi Stupa (Reference Image On 1st Page), Brihadeeswara Temple, Qutub Minar, Fatehpur Sikri, And The Stepwells Of Gujarat Etc. Have Had A Profound Influence On Modern Indian Desig... India's Iconic Architectural Structures, Such As Etc. The Taj Mahal, Sanchi Stupa (Reference Image On 1st Page), Brihadeeswara Temple, Qutub Minar, Fatehpur Sikri, And The Stepwells Of Gujarat Etc. Have Had A Profound Influence On Modern Indian Design. These Monuments Showcase Beautiful Aesthetics, Advanced Engineering, Harmony, Sustainable Techniques, And Detailed Artistry That Continue To Inspire Contemporary Architects. Modern Residential Indian Architecture Often Incorporates Elements Like Climate Responsiveness, Chowk (courtyards), Jaali (lattice) Work, Use Of Local Materials And A Lot More Details Varying With Different Areas Involving Principles Deeply Rooted In These Historical And Ancient Structures. As A Result, India’s Evolving Architectural Landscape Reflects A Blend Of Tradition And Innovation. Read more Read less

Formulation And Evaluation Of Herbal Soap Using In Neem, Turmeric, Aloe Vera And Tulsi For Skincare Applications

Investigation Of Herbal Components In Soap Recipes Has Been Driven By The Rising Need For Skin-friendly And All-natural Beauty Products. Herbal Soaps Employing The Antimicrobial, Antiviral, Anti-inflammatory, And Moisturizing Characteristics Of Neem... Investigation Of Herbal Components In Soap Recipes Has Been Driven By The Rising Need For Skin-friendly And All-natural Beauty Products. Herbal Soaps Employing The Antimicrobial, Antiviral, Anti-inflammatory, And Moisturizing Characteristics Of Neem (Azadirachta Indica), Turmeric (Curcuma Longa), Aloe Vera (Aloe Barbadensis Miller), And Tulsi (Ocimum Sanctum) Are The Subject Of This Research. We Conducted Physicochemical And Biological Tests After Preparing These Herbal Soaps By Mixing Dry Herbs With A Soap Base.Parameters Such As PH, Foam Retention, Foam Height, Clarity, Odor, Free Alkali Content, And Skin Irritation Potential Were Assessed. The Results Showed That All Three Formulations Were Effective, Stable, And Non-irritating, Making Them Suitable For Sensitive And Normal Skin Types. The Study Suggests That Herbal Soaps Can Serve As A Natural, Safe, And Eco-friendly Alternative To Commercial Chemical-based Products. Read more Read less

DIGITAL MARKETING AND ITS IMPACT ON BUSINESS GROWTH

Digital Marketing, The Use Of Digital Technologies Like Social Media, Websites, And AI To Promote Products And Services, Has Revolutionized How Businesses Communicate With Customers. Unlike Traditional Marketing, It Offers Precise Targeting, Real-tim... Digital Marketing, The Use Of Digital Technologies Like Social Media, Websites, And AI To Promote Products And Services, Has Revolutionized How Businesses Communicate With Customers. Unlike Traditional Marketing, It Offers Precise Targeting, Real-time Engagement, And Cost-effective Strategies. Trends Such As AI-powered Personalization, Short Video Content, SEO, PPC Advertising, And User-generated Content Have Made Digital Marketing More Dynamic And Impactful. However, It Also Brings Challenges Like Intense Competition, Data Privacy Concerns, And The Risk Of Reputational Damage From Negative Feedback. Despite These Drawbacks, Digital Marketing Remains A Vital Tool For Business Growth, Provided It's Used Ethically, Responsibly, And With A Strong Focus On Customer Trust And Innovation. Marketing Is The Process That Involves Understanding And Satisfying Customer Needs By Communicating, Promoting, And Selling Products Or Services And Exchanging Values. The Marketing That Is Performed By Using Digital Technology Like Social Media Platforms, Emails, Websites And Etc Is Called Digital Marketing. The Digitalization Of This Process Has Eventually Led To Vast Changes In The Economic World. Digital Marketing Is A Relatively New And Evolving Practice That Has Brought Significant Changes And Contributed To The Growth Of Businesses. It Has Made The Process Of Communication And Interaction With Customers For The Promotion Of Products Much Easier And Quicker. It Is Also Widely Used For Creating Personalized Customer Experiences, Measurements, And Optimization, Making Digital Transactions And Much More. Read more Read less

