Volume 11 - Issue 12

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) EDUCATION

Self-Esteem And Self-Concept Among Children With Hearing Impairment A Comparative Study

This Study Investigates Differences In Self-esteem And Self-concept Between Children With Hearing Impairment (HI) And Their Hearing Peers. A Sample Of 120 Students (60 With Hearing Impairment And 60 Hearing Students), Aged 10–16 Years, Participated I... This Study Investigates Differences In Self-esteem And Self-concept Between Children With Hearing Impairment (HI) And Their Hearing Peers. A Sample Of 120 Students (60 With Hearing Impairment And 60 Hearing Students), Aged 10–16 Years, Participated In The Study. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) And The Tennessee Self-Concept Scale (TSCS) Were Administered Using Accessible Communication Modes, Including Sign-supported And Simplified Language Formats Where Required. A Comparative, Cross-sectional Research Design Was Adopted, And Both Descriptive And Inferential Statistical Techniques Were Employed For Data Analysis. The Findings (illustrative Data) Revealed That Children With Hearing Impairment Scored Significantly Lower On Overall Self-esteem And Academic And Physical Self-concept Domains Compared To Their Hearing Peers. However, No Significant Differences Were Observed In Social And Moral Self-concept Domains. Qualitative Responses Further Indicated That Factors Such As Peer Acceptance, Communication Accessibility, Teacher Attitudes, And Parental Support Played A Crucial Role In Shaping Self-perception Among Children With Hearing Impairment. The Study Emphasizes The Need For Inclusive Psychosocial Support Programmes, Counselling Services, Effective Communication Strategies, And Peer Sensitization Initiatives To Foster Positive Self-esteem And Healthy Self-concept Development Among Children With Hearing Impairment. Read more Read less

Authors: DANVEER GAUTAM

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) NA

Content Analysis Of Saptahik Sadhana: A Library & Information Science Perspective

This Paper Presents A Theory-based Content Analysis Of Saptahik Sadhana, A Prominent Marathi Ideological Periodical, From A Library & Information Science (LIS) Perspective. The Study Explores How Periodicals Function Not Only As Information Di... This Paper Presents A Theory-based Content Analysis Of Saptahik Sadhana, A Prominent Marathi Ideological Periodical, From A Library & Information Science (LIS) Perspective. The Study Explores How Periodicals Function Not Only As Information Dissemination Tools But Also As Agents Of Knowledge Creation, Ideological Documentation, And Social Transformation. Using Theoretical Frameworks Such As Critical Theory, Gramsci’s Hegemony, Habermas’ Public Sphere, And Structuralist Approaches, The Analysis Examines The Periodical’s Recurring Themes, Social Representation, Value Orientation, And Critical Stance On Socio-political Issues. Findings Reveal That Saptahik Sadhana Promotes Democratic Values, Social Justice, Rationalism, And Equality, And Functions As A Counter-hegemonic Platform Challenging Dominant Ideologies. The Study Emphasizes The Significance Of Content Analysis In LIS Research For Understanding Ideological Structures, Knowledge Production, And The Societal Impact Of Media. This Research Contributes To Periodical Studies, Media Analysis, And The Broader Field Of LIS Scholarship By Highlighting The Interplay Between Information, Ideology, And Social Consciousness. Read more Read less

Authors: Mr Atul U Kale | Dr Dharmraj K Veer

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Computer And Science Engineering

An AI-Powered Proactive Women’s Safety Device

Rising Concerns Over Women's Safety Necessitate Advanced Protective Technologies. This Project Introduces A Next-generation, Autonomous Safety Device For Proactive Threat Detection And Response. Its Core Innovation Is A Dual-mode Stress Detection Eng... Rising Concerns Over Women's Safety Necessitate Advanced Protective Technologies. This Project Introduces A Next-generation, Autonomous Safety Device For Proactive Threat Detection And Response. Its Core Innovation Is A Dual-mode Stress Detection Engine, Integrating Physiological Sensor Data With A Machine Learning Model That Analyzes Vocal Patterns To Accurately Identify Distress. The Device Operates On An AI-driven, Automatic-alert System And Includes An Optional Manual Trigger. Upon Detecting A Threat, A Built-in Communication Module Transmits Distress Signals With Precise GPS Coordinates, Functioning Independently Of Any Smartphone. An Integrated Camera Captures The Surroundings, And A High-intensity Buzzer Activates To Deter Assailants. Critically, The System Is Designed To Be Proactive, Sending Alerts Even If The User Is Incapacitated, Providing A Dependable And Life-saving Tool For Personal Security. Read more Read less

Authors: T.Gopikaa | D.Deepthika Devi | A.Kayalvizhi

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Applied Sciences & Humanities

UNDERSTANDING STUDY HABITS: A SURVEY ON HABIT AND STUDY PATTERNS OF YOUTH

This Study Investigates The Compressive Strength Of Concrete Using Sugarcane Bagasse Ash SBA) And Rice Husk Ash RHA) As Partial Replacements For Cement In M20-grade Concrete. Concrete Cubes Were Produced With Varying Proportions Of SBA And RHA 0%, 10... This Study Investigates The Compressive Strength Of Concrete Using Sugarcane Bagasse Ash SBA) And Rice Husk Ash RHA) As Partial Replacements For Cement In M20-grade Concrete. Concrete Cubes Were Produced With Varying Proportions Of SBA And RHA 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%) And Tested At 7, 14, And 28 Days. Results Demonstrate Substantial Improvements In Compressive Strength At Optimal Replacement Ratios And Highlight Avenues For Cost-effective And Sustainable Construction Read more Read less

Authors: Aavishkar Sakhare | Dr Priya Joshi | Swanandi Khaire | Vaishnavi Mandhare | Srushti Chuttar

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) NA

A Review On Lycopene Derived From Watermelon Based Herbal Sunscreens

The Evolution Of Sun Protection Has Increasingly Shifted From Synthetic Chemical Filters—often Associated With Environmental Toxicity And Adverse Health Effects—toward Natural, Plant-based Alternatives. This Review Explores The Photoprotective Potent... The Evolution Of Sun Protection Has Increasingly Shifted From Synthetic Chemical Filters—often Associated With Environmental Toxicity And Adverse Health Effects—toward Natural, Plant-based Alternatives. This Review Explores The Photoprotective Potential Of Lycopene Derived From Watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus), A Potent Carotenoid With Superior Antioxidant Properties. Unlike Traditional UV Filters That Physically Block Radiation, Lycopene Functions As An Internal Biological Shield, Quenching Singlet Oxygen And Neutralizing Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Generated By UV Exposure. This Paper Highlights The Distinct Advantages Of Watermelon-derived Lycopene, Specifically Its High Bioavailability Due To The Prevalence Of The Cis-isomeric Form, Compared To Other Sources Like Tomatoes. Furthermore, The Study Examines The Synergistic Efficacy Of Lycopene When Combined With Mineral Blockers Such As Zinc Oxide And Titanium Dioxide, Offering Broad-spectrum Protection While Mitigating Photoaging And Inflammation. Despite Formulation Challenges Regarding Lipophilicity And Stability, Advanced Delivery Systems Such As Nano-emulsions Show Promise In Enhancing Efficacy. Conclusively, Watermelon-derived Lycopene Represents A Sustainable, Reef-safe, And Effective Bioactive Ingredient For The Next Generation Of Herbal Cosmeceuticals. Read more Read less

Authors: Tanmay Suresh Hukare | Payal K Indurkar

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Green Chemistry, Artificial Intelligence

