A Prospective Review On The Development And Application Of Gold Nanoparticles In Detection And Enumeration Of Chemical And Microbial Contaminants In Drinking Water

Abstract

Contamination Of Drinking Water With Pesticides, Heavy Metals, And Microbial Agents Poses A Growing Global Health Threat. While Conventional Detection Techniques Such As LC-MS And GC-MS Offer High Sensitivity, Their Cost, Complexity, And Lack Of Portability Limit Widespread Use. Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs), Particularly Those Synthesized Via Green Methods Using Plant Extracts, Provide A More Affordable And Eco-conscious Solution. Their Unique Optical Properties—driven By Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR)—make It Possible To Quickly Detect Changes In Color Of Waterborne Contaminants. This Article Explores The Use Of Ten Araceae Family Plants For The Green Synthesis Of AuNPs And Explores The Development Of Composite Biosensors By Integrating These Nanoparticles With Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs). Such Sensors Promise Selective, Field-deployable Solutions For Monitoring Water Quality, Capable Of Detecting Contaminants Even At Very Low Concentrations, Down To Parts Per Billion. The Review Further Discusses Advantages, Optimization Parameters, And Future Applications In Environmental Monitoring And Public Health.

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