Blockchain-Powered Supply Chain Financing

In The Evolving Landscape Of Global Trade And Commerce, Traditional Supply Chain Financing (SCF) Models Face Inefficiencies Due To Centralized Structures, Opaque Operations, Delayed Payments, And High Intermediary Costs. Blockchain Technology Offers... In The Evolving Landscape Of Global Trade And Commerce, Traditional Supply Chain Financing (SCF) Models Face Inefficiencies Due To Centralized Structures, Opaque Operations, Delayed Payments, And High Intermediary Costs. Blockchain Technology Offers A Decentralized, Transparent, And Secure Alternative Capable Of Transforming SCF By Automating Trust, Reducing Fraud, And Improving Operational Efficiency. This Study Examines The Architecture And Functional Dynamics Of Blockchain-enabled SCF, Explores Global And Indian Case Studies, Identifies Key Risks, And Offers A Strategic Framework For Scalable Adoption. A Mixed-method Approach—qualitative Case Analysis And Quantitative Performance Data—is Employed To Understand The Feasibility And Sustainability Of Blockchain In SCF. The Paper Concludes With Recommendations For Policymakers And Industry To Build Regulatory Support, Infrastructure, And Awareness. Read more Read less

PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE ANALYSIS OF 132KV AND 220 TRANSMISSION TOWER IN DIFFERENT WIND ZONES

Power Stations Provide A Connection Between Sources Of Electricity And User Agencies. Tower, Electrical Wires, Insulators, And Neutral Conductor Make Up The Transmission System System. High-stress Rate Loadings, Such As Explosion Or Impact, Cause The... Power Stations Provide A Connection Between Sources Of Electricity And User Agencies. Tower, Electrical Wires, Insulators, And Neutral Conductor Make Up The Transmission System System. High-stress Rate Loadings, Such As Explosion Or Impact, Cause The Progressive Failure Of A Structure In A Short Amount Of Time, With The Failure Being Triggered By The Loss Of Crucial Structural Components. The Purpose Of This Study Is To Determine The Behaviour Of A 132kV Double-circuit Transmission System In Changes In Wind Zones Considering Progressive Failure Scenarios. There Will Be Research Done On Ten Distinct Progressive Collapse Conditions. Alteration In Displacement In The X And Z Dimensions Must Be Observed. The Impact Of Loading Condition On The Structure Should Be Investigated In More Depth. Need To Evaluate A 132kV Power Lattice Communication Structure's Vulnerability To Various Progressive Collapse Conditions. Read more Read less

Study Of Traffic Progression Models In Visakhapatnam

Management And Control Of Traffic Flow On Urban Arterial Streets With Traffic Signals At Intersections Represent Platoons At The Given Traffic Signals. The Platoon Characterizing Variables Such As Platoon Size, Inter-platoon Headway And Platoon Speed... Management And Control Of Traffic Flow On Urban Arterial Streets With Traffic Signals At Intersections Represent Platoons At The Given Traffic Signals. The Platoon Characterizing Variables Such As Platoon Size, Inter-platoon Headway And Platoon Speed Has Been Studied Extensively Under Homogeneous Traffic Conditions But Such Similar Studies Have Not Been Conducted Adequately Considering The Diversity Of Traffic And Lack Of Lane Discipline Exhibited Under Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions. In This Study, Field Investigation Is Made By Means Of Manually Which Traffic Flows At Several Locations On Visakhapatnam. After Processing The Data, Traffic Flows At Each Location And Vehicle Speed Distributions On Different Links Are Obtained For The Platoon Dispersion Model. Different Platoon Dispersion Models Were Used To The Observed Vehicle Speeds And Travel Times. These Models Showed That The Delay And Length Of Queue At The Downstream Intersection And Flow, Average Travel Of Vehicles From The Upstream Intersection. This Study Enables Better Understanding Of Platoon Characterizing Variables Under Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions Facilitating Enhanced Safety And Better Operation Read more Read less

DETERMINISTIC MULTIVERSAL MODEL: A DETERMINISTIC FRAMEWORK UNIFYING ETERNAL INFLATION, PILOT WAVE THEORY, AND THE MANY-WORLDS INTERPRETATION (EVERETT, 1957; WALLACE , 2012)

In This Paper, We Aim To Introduce The Deterministic Multiversal Model As A Synthesis Of Various Other Theories Like Many-Worlds-Interpretation And Eternal Inflation, And Others. We Would Also Like To Mention How My Model Solves Difficulties Like Fer... In This Paper, We Aim To Introduce The Deterministic Multiversal Model As A Synthesis Of Various Other Theories Like Many-Worlds-Interpretation And Eternal Inflation, And Others. We Would Also Like To Mention How My Model Solves Difficulties Like Fermi’s Paradox And The Measurement Problem. (Guth, 1981; Bousso, 2006) Read more Read less

HOW DOES TIME WORK DIFFERENTLY NEAR STARS AND BLACK HOLES?