A Review On AI Integration With Green Chemistry

This Review Aims To Demonstrate The Combined Power Of Artificial Intelligence (AI) And Machine Learning (ML) With Green Chemistry, An Active Process For Designing Chemicals That Seeks To Suppress Or Eliminate Deleterious Substances Right From The Sou... This Review Aims To Demonstrate The Combined Power Of Artificial Intelligence (AI) And Machine Learning (ML) With Green Chemistry, An Active Process For Designing Chemicals That Seeks To Suppress Or Eliminate Deleterious Substances Right From The Source. With The Gradual Shift In The Chemical Industry And Pharmaceutical Sectors Towards The Concept Of The Circular Economy, The Manual Process Required For The Optimization Of Chemical Synthesis Routes And Analysis Of Environmental Effects Has Become Inadequate In Dealing With Complex Regions Within Chemical Compounds. This Review Evaluates Various Computational Technologies, Particularly The Use Of ChemPager For Process Mass Intensity Prediction, MUCT-dc-V Algorithm For Optimal Retrosynthetic Analysis, And Accuracy In Carbon Footprint Predictions Offered By FineChem2. In Addition, It Also Weighs The Use Of Open-source Platforms In The Measurement Of Molecular Complexity And The "Five Pillars" Framework For Predictive Toxicity. This Review Brings Together Different Use Cases Of “artificial Intelligence” And Combines Them In An Innovative Manner By Highlighting The Ways In Which “green By Design” Intelligence Derived From These Use Cases Can Be Utilized To Optimize Chemical Structures By Removing Waste, Making Them Less Toxic, As Well As Making Them Energy-efficient. It Also Discusses Some Of The Key Issues That Exist In “black Box” Intelligence And The Energy Needs Of “computational Intelligence” Training. Read more Read less

Authors: Krishna sawale | Dr Priya Joshi | Sukhraj Girme | Rudra Khandelwal | Devesh Bhosle

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Bramhapuri

A Review On Natural Harbal Hair Conditioners

Hair Plays A Crucial Role In Protecting The Scalp. Hair Conditions Are Skincare Products Specifically Designed For Application To The Hair End, Serving The Purposes Of Cleansing, Conditioning, And Rinsing. The Growing Demand For Natural And Environme... Hair Plays A Crucial Role In Protecting The Scalp. Hair Conditions Are Skincare Products Specifically Designed For Application To The Hair End, Serving The Purposes Of Cleansing, Conditioning, And Rinsing. The Growing Demand For Natural And Environmentally Friendly Hair Care Product Has Driven The Creation Of Herbal Hair Conditioners, Blending The Advantages Of Traditional Plant-based Ingredients With Contemporary Hair Care Needs. These Conditioners Are Made With Plant Extracts, Essential Oils, And Other Natural Elements That Nourish, Hydrate, And Protect The Hair, All While Avoiding The Harsh Chemicals Commonly Found In Convention Products. Herbal Conditioners Offer Several Advantages Over Synthetic Alternatives, Including Their Gentleness On The Scalp And Hair, Compatibility With Different Hair Types, And Reduced Risk Of Irritation Or Allergic Reactions. Read more Read less

Authors: Kranti Suresh Ukey | Miss.Payal K. Indurkar

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Engineering And Management

A Comprehensive Study On The Sustainable Digital Banking And Financial Services: Exploring The Role Of FinTech In Promoting Green Finance And Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Financial Technology (fintech) Has Transformed Banking At A Rapid Speed To Create New Ways For Sustainable Finance And Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Achievement. Through Digital Banking Solutions Enabled By Artificial Intelligence (AI), Blockc... Financial Technology (fintech) Has Transformed Banking At A Rapid Speed To Create New Ways For Sustainable Finance And Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Achievement. Through Digital Banking Solutions Enabled By Artificial Intelligence (AI), Blockchain Technology, Big Data Analytics, And Cybersecurity Advances, The Review Investigates How Fintech Builds Green Finance Models. Sustainable Digital Banking Presents Solutions For Three Major Traditional Banking Issues: Excessive Carbon Emissions, Unsatisfactory Environmental Finance Product Options, And Weak Regulatory Standards. The Utilization Of Modern Technical Tools Helps Digital Banking To Provide Financial Services To All While Building ESG-friendly Investment Services And Launching Environmentally Conscious Loan Programs. The Review Demonstrates How Fintech Supports Green Financial Products Through Digital Payment Systems, Green Investment Platforms, And Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs). Both Review Points Out Key Barriers To Sustainable Digital Banking Implementation, Which Stem From Regulatory, Cybersecurity, And Technological Hurdles. The Research Analyzes Modern Developments In Green Finance Through Analysis Of Quantum Computing Integration As Well As IoT Implementations And Smart City Financial Platforms. The Paper Uses Existing Research And Industry Practices As A Basis To Deliver An In-depth Understanding Of Fintech Banking Innovations That Build Sustainable Financial Systems. The Research Findings Provide Important Guidance To Researchers, Financial Institutions, And Policymakers Who Need To Create Strategies For Improving Sustainable Digital Banking Adoption And Regulation. The Paper Proposes Policy Improvements And Determines Future Study Paths To Hasten The Path Toward Sustainable And Inclusive Financial Institutions. Read more Read less

Authors: Kabir S M | Vijay Kumar J

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Food Preservation System

A REVIEW OF THERMOELECTRIC AND HYBRID COOLING SOLUTIONS IN PORTABLE STORAGE: PERFORMANCE, APPLICATIONS, AND FUTURE TRENDS

Thermoelectric Cooling (TEC) Technology Is Increasingly Recognized As An Energy-efficient And Eco-friendly Substitute For Traditional Refrigeration Methods. Utilizing The Peltier Effect, TEC Modules Are Known For Their Compact Size, Dependability, An... Thermoelectric Cooling (TEC) Technology Is Increasingly Recognized As An Energy-efficient And Eco-friendly Substitute For Traditional Refrigeration Methods. Utilizing The Peltier Effect, TEC Modules Are Known For Their Compact Size, Dependability, And Precise Temperature Regulation, Making Them Ideal For A Wide Range Of Uses, From Portable Cooling Gadgets To Medical Storage Solutions. Recent Research Has Concentrated On Enhancing TEC Performance Through Advanced Modelling, Multistage Setups, And Hybrid Cooling Techniques. Additionally, The Incorporation Of Control Methods, Such As PID And Model Predictive Control, Has Improved The System's Stability, Efficiency, And Adaptability Under Various Operating Conditions. New Strategies Are Also Investigating The Application Of Machine Learning For Optimization And Adaptive Performance. This Literature Review Compiles Significant Advancements In Thermoelectric Cooling, Focusing On Modelling Techniques, Performance Enhancement Strategies, And Intelligent Control Methods. It Underscores Both The Potential And Current Limitations Of TECs, Paving The Way For Their Wider Use In Sustainable Thermal Management Solutions. Read more Read less

Authors: Samaanta R | Mibun M B | Nihalaparvin Abbas | Basil Babu

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Bramhapuri

A Review On Herbal Based Pain Balm Formulation For Pain Relief

Menthol Is Naturally Occurring Cyclic Terpene Alcohol Of Plant Origin, Which Has Been Used Since Antiquity Of Medicinal Purpose. Its Use In Dermatology Is Ubiquitous, Where It Is Frequently Part Of Topical Anti-pruritic, Antiseptic, Analgesic And Coo... Menthol Is Naturally Occurring Cyclic Terpene Alcohol Of Plant Origin, Which Has Been Used Since Antiquity Of Medicinal Purpose. Its Use In Dermatology Is Ubiquitous, Where It Is Frequently Part Of Topical Anti-pruritic, Antiseptic, Analgesic And Cooling Formulations. Despite Its Widespread Use, It Was Only Recently That The Mechanism By Which Menthol Elicits The Same Cool Sensation As Low Temperature Was Elucidated Upon, With The Discovery Of The TRPM 8 Receptor. Although Almost 5 Years Have Passed Since This Receptor, Many Dermatologists Are Still Unware Of Menthols Underlying Target. In Line With The Advancement Of Our Understanding Of Pain Mechanisms, There Has Been A Growing Emphasis O N The Creation Of Novel Drug Delivery Systems That Can Offer Patients Individualized Treatments Without Compr Missing The Effectiveness Of Analgesics. Acute Pain Serves As A Warning, But Chronic Pain Is A Syndrome That Necessitates Careful Selection Of Highly Bioavailable Analgesic Medications For Long Termtreatment. There Has Been An Increasing Focus On Development Of New Routes Of Drug Administration To Provide Tailored Treatments For Patients, Without Decreasing Efficacy Of Analgesia, In Proportion To The Progression Of The Knowledge Of Pain Mechanisms. While Acute Pain Acts As An Alarm, Chronic Pain Is A Syndrome Requiring Meticulous Selection Of Analgesic Drugs Of High Bioavailability For Long-term Use. Such Criteria Are Challenges That Topical Medications Aim To Overcome, Allowing Progressive Delivery Of Active Component, Maintaining Stable Plasma Levels, With A Good Safety Profile. Read more Read less