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL LOTION INCORPRATING ACALYPHA INDICA LINN EXTRACT FOR ANTI ALLERGIC TREATMENT ON SKIN

The Ayurvedic, Siddha, Unani, And Homeopathy Systems Are Examples Of This.are Mostly Plant-based And Represent The Local Heritage Withworld Of Global Significance Is Made Richer By A Great Number Of Thingsfrom A Medicinal Plant. The Majority Of The P... The Ayurvedic, Siddha, Unani, And Homeopathy Systems Are Examples Of This.are Mostly Plant-based And Represent The Local Heritage Withworld Of Global Significance Is Made Richer By A Great Number Of Thingsfrom A Medicinal Plant. The Majority Of The Plant Has Proven To Bethe Highest Concentration Of Medicinal Ingredients. OverThe Vast Majority Of Contemporary Pharmaceuticals Are Directly Made From Medicinal Plants Have A Broad Pharmacological Spectrum. Events. As A Result, Medicinal Plants Have Been Playing Essential Function In Pharmaceutical Research. [1] The Greek Term Is The Source Of The Word Cosmetic. "kosmtikos" Means Possessing The Ability To Arrange. Expertise In Adornment. The Genesis Of Cosmetics Is A As A Consistent Narrative Throughout The Course Of Human History They Came To Be. 3000 BC, When Humanity Lived In Prehistoric Times Used Colors For Decoration To Entice The Animals That He Wanted To Go Hunting, And The Guy Made It Through The Assault By Painting His Face And Decking Out His Body, He Hide Himself From The Adversary. Body That Induces Terror In An Opponent For Defense (regardless Of Whether It's A Person Or An Animal). The Origins Of Cosmetics Were Related To Religion, Warfare, Hunting, And Superstition, Which Was Subsequently Linked To Medicine.The Knowledge That Was Ultimately Separated From Medicine And Ultimately To Pharmacy.2 The Herbal Cosmetics Are Those That Include A Variety Of Plant-derived Phytochemicals, Which Has An Impact On Skin Functions And Offers The Nutrients That Are Essential For Healthy Skin Or Hair. The When Used For Their Intended Purpose, Natural Herbs And Their Derivatives The Term "aromatic Value" Refers To The Value Of Fragrance In Cosmetic Formulations Herbal Cosmetics [2]. Herbal Cosmetics Are Typically Mentioned As Well. Cosmetics Made With Natural Ingredients. Herbal Cosmetics Are Created, Using A Variety Of Cosmetic Components To Create The Foundation In Which One Or More Herbal Components Are Employed To Treat A Variety Of Skin Conditions. Plants Are Utilized Extensively For A Variety Of Purposes The Creation Of Novel Pharmaceutical Goods For Cosmetics And Applications In The Pharmaceutical Industry. Herbal Beauty Products The Commodities That Make Use Of Herbs In Their Raw State Or As Extracts Form.3. The Earliest Recorded Use Of Cosmetics Is Credited To In Ancient Egypt, Around 4000 B.C., Pharmaceuticals Were In Essence, They Are Referred To As Drug Products That Have An Impact On Preventing, Lessening, Treating, Or Curing Illness The Body's Anatomy Or Purpose [4]. According To The European Directive (European Commission). The Term "cosmetic Products" Refers To "Any Substance Or Preparation Meant To Be Put In Agreement With The Different Outside Components Of The Human Body Either With The Epidermis, Hair System, Lips, Nails, Etc. Or With The The Oral Cavity's Mucous Membranes And Teeth With The Sole Or Primary Purpose Of Cleaning Them Altering Their Look By Adding Scents, Or Addressing Body Odors And Either Protecting Them Or Keeping Them In Good Condition.[4] Raymond First Used The Word Cosmeceuticals. One Of The Founders Of The U.S. Society Of Cosmetics Is Reed.1961 – Chemist. He Really Utilized The Term To Brief. The Cosmetics That Are Both Active And Science-based. The Aforementioned The Word Was Used Even More By Dr. Albert Kligman In The The Compounds That Have Both Are Referred To By The Year 1984. Aesthetic And Therapeutic Advantages. Cosmeceuticals Are Cosmetic-pharmaceutical Hybrids Designed To Improve Health And Beauty Through Components That Affect The Skin's Biological Makeup And Function. [3] According To The Drugs And Cosmetics Act, The Cosmetics Are Articles Meant To Be Rubbed Are Considered Acts Introduced Into, Poured, Sprinkled, Or Sprayed On, Or Or Applied To The Human Body Or Any Of Its Parts In Any Other Way. For Washing, Enhancing Beauty, And Promoting Appeal Or Changing Its Appearance. The Product Doesn't Be Subject To A Drug License Preview. [3], [4] Herbal Cosmetics, Also Known As Products, Are Created Using A Number Of Allowed Cosmetics. The Components That Make Up The Foundation Upon Which One Or More Herbal Components Are Used To Provide Well-defined "Herbal" Shall Only Refer To Aesthetic Advantages. "Cosmetics." Herbs Don't Offer Quick Remedies. They Provide A Method For Aligning The Body With The Natural World. An Extensive Array Of Cosmetics And Toiletries Has Been Created And Designed In Accordance With Indian Just Now, Herbs.[3] There Is A Growing Need For Herbal Remedies Because They Are Kind To The Skin And Have No Adverse Effects. The Fact That Herbal Cosmetics Are Solely Produced By The Herbs And Bushes, And Hence Side- Free Of Any Consequences. Herbs Lack Organic Material. Have Any Negative Impacts On The Body; Rather Give The Body The Nutrition And Other Beneficial Things It Needs Minerals.[3] The Use Of Had Attracted Growing Interest Medicinal Flora Of Underdeveloped Nations. This Is Because Herbal Remedies Have Been Proven To Be Safe And Particularly Without Any Negative Side Effects Compared To Manufactured Pharmaceuticals. Additionally, There Has Been There Has Been Little To No Mention Of Any Kind Of Microbial Resistance To Herbal Use And Administration Medications.[5] Read more Read less

HOW GEN Z IS DISRUPTING THE TRADITIONAL BUSINESS MODELS?

IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON ATHLETES MINDS

IN VITRO EFFECTS OF ORGANIC VERSUS CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS ON GLYCINE MAX PLANT GROWTH

Soybean (Glycine Max L.) Is A Globally Significant Legume Crop Valued For Its Nutritional And Economic Importance. Early Seedling Growth Plays A Crucial Role In Determining Final Crop Productivity And Is Highly Influenced By Nutrient Availability. Th... Soybean (Glycine Max L.) Is A Globally Significant Legume Crop Valued For Its Nutritional And Economic Importance. Early Seedling Growth Plays A Crucial Role In Determining Final Crop Productivity And Is Highly Influenced By Nutrient Availability. This Study Evaluated The In Vitro Effects Of Organic And Chemical Fertilizers On The Early Growth Performance Of Glycine Max Under Controlled Conditions. Five Treatments Including Control Were Applied In Sand-filled Pots. Statistical Analysis Revealed Significant Differences Among Treatments (p < 0.05), With Vermicompost Outperforming All Others By Enhancing Germination (93.67%), Seedling Vigor (2186.20), And Chlorophyll Content (2.76 Mg/g FW). These Results Highlight The Potential Of Vermicompost As A Sustainable Alternative To Chemical Fertilizers In Promoting Healthy Seedling Development In Soybean Cultivation. Read more Read less

NON-LINEAR ANALYSIS OF PILE FOUNDATION WITH DIFFERENT SOIL CONDITIONS

Wave Activity Generates Lateral Strains On Pile Groups That Support Coastal And Offshore Structures. These Lateral Stresses Have Cyclic Amplitudes And Durations. The Mechanics Of Lateral Overloaded Pile Behavior Are More Complex Than The Mechanics Of... Wave Activity Generates Lateral Strains On Pile Groups That Support Coastal And Offshore Structures. These Lateral Stresses Have Cyclic Amplitudes And Durations. The Mechanics Of Lateral Overloaded Pile Behavior Are More Complex Than The Mechanics Of Axial Compressive Piles. A Better Understanding Of Pile-soil Interactions Under Laterally Cyclic Stresses Is Required To Provide More Effective Design Solutions For These Types Of Foundations. Pile Spacing Has A Significant Impact On The Maximum Settlements, Final Settlements, And Load Bearing Capabilities Of Piles After Geological And Geotechnical Tests. Total Deformation, Shear Stress, And Corresponding Stress Are Studied In Connection To Various Soil Conditions And Soil Types. In The First Step, All Is 11841 Code Requirements For NDCT Design Are Examined, And A Finite Element Analysis In ANSYS Is Given Against Identity And Applied Loads Against Various Dimensions. Total Deformation, Strain Energy, And Shear Stress Graphs For Thickness. The Total Deformation Graph Shows The Results For Diameters 1300mm - 150.78mm, 1400mm - 160.78m, And 1500mm - 162.72m. Thickness 300mm Is 0.0328, Thickness 400mm Is 0.0124, And Thickness 500mm Is 0.0150. There Is Presently A Scarcity Of Knowledge On How To Apply A Performance-based Paradigm To Pile Performance, Particularly In Liquefiable Soil. Read more Read less

BEHAVIOUR OF CONCRETE BY REPLACEMENT OF FINE AGGREGATE WITH RECYCLED PLASTIC GRANULES

This Paper Represents A Novel Design And Control The Disposal Of Used Plastics Is One Of The Major Problems Faced In The Present Era Of The World. The Usage Of Plastic Is Growing Day By Day. The Non-biodegradability Of Plastic Makes It Very Harmful T... This Paper Represents A Novel Design And Control The Disposal Of Used Plastics Is One Of The Major Problems Faced In The Present Era Of The World. The Usage Of Plastic Is Growing Day By Day. The Non-biodegradability Of Plastic Makes It Very Harmful To The Environment. Plastic Is A Non-biodegradable Material And The Degradation Of Plastic Is A Very Long Process. In This Work, Partial Replacement Of Fine Aggregate By Recycled Plastic Granules At 5%, 10%, 15%, And 20%inM20 Grade Concrete ContainingPolypropylene Raffia Granules Was Done. The Workability And Compressive Strength Are Determined After 7 Days, 14 Days, And 28 Days Of Water Curing. Read more Read less