Authors: Pranita Damodhar Nikure | Payal Kuldip Nidurkar

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Structural Engineering

Effect Of Wood-Ash As Partial Replacement For Cement On The Performance Of Concrete

In This Paper “Effect Of Wood-Ash As Partial Replacement To Cement On Performance Of Concrete” Has Been Proposed For The Partial Replacement Of Cement Weight With Wood Ash. Portland Cement Is Used As A Binder In Concrete, But It Leads To The Emission... In This Paper “Effect Of Wood-Ash As Partial Replacement To Cement On Performance Of Concrete” Has Been Proposed For The Partial Replacement Of Cement Weight With Wood Ash. Portland Cement Is Used As A Binder In Concrete, But It Leads To The Emission Of A Vast Amount Of Greenhouse Gases. For This Work, Many Concrete Blocks By M30 Grade Of Concrete Were Prepared. Ordinary Portland Cement 43 Grade Was Adopted Throughout In Carrying Out The Present Investigation. The Size Of Each Cubeare 150x 150x 150 Mm. The Days Of Curing Were Selected As 7 Days, 14 Days And 28 Days Respectively. The Percentage Of WA Was Taken As 5%, 10% And 15% As The Partial Replacement Of Cement. Various Tests Were Carried Out On The Materials. For Cement The Physical Tests Were Conducted As A Consistency Test And Compressive Strength. And For Cement Chemical Tests Were Conducted As Insoluble Residue, Magnesia, Sulphuric Anhydride, Loss Of Ignition, Read more Read less

Authors: Ishita Rajak | Anubhav Rai

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Review Article

A REVIEW ON HERBAL PLANT’S USED ON EDEMA DISEASE

Edema Is A Swelling Which Is Caused Due To Accumulation Of Fluid Due To Release Of Fluid From Small Blood Vessels (capillaries) Or Interstitial Spaces To Nearby Tissues. It May Affect A Small Area Or Even Entire Body. The Affected Body Part Is Consid... Edema Is A Swelling Which Is Caused Due To Accumulation Of Fluid Due To Release Of Fluid From Small Blood Vessels (capillaries) Or Interstitial Spaces To Nearby Tissues. It May Affect A Small Area Or Even Entire Body. The Affected Body Part Is Considered To Be Edematous. Edema Is Most Commonly Seen In The Legs, Feet, Ankles And It Can Even Affect Other Body Parts. Edema Is A Side Effect In Many Medications. The Article Presents Information On The Types, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis And Treatment Of Edema. The Management Of Edema Requires A Systematic Approach To Screening, Diagnosis, And Treatment, With An Essential Initial Assessment To Differentiate Between Generalized And Localized Edema. The Association Of Physicians Of India (API) Aimed To Develop The First Indian Edema Consensus (Edema India), Offering Tailored Recommendations For Screening, Diagnosing, And Managing Edema Based On The Insights From The Expert Panel. Read more Read less

Authors: Maivish Ishwar Dhongade | Payal Kuldip Indurkar

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Review Article

A Review On Pharmacological Uses Of Vinca Herbal Plant

A Medicinal Plant Called Vincarosea Has Been Used For Centuries To Cure A Number Of Illnesses. Vincristine And Vinblastine, Two Of Its More Than 70 Alkaloids, Have Demonstrated Considerable Promise In The Treatment Of Cancer, Diabetes, And Other Diso... A Medicinal Plant Called Vincarosea Has Been Used For Centuries To Cure A Number Of Illnesses. Vincristine And Vinblastine, Two Of Its More Than 70 Alkaloids, Have Demonstrated Considerable Promise In The Treatment Of Cancer, Diabetes, And Other Disorders. This Review Article Seeks To Condense The Most Recent Information On V. Rosea’s Applications And Usage In The Management Of Various Illness Situations. There Is Evidence To Support The Use Of V. Rosea And Its Alkaloids In The Treatment Of Leukemia, Lymphoma, And Solid Tumors Due To The Substantial Research Done On Its Anticancer Qualities. The Microtubule-inhibiting Properties Of Vincristine And Vinblastine Are Known To Cause Cell Cycle Arrest And Death In Cancer Cells.These Substances Are Now Utilized To Treat A Variety Of Cancers In Conjunction With Other Chemotherapeutic Medicines.It Has Also Demonstrated Hypoglycemic Characteristics, With Studies Indicating That It May Increase Insulin Production, Improve Glucose Absorption By Cells, And Prevent Hepatic Glycogen Breakdown. These Outcomes Could Help In The Management Of Diabetes And Its Consequences. Enhancing Memory And Cognitive Function As Well As Treating Hypertension, Are Two Possible Advantages. Its Vasodilator Actions Might Result In Increased Blood Flow And Lowered Blood Pressure, While Its Capacity To Boost Oxygen Delivery To The Brain Could Enhance Cognition And Memory. Read more Read less

Authors: Saurabh Devchand Jambhulkar | Payal Kuldip Indurkar

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Review Article

A Review On Genetically Modified Treatment’s On HIV/ AIDS

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) And Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Continue To Represent A Major Global Health Challenge Despite Significant Advances In Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). Although ART Effectively Suppresses Viral Replication... Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) And Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Continue To Represent A Major Global Health Challenge Despite Significant Advances In Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). Although ART Effectively Suppresses Viral Replication And Improves Patient Survival, It Does Not Provide A Definitive Cure And Requires Lifelong Adherence. In Recent Years, Genetically Modified Treatment Strategies Have Emerged As Promising Alternatives Aimed At Achieving Long-term Viral Control Or Functional Cure. This Review Focuses On The Current Progress And Potential Of Genetically Modified Therapies For The Treatment Of HIV/AIDS. The Approaches Discussed Include Gene Editing Technologies Such As CRISPR-Cas9, Zinc Finger Nucleases, And TALENs, Which Target Viral Genes Or Host Co-receptors Like CCR5 To Prevent Viral Entry. Additionally, Gene Therapy Strategies Involving Genetically Modified T Cells, Stem Cells, And Viral Vectors Are Explored For Their Ability To Enhance Immune Responses And Confer Resistance To HIV Infection. The Review Also Highlights The Advantages, Limitations, Safety Concerns, And Ethical Considerations Associated With These Advanced Therapies. Overall, Genetically Modified Treatments Represent A Revolutionary Direction In HIV/AIDS Management, Offering Hope For Durable Viral Suppression And Potential Cure, Although Further Clinical Studies Are Required To Establish Their Long-term Efficacy And Safety. Read more Read less