Effect Of Alccofine In High Strength Concrete

The Problem Of Reflection Cracking Through Asphalt Overlays Can Be Approached From The Design Perspective Of The Factors Or Mechanisms Involved The Alternative Treatments Available, And The Analyses And Testing Required Evaluating The Treatments. The... The Problem Of Reflection Cracking Through Asphalt Overlays Can Be Approached From The Design Perspective Of The Factors Or Mechanisms Involved The Alternative Treatments Available, And The Analyses And Testing Required Evaluating The Treatments. Then, A Selection Of The Best Alternative, Provided It Satisfies Economic Criteria, Can Be Made And Implemented. This Paper Concentrates On Evaluation And First Illustrates How An Analytical Method, Based On A Wide Crack And Theory Of Finite Element Formulation, Can Effectively Be Used For The First Step Of The Process. Then, It Illustrates How The Most Promising Alternative Treatments Can Be Experimentally Evaluated. Test Procedures And Example Results Are Used For This Purpose, And Relation. Hips Between Induced Stress, Or Strain Energy, And Cycles To Failure Are Presented. Selection, Installation, And Follow-up Considerations Are Briefly Discussed. It Is Pointed Out That Even With The Most Technically And Economically Feasible Alternative, Proper Lay Down And Construction Are Important To Realizing Success. Follow-up Monitoring Would Primarily Involve Periodic Crack Surveys. The Major Conclusions Of The Paper Are That Both Analytical And Experimental Evaluations Should Be Performed To Screen Potential Crack Reflection Treatments, And That Proper Construction Is Essential After The Best Treatment Has Been Selected. There Are Two Types Of Alccofine: - Alccofine 1203: - It Is An Alccofine With Low Calcium Silicate. Alccofine 1200 Series Is Of 1201, 1202, 1203 Which Represents Fine, Micro Fine, Ultrafine Particle Size Respectively. Alccofine 1203 Is A Slag Based SCM Having Ultra-fineness With Optimized Particle Size Distribution. Alccofine 1203 Provides Reduced Water Demand For A Given Workability, Even Up To 70% Replacement Level As Per Requirement Of Concrete Performance Alccofine 1101: - It Is An Alccofine With High Calcium Silicate. It Is A Micro Finer Cementitious Grouting Material For Soil Stabilization And Rock Anchoring. The Performance Of Alccofine Is Superior To All Other Admixtures Used In India. Due To High Calcium Oxide (Cao) Content Read more Read less

IMPLEMENTING AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

The Construction Industry Is Undergoing Significant Changes With The Introduction Of Robots And Automation. These Technologies Are Helping To Make Building Processes Faster, Safer, And More Efficient By Taking Over Tasks That Are Repetitive, Time-con... The Construction Industry Is Undergoing Significant Changes With The Introduction Of Robots And Automation. These Technologies Are Helping To Make Building Processes Faster, Safer, And More Efficient By Taking Over Tasks That Are Repetitive, Time-consuming, Or Dangerous For Humans. This Project Explores How Robots Are Being Used To Perform Jobs Such As Laying Bricks, Pouring Concrete, And Assembling Building Components With Greater Precision And Speed Than Ever Before. Automation Also Brings Benefits Like Reducing Construction Costs And Minimizing Mistakes, Saving Time And Money On Projects Read more Read less

PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE ANALYSIS OF RCC DIAGRID STRUCTURE BY USING PUSHOVER ANALYSIS

The Increasing Frequency Of Seismic Events In Regions Like India Emphasizes The Need To Assess The Seismic Resilience Of Structures. This Study Focuses On The Progressive Collapse Analysis Of RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) Diagrid Structures, Speci... The Increasing Frequency Of Seismic Events In Regions Like India Emphasizes The Need To Assess The Seismic Resilience Of Structures. This Study Focuses On The Progressive Collapse Analysis Of RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) Diagrid Structures, Specifically Using Pushover Analysis, A Nonlinear Static Method To Evaluate Building Performance Under Seismic Loading. Pushover Analysis Accounts For Material And Geometric Nonlinearities, Offering A Deeper Understanding Of Structural Behavior Beyond The Elastic Limit, Particularly When Subjected To Extreme Seismic Forces. The Research Compares RCC Diagrid Structures With Conventional Buildings (G+7, G+11, And G+16 Configurations) To Analyze Their Seismic Performance. The Findings Highlight That Diagrid Structures Exhibit Improved Lateral Stability, Reduced Displacement, And Better Force Distribution During Seismic Events. This Study Contributes To The Development Of More Resilient And Cost-effective Earthquake-resistant Designs, Ultimately Enhancing Safety And Sustainability In Seismic-prone Areas. Read more Read less

DEFLECTION CONTROL IN COMPOSITE BUILDING BY USING BELT TRUSS AND OUTRIGGERS

The Purpose Of This Research Study Was To Evaluate The Seismic Performance Of A High-rise G+20 RCC Structure, With An Emphasis On The Effectiveness Of Structural Upgrades Using Outrigger And Belt Truss Systems. The Outrigger And Belt Truss Model Syst... The Purpose Of This Research Study Was To Evaluate The Seismic Performance Of A High-rise G+20 RCC Structure, With An Emphasis On The Effectiveness Of Structural Upgrades Using Outrigger And Belt Truss Systems. The Outrigger And Belt Truss Model Systems, On The Other Hand, Demonstrated A Significant Decrease In Displacement And Drift. The Combined Outrigger And Belt Truss Model Fared The Best, Reducing Top-storey Displacement By Roughly 50% And Significantly Improving Base Shear Resistance. The Storey Drift Results Revealed That Inter-storey Deformation Was Most Apparent In The Conventional Model's Mid-levels, Possibly Causing Severe Levels Of Structural Instability And Damage To Non-structural Features Such As Walls And Facades. The Incorporation Of Structural Systems Brought Drift Values Well Below Allowed Limits, Resulting In Increased Structural Safety And Performance During Seismic Events. The Base Shear Analysis Revealed A Considerable Improvement In The Building's Ability To Bear Horizontal Forces Using The Upgraded Models. The Combined System Model Has The Greatest Base Shear Values, Emphasising The Importance Of Extra Lateral Stiffness In High-rise Buildings. This Shows That Buildings Using Outrigger And Belt Truss Systems May Better Absorb And Disperse Energy Under Dynamic Loads, Such As Earthquakes And Wind Forces, While Maintaining Structural Integrity. The Study Of Natural Time Periods And Frequency Responses Demonstrated The Structure's Better Dynamic Behaviour. The Natural Time Period Was Reduced With The Addition Of Structural Systems, Showing Increased Stiffness And Quicker Structural Reaction. Overall, This Study Demonstrates The Importance Of Including Outrigger And Belt Truss Systems Into The Design Of High-rise Structures In Order To Enhance Their Seismic Performance. These Systems Not Only Decrease Lateral Displacements And Inter-storey Drift, But Also Improve Load Redistribution, Resulting In Increased Stability And Less Damage From Seismic Loads. Findings Provide A Good Platform For Formulating Design Standards For Tall Buildings In Seismically Prone Locations. Read more Read less

Study Of Construction Safety Management System

This Dissertation Presents A Comprehensive Study Of Construction Safety Management Systems (CSMS), Focusing On Their Development, Implementation, And Effectiveness In Enhancing Safety Performance Within The Construction Industry. The Research Address... This Dissertation Presents A Comprehensive Study Of Construction Safety Management Systems (CSMS), Focusing On Their Development, Implementation, And Effectiveness In Enhancing Safety Performance Within The Construction Industry. The Research Addresses The Critical Need For Robust Safety Frameworks To Mitigate The High Incidence Of Accidents And Injuries On Construction Sites, Which Remain A Significant Challenge Globally Due To The Sector’s Complex And Dynamic Nature. The Study Aims To Evaluate Existing CSMS Frameworks, Identify Gaps In Their Application, And Propose Strategies For Improvement To Ensure Safer Working Environments. The Methodology Employs A Mixed-methods Approach, Combining Qualitative And Quantitative Analyses. Data Were Collected Through Surveys And Interviews With Construction Professionals, Including Project Managers, Safety Officers, And Workers, Across Multiple Construction Projects. Additionally, A Thorough Review Of Safety Records, Incident Reports, And Regulatory Compliance Documents Was Conducted To Assess The Practical Application Of CSMS. The Study Also Incorporates Case Studies Of Successful Safety Management Implementations To Identify Best Practices And Key Performance Indicators. Read more Read less

Impact Of Supply Chain Integration On Material Management

The Construction Sector Faces Persistent Challenges In Material Management Due To Fragmented Supply Chains, Leading To Delays, Cost Overruns, And Resource Wastage. This Study Aims To Explore How Integrated Supply Chain Strategies Can Optimize Mater... The Construction Sector Faces Persistent Challenges In Material Management Due To Fragmented Supply Chains, Leading To Delays, Cost Overruns, And Resource Wastage. This Study Aims To Explore How Integrated Supply Chain Strategies Can Optimize Material Flow, Streamline Procurement Processes, And Improve Overall Project Performance. The Research Adopts A Mixed-methods Approach, Combining Quantitative Data Analysis With Qualitative Insights. Data Were Gathered Through Surveys And Semi-structured Interviews With Key Stakeholders, Including Supply Chain Managers, Procurement Officers, And Project Supervisors, Across Diverse Construction Projects. Additionally, The Study Analyzes Case Studies Of Projects With Varying Levels Of Supply Chain Integration To Identify Patterns And Best Practices. Secondary Data From Project Documentation, Such As Procurement Records And Inventory Logs, Were Reviewed To Assess The Tangible Impacts Of SCI On Material Management Outcomes. Findings Indicate That Higher Levels Of Supply Chain Integration—characterized By Real-time Information Sharing, Collaborative Planning, And Strategic Partnerships—significantly Enhance Material Availability, Reduce Waste, And Improve Inventory Control. The Study Identifies Critical Enablers Of SCI, Including The Adoption Of Digital Technologies Like Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems, Internet Of Things (IoT) For Real-time Tracking, And Blockchain For Transparent Transactions. However, Barriers Such As Resistance To Change, Lack Of Trust Among Stakeholders, And High Initial Investment Costs Were Found To Impede Integration Efforts. Through Long-term Supplier Relationships, And Aligning Procurement Strategies With Project Schedules. This Study Contributes To The Field By Providing Actionable Insights For Construction Firms And Supply Chain Professionals To Optimize Material Management Practices, Ultimately Leading To More Read more Read less