Authors: Surbhi Bhagwat Ganvir | Payal Kuldip Indurkar

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Phramacy

A Review On Various Herbal Plants And Behavioral Model’s On Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson’s Disease Is A Chronic Neurodegenerative Disorder With A Myriad Of Motor And Non-motor Symptoms. Its Management Is Essentially Palliative, And It Can Extend To Three To Four Decades. Device-assisted Therapy Including Deep Brain Stimulation,... Parkinson’s Disease Is A Chronic Neurodegenerative Disorder With A Myriad Of Motor And Non-motor Symptoms. Its Management Is Essentially Palliative, And It Can Extend To Three To Four Decades. Device-assisted Therapy Including Deep Brain Stimulation, Apomorphine Pump, And Levodopa Gel Intestinal Infusion, Have Significantly Improved Management Of Advanced Parkinson’s Disease. The Condition Is Associated With Damage To The Dopaminergic Neurons Inthe Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta, A Great Decrement Of Dopamine Neurotransmitter In The Striatum, And A Deficiency Of Tyrosine Hydroxylase; The Rate-determining Enzyme During Dopamine Formation. Various Approaches , Including Genetic Manipulations And Toxin-induced Insults, Aim To Recapitulate Both Motor And Non-motor Aspects Of PD In Animal Models. Parkinson’s Disease (PD) Is The World’s Most Widespread Chronic Neuron Degenerative Motion Condition Affecting More Than 10 Million People. The Characteristic Hallmark Of PD Involves A Progressive Loss Of Dopaminergic Neurons In The Brain’s Substantial Nigra. Read more Read less

Authors: Mahek Dilip Kshirsagar | Payal Kuldip Indurkar

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Chemistry, Polymer

Review On Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) And Global Research Trends

Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Is One Of The Most Studied Members Of The Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Family. It Shows Promise As A Biodegradable And Sustainable Alternative To Traditional Plastics. With Rising Global Worries About Plastic Pollution, Microp... Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Is One Of The Most Studied Members Of The Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Family. It Shows Promise As A Biodegradable And Sustainable Alternative To Traditional Plastics. With Rising Global Worries About Plastic Pollution, Microplastic Buildup, Climate Change, And Dwindling Fossil Resources, The Demand For Eco-friendly Polymers Has Jumped Significantly. PHB Has Become A Top Choice Due To Its Biodegradability, Biocompatibility, And Mechanical Properties That Are Similar To Polypropylene. This Review Looks At PHB Research Trends, Microbial Production Systems, Methods For Using Substrates, Techno-economic Assessments, Industrial Uses, And Environmental Benefits. It Also Includes Insights From Bibliometric Studies, Performance Of Microbial Strains, And The Impact Of Using Waste-derived Feedstocks To Lower Production Costs. While PHB Has Excellent Environmental Benefits, Issues Like High Production Costs, Substrate Prices, Complex Downstream Processing, And A Lack Of Large-scale Production Facilities Make Commercialization Difficult. This Paper Aims To Bring Together Existing Scientific Literature Into A Detailed Review For Academic And Industry Stakeholders, Offering Guidance For Future Advancements In PHB Research And The Development Of Sustainable Materials. Read more Read less

Authors: Krushna Manvatkar | Dr. Priya Joshi | Krushna Mohite | Mahesh Khatade | Suyash Wasule

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Pharmacology

HERBAL ANTI-AGING CREAMS

The Growing Interest In Anti-aging Skincare Products Has Led To Increased Scrutiny Of Synthetic Ingredients, Resulting In A Shift Toward Plant-based Alternatives. This Review Provides A Comprehensive Analysis Of The Bioactive Compounds Present In Her... The Growing Interest In Anti-aging Skincare Products Has Led To Increased Scrutiny Of Synthetic Ingredients, Resulting In A Shift Toward Plant-based Alternatives. This Review Provides A Comprehensive Analysis Of The Bioactive Compounds Present In Herbal Ingredients Commonly Used In Anti-aging Cream Formulations And Their Dermatological Benefits. For This Purpose, Anti-aging Creams Listed Under The Cosmetics Section 2025 Were Examined, And Their Botanical Components Were Identified And Web Of Science To Determine The Bioactive Constituents And Their Effects. The Study Identified A Total Of 215 Plant Species Frequently Used In Anti-aging Formulations. Among Them, Aloe Vera, Simmonds Chinensis (jojoba), And Vitis Vinifera (grape Seed) Were The Most Commonly Utilized. The Presence Of Flavonoids, Polyphenols, Tannins, Vitamins (A, C, E), And Essential Minerals Such As Selenium And Zinc Was Highlighted As Key Contributors To Their Anti-aging Properties. These Bioactive Compounds Exhibit Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Moisturizing, And Collagen-boosting Effects, Making Them Valuable Ingredients In Cosmetic Formulations. Read more Read less

Authors: Dr.T. Jaganmohan Rao | Dr. D. Rama Brahma Reddy | K. Malleswari | S.Naveen

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Science And Technology

Water Quality Analysis Of Indrayani River: Impact Of Urbanization And Industrial Effluence

Water Samples Of Indrayani River In Pune, Maharashtra, Were Analyzed To Assess Their Physico-chemical Properties. Parameters Such As Temperature, PH, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Chloride, Total Hardness, Total Alkali... Water Samples Of Indrayani River In Pune, Maharashtra, Were Analyzed To Assess Their Physico-chemical Properties. Parameters Such As Temperature, PH, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Chloride, Total Hardness, Total Alkalinity, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), And Electrical Conductivity Were Evaluated. The Four Water Samples Were Collected In Plastic Container Of 1 Liter’s Capacity From Four Different Geographic Locations Along The River Also Samples Were Collected With 1.5 Feet Below From The Surface Of Water At Different Selective Sampling Points. The Study Aimed To Understand Purity Variations And Assess Environmental Stressors. Results Revealed Physico-chemical Parameters Remained Within Desirable Limits Specified By Indian Drinking Water Standard IS 10500:2012. Read more Read less

Authors: Sandip K. Jagadale | Siddhant S. Dhage | Tejas S. Lokhande | VishwaratnaV. Kamble | Piyush S. Shetti

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Engineering And Management

The State-of-the-Art Review On The Machine Learning Techniques In Banking And Financial Services (BFS)

The Financial Sector Has Undergone Many Changes With The Advancement Of Technology. Artificial Intelligence Algorithms Are Used To Analyze Large Datasets And Support Making Trades At High Speed Based On Market Patterns. Machine Learning Algorithms Di... The Financial Sector Has Undergone Many Changes With The Advancement Of Technology. Artificial Intelligence Algorithms Are Used To Analyze Large Datasets And Support Making Trades At High Speed Based On Market Patterns. Machine Learning Algorithms Discover Trends And Patterns From Data Fed To Examine Creditworthiness More Precisely Than Conventional Methods. By Incorporating ML Techniques, FI Can Enhance Risk Assessment And Make Well-informed Lending Judgments. The Most Commonly Embraced Applications Of Machine Learning In Investment Include Risk Management, Fraud Detection, Customer Support, And Process Automation. The Financial Industry Is Mostly Driven By Customer Expectations And Preferences. The Usage Of Machine Learning In Investment Is Developing And Focusing On Moving In The Direction Of Autonomous Finance. Hence, The Present Study Examines The Development And Influence Of Machine Learning In Investment And Credit Risk Modeling. ML In Financial Institutions Improves Security, Precise Prediction, And Efficiency. ML Positively Influences Investment And Credit Risk Modeling As It Offers Many Benefits. The Present Study Analyses The Impact Of Machine Learning-based Decisions In Preventing Financial Losses. The ML Majorly Enhances The Process Of Decision-making By Predicting Opportunities, Risks, And Threats With Fed Data From The Investor. Furthermore, The Current Study Deliberated On Machine Learning-based Credit Risk Modeling And Investment Challenges. The Main Challenge Is The Over-fitting, Under-fitting, Insufficient, And Poor Quality Of Training Data, Such As Missing And Abnormal Values. Therefore, The Study Also Recommends The Use Of Machine Learning-based Decisions For The Investment. Read more Read less