Modeling The Dynamics Of Healthcare And Economic Growth Nexus In India: An ARDL Approach

This Paper Empirically Investigates The Relationship Between Health Expenditures, Health Outcomes, And Economic Growth In India Using Data From The World Bank From1990-2023in A Time Series Regression Framework. Employing The Autoregressive Distribute... This Paper Empirically Investigates The Relationship Between Health Expenditures, Health Outcomes, And Economic Growth In India Using Data From The World Bank From1990-2023in A Time Series Regression Framework. Employing The Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model To Assess Both Short- And Long-run Dynamics. The Empirical Analysis Begins With Unit Root Testing Using The Dickey-Fuller Test. The ARDL Model Estimates Reveal A Strong Positive Impact Of Health Expenditure And Life Expectancy On Economic Growth, Highlighting The Significance Of Healthcare Investment In Enhancing Economic Performance. Gross Capital Formation Also Demonstrates A Significant Positive Effect. The ARDL Bounds Test Confirms A Long-run Relationship Among The Variables. Diagnostic Tests, Including Heteroscedasticity And Serial Correlation Checks, Confirm The Model’s Robustness. Stability Verification Through CUSUM And CUSUMSQ Tests Further Supports The Reliability Of The Results. The Findings Underscore The Critical Role Of Health-related Investments In Driving Economic Development, Providing Policy Implications For Strengthening Healthcare Infrastructure To Sustain Long-term Economic Growth In India. Read more Read less

A Descriptive Study To Assess Knowledge, Practice And Attitude Regarding Management Of Emergent (Resuscitative) Phase Of Burns Among DGNM I Year Students Posted At Govt.General Hospital, Karaikal

Descriptive Study To Assess Knowledge, Practice And Attitude Regarding Management Of Emergent (Resuscitative) Phase Of Burns Among DGNM I Year Students Posted At Govt.General Hospital, Karaikal Was Conducted. The Study Was Restricted To 100 DGNM I Ye... Descriptive Study To Assess Knowledge, Practice And Attitude Regarding Management Of Emergent (Resuscitative) Phase Of Burns Among DGNM I Year Students Posted At Govt.General Hospital, Karaikal Was Conducted. The Study Was Restricted To 100 DGNM I Year Nursing Students Posted In Govt. General Hospital, Karaikal And Who Is Fulfilling The Inclusion Criteria During The Period Of Study Were Selected By Simple Random Sampling Technique. Tool-I: Structured Self-Administered Questionnaire That Includes Two Parts; Part-A: Demographic Variables And Part-B: Structured Knowledge Questionnaire Module With 30 Closed Ended Question Was Used To Assess The Existing Knowledge Regarding Management Of Emergent (Resuscitative) Phase Of Burns. Tool-II: Structured Attitude Scales Were Used To Assess Level Of Attitude And Tool III: Observational Checklists Were Used To Assess The Practice Level. Majority Of The Studied Students (60%) Are Under The Age Of 18-20 Years, (80%) Are Female, (80%) Are Having Educational Background In GNM, (50%) Clinical Experience Less Than 1 Year, (60%) Are Residing In Urban And (75%) Are Having Family History Of Professional Health Care Workers In Their Home. Majority Of The Studied Students (50%) Had Moderate Level Of Knowledge And Adequate Practice And Positive Attitude Regarding Management Of Emergent (Resuscitative) Phase Of Burn. Read more Read less

Ferromagnetism In 2212 Phase Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O Nano- Superconductors