Authors: Kabir S M | Kirubakaran S | Vijay Kumar J | Sree Vidyaa S

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Civil Engineering

Determination Of Physical And Engineering Properties Of Thermal Power Plant Waste Pond Ash And Its Use In Concrete

An Effects On Concrete By Replacement Of Sand As Thermal Power Plant Pond Ash On Properties Such As Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength, Flexural Strength, Are Studied. The Natural Sand Was Replaced With Pond Ash By 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, A... An Effects On Concrete By Replacement Of Sand As Thermal Power Plant Pond Ash On Properties Such As Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength, Flexural Strength, Are Studied. The Natural Sand Was Replaced With Pond Ash By 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, And 100% By Weight, At Fixed Water-cement Ratio 0.48. Results Shows That The Harden Properties Of Concrete Such As Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength And Flexural Strength Decreased As The Percentage Of Replacement Of Pond Ash Increase Up To 40% And Decreases As Replacement Percentage Increase More Than 40% Compared To Controlled Concrete. In This Slump Was Kept Constant 100 ± 10 Mm Respectively And Achieve The Required Slump Plastizer Were Used As Directed By The Manufacturer, For This Work Dosage Was 0.21% To 0.25%. It Was Observed That Up To 40% Replacement Of Sand As Pond Ash, The Harden Properties Are Approximately Same As That Of The Controlled Concrete. Read more Read less

Authors: Ravinder Singh | Deepak Garg | Dr.Rakesh Patel

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Civil Engineering

REVIEW ON RETROFITTING OF SOFT STOREY BUILDING USING DIFFERENT STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS

In This Segment We Will Be Discussing About Two Different Sub Topics. In The Very Unit We Will Discuss The Summary Of Some Latest Research Papers In This Domain. In The Next One We Will Discuss An Overview Of Existing Design Provisions For OGS Buildi... In This Segment We Will Be Discussing About Two Different Sub Topics. In The Very Unit We Will Discuss The Summary Of Some Latest Research Papers In This Domain. In The Next One We Will Discuss An Overview Of Existing Design Provisions For OGS Buildings As Per Various Design Codes And About Different Concepts And Literatures Given By The Researchers.To Supplement Automated Search, A Manual Search Was Also Done. The Manual Procedure Involved Searching The Reference Sections Of The Papers Identified By The Automated Search And Referring The Text/reference Books. Any Relevant References Within Those Papers/reference Books Were Followed Up On. Read more Read less

Authors: Rahul Singh Bhadoria | Ms. Chaitali Gangwal | Dr. Chaitanya Mishra

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Civil Engineering

Tensegrity Based Towers As An Alternative For Conventional Steel Towers: A Review

Towers Are One Of The Most Common Structures Which Are Constructed Frequently For Providing Essential Facilities. This Project Aims To Provide An Alternate Method For Design Of Towers Implementing The Concept Of Tensegrity. The Tensegrity Structures... Towers Are One Of The Most Common Structures Which Are Constructed Frequently For Providing Essential Facilities. This Project Aims To Provide An Alternate Method For Design Of Towers Implementing The Concept Of Tensegrity. The Tensegrity Structures Possess Features Like Resilience And Are Economical Which Makes It Technology Attractive. The Towers Are Subjected To Wind Loads, Seismic And Other Horizontal And Vertical Loads. Tensegrity Provides A Better Flexibility To The Wind Action And Deforms Easily Into A Slightly Different Shape In A Way That Supports The Applied Forces. The Structures Constructed Are Deployable And Shows Various Characteristics, Discussed In This Report. Tensegrity Structures Follow A Whole Different Approach. Instead Of The “weight And Support” Strategy, They Are Made As A “system Of Equilibrated Omnidirectional Stresses”. They Need Not Be Supported As The Tension Created By The Attraction Of The Earth Is Replaced By The Multidirectional Tension Of Their Members. They Have Applications In Both Civil And Architectural Engineering. Read more Read less

Authors: Deeya More | Dr. Umesh Pendharkar

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Electronics And Communications Engineering

Energy-Efficient VLSI Architectures For Intelligent Biomedical Signal Processing: Review

Recent Advancements In VLSI Technology Have Significantly Transformed Biomedical Signal Processing Systems By Enabling Ultralow-power, Compact, And Intelligent Hardware Platforms For Continuous Health Monitoring. In Particular, Electrocardiogram (ECG... Recent Advancements In VLSI Technology Have Significantly Transformed Biomedical Signal Processing Systems By Enabling Ultralow-power, Compact, And Intelligent Hardware Platforms For Continuous Health Monitoring. In Particular, Electrocardiogram (ECG) And Electroencephalogram (EEG) Signal Processing Applications Have Benefited From The Development Of Energy-efficient Application-specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Mixed-signal System-on-chips (SoCs), And FPGA Accelerators. Ultralow-power ECG Application-specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) Operating In The Nanowatt Range Demonstrate Robustness Against Motion Artifacts And Support Long-term Wearable Monitoring [1]. Energy-efficient Application-specific Integrated Circuits Fabricated Using Deep-submicron CMOS Technologies Further Enable Real-time Cardiovascular Disease Detection With Minimal Power Consumption [2]. Recent Research Has Also Highlighted The Integration Of Artificial Intelligence Techniques, Such As Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Long Short-term Memory (LSTM) Networks, And Data-efficient Neural Models Into VLSI Architectures For Accurate Heartbeat And Arrhythmia Classification [3], [14], [15]. In Addition, Low-power EEG Acquisition SoCs With On-chip Feature Extraction And Compression Engines Have Been Developed To Support Ambulatory And Implantable Neural Monitoring Systems [8], [9]. FPGA-based Accelerators Provide Flexible Platforms For Real-time Biomedical Signal Analysis And Serve As Comparative Benchmarks For Application-specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) Designs [21], [25]. This Paper Presents A Comprehensive Review Of VLSI-based Biomedical Signal Processing Systems, Focusing On Architectural Trends, Power-area Trade-offs, AI-enabled Hardware, Challenges, And Future Research Directions For Next-generation Wearable And Implantable Healthcare Devices. Read more Read less

Authors: Nihalaparvin Abbas | Mibun M B | Basil Babu | HariKrishnan K S

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Mathematics

Clock As A Real-Life Example Of Group Theory

Group Theory Is One Of The Most Fundamental Branches Of Modern Algebra And Plays An Important Role In Various Areas Of Mathematics And Science. However, At The Undergraduate Level, It Is Often Perceived As A Highly Abstract Subject With Little Connec... Group Theory Is One Of The Most Fundamental Branches Of Modern Algebra And Plays An Important Role In Various Areas Of Mathematics And Science. However, At The Undergraduate Level, It Is Often Perceived As A Highly Abstract Subject With Little Connection To Real-life Situations. This Paper Aims To Reduce This Gap By Presenting A Simple And Intuitive Real-life Example Of Group Theory Through The Working Of A Clock. By Modeling The Clock Using Addition Modulo 12, The Study Demonstrates That The Set Of Clock Hours Forms A Cyclic Abelian Group. The Paper Systematically Verifies All Group Axioms And Explains How Everyday Time Calculations Naturally Follow Group-theoretic Principles. The Objective Is Not To Introduce New Theoretical Results, But To Strengthen Conceptual Understanding And Show That Group Theory Is Essentially The Study Of Patterns That Appear In Daily Life. This Work Is Written At A B.Sc. Level And Is Intended To Help Beginners Appreciate The Practical Relevance Of Abstract Algebra. Read more Read less

Authors: Sharanjan Kumar Gargari

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Civil Engineering

Effect Of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash And Rice Husk Ash As Partial Cement Replacement In M20 Grade Concrete

This Study Investigates The Compressive Strength Of Concrete Using Sugarcane Bagasse Ash SBA) And Rice Husk Ash RHA) As Partial Replacements For Cement In M20-grade Concrete. Concrete Cubes Were Produced With Varying Proportions Of SBA And RHA 0%, 10... This Study Investigates The Compressive Strength Of Concrete Using Sugarcane Bagasse Ash SBA) And Rice Husk Ash RHA) As Partial Replacements For Cement In M20-grade Concrete. Concrete Cubes Were Produced With Varying Proportions Of SBA And RHA 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%) And Tested At 7, 14, And 28 Days. Results Demonstrate Substantial Improvements In Compressive Strength At Optimal Replacement Ratios And Highlight Avenues For Cost-effective And Sustainable Construction Read more Read less

Authors: Ranjeet Kumar | Prof. Ajay Verma

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Civil Engineering

Dynamic Analysis Of Mass-Irregular RC Buildings Subjected To Earthquake Loads

This Thesis Investigates The Impact Of Mass Irregularity On The Seismic Performance Of A Reinforced Concrete (RC) Framed Building. Mass Irregularity Occurs When The Seismic Weight Of A Storey Exceeds 200% Of That Of An Adjacent Storey, As Per IS 1893... This Thesis Investigates The Impact Of Mass Irregularity On The Seismic Performance Of A Reinforced Concrete (RC) Framed Building. Mass Irregularity Occurs When The Seismic Weight Of A Storey Exceeds 200% Of That Of An Adjacent Storey, As Per IS 1893 (Part 1): 2002. A Four-storey RC Building Model Was Analyzed Using STAAD PRO Software, With Mass Ratios Increased From 1.0 To 4.0 In Increments Of 0.5 For Each Storey. Key Parameters Evaluated Include Frequency, Time Period, Spectral Acceleration, Base Shear, Storey Shear, Storey Drift, And Mass Participation Factors. Results Indicate That Mass Irregularity Significantly Affects Dynamic Properties, With Maximum Impacts Observed When Irregularity Is At The Top Storey For Frequency And Drift, And At Lower Storeys For Shear Forces. The Study Highlights The Need For Careful Consideration Of Mass Distribution In Seismic Design To Ensure Structural Integrity. Read more Read less

Authors: Mr. Raushan Kumar | Prof. Ajay Verma

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Civil Engineering

EFFECT OF PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT WITH WASTAGE OF MANUFACTUREID AAC AND CLC BLOCKS IN CEMENT MORTAR

In The Current Construction-oriented Environment, It Is Crucial To Find An Additional Cementing Material That Can Enhance Strength While Minimizing Negative Environmental Consequences. The Main Objective Of This Research Project Is To Assess The Feas... In The Current Construction-oriented Environment, It Is Crucial To Find An Additional Cementing Material That Can Enhance Strength While Minimizing Negative Environmental Consequences. The Main Objective Of This Research Project Is To Assess The Feasibility Of Using Autoclave-aerated Concrete Block Dust And Cellular Lightweight Concrete As Partial Substitutes For Cement. Essential Properties Such As Consistency And Specific Gravity Were Evaluated And Compared To Those Of Conventional Portland Cement. The Study Reveals That Incorporating Cellular Lightweight Concrete Block Dust As A Replacement For Up To 20% Of The Standard Mortar Cube Improves Its Strength. However, Higher Levels Of Replacement Result In Slower Hydration And A Porous Microstructure, Leading To Reduced Compressive Strength Of The Cube. The Study Also Indicates That Mortar Cubes Containing 20% Replacement Of Cellular Lightweight Concrete Block Dust Exhibit A Higher Calcite Content Compared To Those With No Replacement, As Observed In A Sample Cube. Read more Read less

Authors: Mr. Hariom Yadav | Prof. Ajay Verma

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) NA

A Study On Compensation Management And Employee Satisfaction

This Paper Examines The Relationship Between Compensation Management Practices And Employee Satisfaction At Pondy Hitech Plastics Pvt. Ltd., Mettupalayam. Using A Descriptive Research Design And A Structured Questionnaire Administered To 100 Employee... This Paper Examines The Relationship Between Compensation Management Practices And Employee Satisfaction At Pondy Hitech Plastics Pvt. Ltd., Mettupalayam. Using A Descriptive Research Design And A Structured Questionnaire Administered To 100 Employees Across Production And Managerial Levels, The Study Analyzes Pay Structure, Incentives, Non-monetary Benefits, And Legal Compliance. Statistical Tools (percentage Analysis, Pearson Correlation, Chi-square, And Multiple Regression) Were Used To Test Relationships. Key Findings Show Moderate Satisfaction With Base Salaries And Strong Appreciation For Non-monetary Benefits (training, Health Insurance, Leave Policies). Significant Dissatisfaction Was Found Regarding Overtime Compensation And Some Incentive Transparency. A Positive Correlation (r ≈ 0.70) Between Perceived Salary Competitiveness And Productivity Motivation Was Observed. Recommendations Include Benchmarking Pay, Improving Overtime Compliance, Increasing Transparency In Incentive Allocation, And Strengthening Non-monetary Reward Programs. Read more Read less

Authors: Sanmathi K | Mrs.B.Geetha

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Management Studies

A STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF INVENTORY MANAGEMENT ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF CHENGALRAYAN CO-OPERTIVE SUGAR MILLS LTD

This Project, Titled “A Study On The Effect Of Inventory Management On The Financial Performance Of Chengalrayan Co-operative Sugar Mills Ltd.”, Investigates The Role Of Inventory Management In Influencing The Financial Efficiency And Profitability O... This Project, Titled “A Study On The Effect Of Inventory Management On The Financial Performance Of Chengalrayan Co-operative Sugar Mills Ltd.”, Investigates The Role Of Inventory Management In Influencing The Financial Efficiency And Profitability Of The Sugar Mill. In Manufacturing Industries, Especially In Agro-based Sectors Like Sugar Production, Managing Inventory Effectively Is Critical To Balancing Production Demands And Cost Control. The Study Aims To Analyze How Different Types Of Inventory - Raw Materials, Work-in-progress, And Finished Goods Are Managed And How Their Turnover Ratios Affect The Financial Performance Of The Organization. These Turnover Ratios Act As Important Financial Indicators That Reflect The Speed And Efficiency Of Inventory Movement Within The Production Cycle. By Reviewing Inventory Records, Financial Statements, And Turnover Data, This Research Applies Analytical Techniques To Assess How Inventory Management Contributes To Operational Stability And Financial Strength. The Study Also Identifies Areas Where Inventory-related Inefficiencies May Be Impacting Overall Performance. The Results Of This Research Are Intended To Provide Practical Insights For Improving Inventory Control And Enhancing The Financial Decision-making Process Within The Organization. Read more Read less

Authors: K.Ramya Varshini | R. Keerthana

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Computer Science And Engineering

Tomato Disease Detection: A Comparative Study Of Transfer Learning With InceptionV3, DenseNet, And VGG19