Superconductors Are Characterized By Zero Resistance And Meissner Effect. At Below Critical Temperature (Tc), These Materials Exhibit Diamagnetic Properties. On The Other Hand, Materials In Nano-crystal Size Have Specific Properties That Differ From... Superconductors Are Characterized By Zero Resistance And Meissner Effect. At Below Critical Temperature (Tc), These Materials Exhibit Diamagnetic Properties. On The Other Hand, Materials In Nano-crystal Size Have Specific Properties That Differ From Bulk State. Nanomaterials Are Characterized By Surface Effect Which Influences Physical And Chemical Properties Of The Materials. Combining These Two Mayor Fields, It Can Be Obtained Superconductors In Nano-crystal Size (below 200 Nm) Using Simple Method (called As Nano-superconductors). Generally, Ceramic-oxides In Nano-crystal Size, Even In Cuprate-superconductors, May Have Ferromagnetic Behavior At Room Temperature. In This Research, Bi And Bi,Pb- Based Nano-superconductors Synthesized By Wet Mixing Technique Have Tc 80 K For 2212 (Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8- And Bi1,6Pb0,4Sr2CaCu2O8-) Phases. They Also Exhibit Ferromagnetism Effect And Hysteresis Curve Although At Well Above Tc. This Is Unusual Phenomenon Because Superconductor Materials Are Generally Diamagnetic At Below Tc And Paramagnetic At Normal State. This Phenomenon Is Possibly Due To Magnetic Moments Which May Possibly Come From Oxygen Vacancies Of The Nanoparticles Surface. Read more Read less

Fraud Detection And Analysis For Insurance Claims Using Machine Learning

Insurance Fraud, Particularly In Claim Processing, Results In Billions Of Dollars In Losses Annually For Companies Worldwide. Manual And Rule-based Detection Mechanisms Are Often Inefficient In Detecting Sophisticated Fraud Schemes. This Study Propos... Insurance Fraud, Particularly In Claim Processing, Results In Billions Of Dollars In Losses Annually For Companies Worldwide. Manual And Rule-based Detection Mechanisms Are Often Inefficient In Detecting Sophisticated Fraud Schemes. This Study Proposes An Automated System That Leverages Machine Learning (ML) Algorithms To Classify Insurance Claims As Genuine Or Fraudulent. Supervised Learning Models, Such As Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree, Naïve Bayes, And SGD, Were Trained And Evaluated. An Ensemble Model Using A Voting Classifier Outperformed The Individual Classifiers. The System Was Deployed Using Django On A WAMP Server, Which Integrated Real-time Prediction And User Access Control. Read more Read less

Impact Of Artificial Intelligence On Student Engagement In LMS-Based Learning Environments

AI In Learning Management Systems (LMS) Is Transforming Digital Teaching And Learning. Features Like Personalized Feedback, Adaptive Learning, And Predictive Analytics Are Making Learning More Effective And Student-focused. This Study Reviews AI-powe... AI In Learning Management Systems (LMS) Is Transforming Digital Teaching And Learning. Features Like Personalized Feedback, Adaptive Learning, And Predictive Analytics Are Making Learning More Effective And Student-focused. This Study Reviews AI-powered LMS Platforms By Gathering Views From 300 Participants—240 Students And 60 Faculty—from Various Indian Universities. The Study Aimed To (i) Explore How Students And Teachers Perceive The Usefulness Of AI In LMS And (ii) Investigate The Connection Between AI Tools And Online Learning Satisfaction. Two Hypotheses Were Tested Using Statistical Methods Such As Percentages, Correlation, And Chi-square Tests. Analysis Showed That Users Favored AI Features Like Real-time Feedback, Customized Content, And Performance Tracking. However, Concerns Included Lack Of Digital Skills, Limited Awareness Of AI Tools, And Unequal Tech Access. Results Confirmed That AI Positively Impacts User Satisfaction, Supporting Both Hypotheses. This Research Contributes To Educational Psychology By Illustrating AI's Role In Digital Learning, Offering Suggestions For Improving LMS, And Highlighting Areas For Future Research And Policy Changes. Read more Read less

Exploring Holmium Pnictides: A Theoretical Review Of Recently Investigated Properties For Advanced Technological Applications

Holmium Pnictides (HoX; X = P, As, Sb, Bi), A Class Of Rare-earth Monopnictides With Complex 4f Electron Interactions, Exhibit Pressure-driven Phase Transitions That Yield Unique Physical Properties. This Review Synthesizes Theoretical Advancements F... Holmium Pnictides (HoX; X = P, As, Sb, Bi), A Class Of Rare-earth Monopnictides With Complex 4f Electron Interactions, Exhibit Pressure-driven Phase Transitions That Yield Unique Physical Properties. This Review Synthesizes Theoretical Advancements From 2015 To 2025, Focusing On The Piezoelectric, Thermal Expansion, And Phonon Dynamical Properties Of HoX, Derived Using Density Functional Theory (DFT) And Lattice Dynamics. The Results Indicate Potential Applications In High-pressure Transducers And Thermal Management Systems, With Piezoelectric Coefficients Reaching Up To 4.5 PC/N For HoP And Thermal Expansion Coefficients As Low As 0.8×10⁻⁵ K⁻¹ Under Pressure. Computational Methodologies Are Critically Evaluated, Addressing Challenges In Modeling Strongly Correlated Systems, And Properties Are Benchmarked Against Industry Standards (e.g., PZT, Si, AlN). By Identifying Research Gaps And Proposing Future Directions, This Review Underscores HoX’s Prospects For Advancing Piezoelectric Devices And Thermal Stability In Extreme Environments, Paving The Way For Technological Innovation. Read more Read less