Tomatoes Are A Major Vegetable Crop Across The Globe, Contributing Significantly To Agriculture And Human Health. Unfortunately, Tomato Cultivation Is Negatively Impacted By Diseases Which Lead To Significant Yield Losses That Hurt The Farmers' Livel... Tomatoes Are A Major Vegetable Crop Across The Globe, Contributing Significantly To Agriculture And Human Health. Unfortunately, Tomato Cultivation Is Negatively Impacted By Diseases Which Lead To Significant Yield Losses That Hurt The Farmers' Livelihoods. In This Paper, We Present A Tomato Disease Detection System Which Utilizes Transfer Learning With Three Very Popular Deep Learning Models, InceptionV3, DenseNet, And VGG19. This Paper Presents A Comprehensive Comparative Study Of The Architectures Of These Models, Measuring And Investigating Their Accuracy And Efficiency For Diagnosing Common Tomato Diseases Before Ultimately Being Able To Determine The Most Capable Model For Agricultural Research In To The Future. Through The Evaluation Of The Performance Of These Models, We Provide Important Knowledge Of Their Strengths And Weaknesses, Which Can Underpin Evidence-based Disease Control Interventions. Our Results Are Indicative Of The Potential To Improve Crop Health Surveillance And Enhance Sustainable Farming Practices. This Work Not Only Advances The Use Of Computer Vision In Agriculture, But Also Provides Practical Interpretation For Farmers And Industry Actors. Developing Reliable Disease Identification Tools Can Enable Early Detection And Treatment Of Plant Disease That Would Result In Yield Losses And Boosting Farm Productivity. Moreover, The Inclusion Of Deep Learning Approaches In Agriculture Allows For Data-driven Decision That Provides And Optimizes Use Of Resources And Efficiencies In Operations. Collaborative Research That Emphasizes The Integration Of Artificial Intelligence To Modernize Agriculture Will Improve Collaboration Between Technology And Agriculture. These Findings Have Implications For Increasing Food Security, Revitalizing Rural Economies, And Promoting Environmental Sustainability, Moving The Agricultural Sector Forward In A Meaningful Way. Read more Read less

Authors: Jibrin Abdullahi Dallatu | Hassan Shaibu | Abdulrauf Jibrin Gulani | Yunusa Muhammed | Abdullahi Mai-Abba | Habibu Ibrahim Usman | Muhammad Muhammad Koyami | Alkali Nanami Lantewa

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Management Studies

A Study On Employee Training And Development Programs At GoodMan Pharma,Thirubuvanai

In The Modern Competitive Business Environment, Organizations Are Increasingly Focusing On Employee Development To Enhance Productivity, Efficiency, And Job Satisfaction. Training And Development Programs Have Emerged As A Vital Tool For Improving Wo... In The Modern Competitive Business Environment, Organizations Are Increasingly Focusing On Employee Development To Enhance Productivity, Efficiency, And Job Satisfaction. Training And Development Programs Have Emerged As A Vital Tool For Improving Workforce Competency And Achieving Organizational Excellence. The Research Explores How Structured Training Programs, Skill Enhancement Workshops, And Continuous Learning Initiatives Contribute To Employee Growth And Organizational Success. It Also Assesses Employees’ Perceptions Of Training Relevance, Frequency, And Applicability To Their Job Roles. By Understanding The Relationship Between Training, Motivation, And Productivity, The Study Identifies Gaps In The Current System And Provides Suggestions For Improvement. This Study Highlight That Well-planned And Effectively Executed Training Programs Not Only Improve Technical And Behavioral Competencies But Also Foster Commitment And Satisfaction Among Employees. Read more Read less

Authors: M. Sarathi | Mrs. B. Geetha

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) FINANCE

A STUDY ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF ACE TECH WORLD PVT.LTD.

The Present Study Examines The Financial Performance Of An Organisation By Employing Comprehensive Financial Analysis Tools, With A Primary Focus On Accounting Ratios. Financial Performance Analysis Is Essential For Assessing The Operational Efficien... The Present Study Examines The Financial Performance Of An Organisation By Employing Comprehensive Financial Analysis Tools, With A Primary Focus On Accounting Ratios. Financial Performance Analysis Is Essential For Assessing The Operational Efficiency, Profitability, Liquidity, And Long-term Solvency Of A Business. In This Study, Key Financial Indicators Such As Liquidity Ratios, Profitability Ratios, Leverage Ratios, And Efficiency Ratios Are Analysed To Evaluate The Organisation’s Overall Financial Health. The Analysis Aims To Identify Trends, Strengths, Weaknesses, And Areas Requiring Managerial Attention. The Findings Of The Study Provide Insights Into How Effectively The Organisation Utilises Its Financial Resources, Manages Its Obligations, And Generates Returns For Stakeholders. The Outcomes Of This Research Can Serve As A Valuable Reference For Management, Investors, Policymakers, And Researchers In Understanding Financial Patterns And Supporting Strategic Decision-making. Overall, The Study Highlights The Importance Of Systematic Financial Evaluation In Enhancing Organisational Performance And Ensuring Sustainable Growth. Read more Read less

Authors: S. Arun Kumar | MS.S.Visalakshi

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Finance

A Study On Non Performing Assets And Its Impact On Profitability

This Study Examines The Impact Of Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) On The Profitability Of Indian Overseas Bank (IOB) During The Period 2021–2025. NPAs Have Become A Major Concern In The Indian Banking Sector As They Affect Liquidity, Profitability, And... This Study Examines The Impact Of Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) On The Profitability Of Indian Overseas Bank (IOB) During The Period 2021–2025. NPAs Have Become A Major Concern In The Indian Banking Sector As They Affect Liquidity, Profitability, And Overall Financial Stability. The Research Aims To Analyze The Trend Of Gross And Net NPAs, Evaluate Their Effect On Key Profitability Indicators Such As Return On Assets (ROA), Return On Equity (ROE), And Net Profit Margin, And Assess The Effectiveness Of Recovery Mechanisms Adopted By The Bank. The Study Follows An Analytical Research Design Based On Secondary Data Obtained From IOB Annual Reports And RBI Publications. Tools Such As Trend Analysis, Percentage Analysis, And Multiple Regression Were Applied To Interpret The Data. The Findings Show A Continuous Decline In Gross And Net NPAs, Indicating Better Asset Quality And Improved Recovery Performance, While Profitability Ratios Have Shown Consistent Growth. Regression Analysis Confirms That Higher NPAs Negatively Influence Profitability. The Study Concludes That Efficient NPA Management, Strict Credit Appraisal, And Continuous Monitoring Are Essential For Improving Financial Performance And Ensuring Sustainable Growth Of The Bank. Read more Read less

Authors: S. Keerthana | Mrs. R. Keerthana

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) FINANCE

A STUDY ON COST VOLUME PROFIT ANALYSIS ON MEDISTARK BIOTECH PVT.LTD

This Project Study Analyses The Financial Performance Of Medistark Biotech Pvt. Ltd. Using Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) Analysis As The Primary Evaluation Tool. The Study Is Based Entirely On Secondary Data Collected From The Company’s Financial Statemen... This Project Study Analyses The Financial Performance Of Medistark Biotech Pvt. Ltd. Using Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) Analysis As The Primary Evaluation Tool. The Study Is Based Entirely On Secondary Data Collected From The Company’s Financial Statements For The Period 2020–2024. Key CVP Techniques Such As Break-even Analysis, Contribution Margin, Profit-volume (P/V) Ratio, Margin Of Safety, And Profitability Ratios Were Applied To Understand The Relationship Between Cost, Sales Volume, And Profit. The Results Indicate That The Company Achieved Its Strongest Performance In 2021, With The Highest Levels Of Revenue, Profit, And Operational Efficiency. However, From 2022 Onwards, Profitability Declined Due To Rising Fixed Costs, Decreasing Contribution Per Unit, And Reduced Operating Margins. The Break-even Point Increased Consistently, Indicating Higher Sales Requirements For Achieving No-loss Conditions. Although Gross Profit Margins And P/V Ratios Remained Relatively Stable, Net Profit Ratio, Return On Assets (ROA), And Return On Equity (ROE) Exhibited Downward Trends. The Margin Of Safety Showed Improvement In The Later Years, Demonstrating The Company’s Ability To Maintain Operations Above The Break-even Point. Overall, The Study Concludes That CVP Analysis Is An Effective Managerial Tool For Assessing Financialstability, Guiding Pricing Decisions, Controlling Costs, And Supporting Strategic Planning. The Findings Emphasize The Need For Improved Cost Efficiency, Enhanced Sales Strategies, And Periodic Review Of Pricing Policies To Strengthen The Company’s Long-term Financial Sustainability. Read more Read less

Authors: S.Jaya Preeethy | Ms.S.Visalakshi

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Human Resource

Study On The Challenges Affecting Employee Efficiency At Integra Software Service Private Limited

Employee Efficiency Remains A Critical Determinant Of Organizational Productivity And Competitive Sustainability. This Study Investigates The Primary Challenges Affecting Employee Performance Across Diverse Workplace Environments. Key Influencing Fac... Employee Efficiency Remains A Critical Determinant Of Organizational Productivity And Competitive Sustainability. This Study Investigates The Primary Challenges Affecting Employee Performance Across Diverse Workplace Environments. Key Influencing Factors Identified Include Excessive Workload, Insufficient Training, Lack Of Motivation, Ineffective Supervision, Workplace Stress, Communication Barriers, And Limited Resource Accessibility. The Research Utilized Primary Data To Assess The Extent To Which These Variables Impact Overall Efficiency And Task Accomplishment. Findings Indicate That Performance Gaps Frequently Stem From Inadequate Organizational Practices, Low Morale, And Limited Skill Enhancement Opportunities. The Study Further Highlights That Strategic Improvements Such As Enhanced Leadership Involvement, Structured Training Initiatives, Improved Internal Communication Frameworks, And Employee Welfare Measure Scan Significantly Elevate Efficiency Levels. Read more Read less

Authors: Rishanth. B | Dr. A. Mathiazhaghan

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Finance

A Study On Cost Volume Profit Analysis And Its Impact On Profitability

This Study Analyses The Impact Of Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) Analysis On The Profitability Of Tenneco Automotive India Pvt. Ltd Over The Period 2020—2024. CVP Analysis Was Employed To Evaluate The Relationship Between Costs, Sales Volume, And Profit Th... This Study Analyses The Impact Of Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) Analysis On The Profitability Of Tenneco Automotive India Pvt. Ltd Over The Period 2020—2024. CVP Analysis Was Employed To Evaluate The Relationship Between Costs, Sales Volume, And Profit Through Break-even Analysis, Contribution Margin, And Profit-volume Ratio. The Research Is Based On Secondary Data Collected From Annual Financial Statements, Covering Key Variables Such As Equity, Liabilities, Fixed Assets, Net Profit, And Return On Investment. The Findings Reveal Notable Fluctuations In Total Equity And Liabilities Across The Study Period, With Current Liabilities And Borrowings Exerting Significant Influence On Profitability. Net Profit Demonstrated An Overall Rising Trend, With Regression Analysis Showing A Strong Positive Correlation (R 0.902) Between Sales Volume, Asset Utilization, And Profitability. Approximately 81% Of The Variation In Net Profit Was Explained By Changes In Cost And Equity Factors, Reflecting The Importance Of Effective Cost Management. The Study Highlights That CVP Analysis Is A Vital Decision-making Tool For Managers In Controlling Costs, Formulating Pricing Strategies, And Optimizing The Sales Mix. It Not Only Supports Short-term Financial Planning But Also Contributes To Long-term Sustainability By Ensuring Efficient Utilization Of Resources In The Competitive Automotive Sector. Read more Read less

Authors: Dharani R | Ms. S. Visalakshi

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Management Studies

A Study On Cashflow Analysis At Siemen's Ltd

Cash Flow Analysis Plays A Critical Role In Evaluating Operational Efficiency, Liquidity, And Financial Strength Of A Company. This Study Examines Siemens Ltd.’s Cash Flow Performance From 2019–2024 Using Ratio Analysis, Trend Analysis, And Compar... Cash Flow Analysis Plays A Critical Role In Evaluating Operational Efficiency, Liquidity, And Financial Strength Of A Company. This Study Examines Siemens Ltd.’s Cash Flow Performance From 2019–2024 Using Ratio Analysis, Trend Analysis, And Comparative Techniques. The Study Highlights Fluctuations In Investing And Financing Activities, Steady Improvement In Operating Cash Flows, And Insights Into Liquidity And Asset Utilization. Findings Show Strong Operational Stability But Signal Improvement Areas In Cash Conversion Efficiency. Read more Read less

Authors: Padmashri.K | Dr.A.Mathiazhagan

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Management Studies

A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF MOTIVATION AND JOB SATISFACTION TOWARDS EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT SRI GANAPATHY POLYMERS

Employees Is A Critical Determinant Of Organizational Success. The Present Study, Titled “Impact Of Motivation And Job Satisfaction On Employee Performance At Sri Ganapathy Polymers,” Aims To Examine The Relationship Between Employee Motivation, Job... Employees Is A Critical Determinant Of Organizational Success. The Present Study, Titled “Impact Of Motivation And Job Satisfaction On Employee Performance At Sri Ganapathy Polymers,” Aims To Examine The Relationship Between Employee Motivation, Job Satisfaction, And Performance. It Explores How Intrinsic And Extrinsic Motivational Factors Influence Employees’ Productivity, Commitment, And Overall Contribution Toward Achieving Organizational Goals. The Research Adopts A Descriptive Research Design To Ensure An Accurate Understanding Of Employee Perceptions. The Study Encompasses The Entire Population Of 115 Employees At Sri Ganapathy Polymers, Representing Departments Such As Production, Marketing, Finance, And Human Resources. Data Were Collected Through Structured Questionnaires Using A Five-point Likert Scale And Analyzed Using Statistical Tools Such As Percentage Analysis, ANOVA, Correlation, And Chi-Square Tests Through SPSS Software. These Tools Were Selected To Assess Demographic Trends, Test Relationships Between Motivation And Satisfaction, And Identify Their Combined Influence On Performance Outcomes. Findings Reveal That Motivation And Job Satisfaction Significantly Influence Employee Performance. A Majority Of Employees Expressed Moderate Levels Of Satisfaction Regarding Rewards, Recognition, And Trust From Management. However, Many Respondents Remained Neutral About Career Advancement, Salary Structure, And Managerial Support, Indicating Potential Areas For Improvement. The ANOVA Results Showed A Significant Difference Between Employee Age And Recognition Of Achievements, While The Correlation Analysis Revealed A Strong Positive Relationship Between Training Opportunities And Peer Support (r= 0.738). The Chi-square Test Further Established A Significant Association Between Gender And Perceptions Of The Working Environment (p = 0.006). These Findings Collectively Confirm That Both Motivation And Job Satisfaction Are Crucial Predictors Of Employee Performance At Sri Ganapathy Polymers. In Conclusion, The Study Reaffirms That Employee Motivation And Job Satisfaction Are Interdependent And Collectively Drive Superior Performance. For Sri Ganapathy Polymers, Fostering A Supportive, Fair, And Growth-oriented Work Culture Will Be Essential To Sustaining Productivity And Competitive Advantage In The Polymer Manufacturing Sector Success. Read more Read less

Authors: Balaji V | Mr.R. Anbarasan

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Management Studies

A Study On Financial Health Of E.I.D Parry (INDIA) Ltd., Through Ratio Analysis.

This Research Examines The Financial Health Of E.I.D. Parry (India) Limited, One Of India’s Leading Sugar And Nutraceutical Companies, Through Ratio Analysis. The Study Evaluates The Company’s Liquidity, Solvency, Profitability, And Efficiency Over A... This Research Examines The Financial Health Of E.I.D. Parry (India) Limited, One Of India’s Leading Sugar And Nutraceutical Companies, Through Ratio Analysis. The Study Evaluates The Company’s Liquidity, Solvency, Profitability, And Efficiency Over A Five-year Period (2021–2025). Using Data Extracted From Audited Annual Reports, Key Ratios Such As Current Ratio, Quick Ratio, Debt-to-Equity Ratio, Proprietary Ratio, And Return On Capital Employed Were Analyzed. The Results Show That While E.I.D. Parry Maintained A Stable Financial Position During The Initial Years, A Decline In Profitability Was Observed In Later Years Due To Rising Costs And Reduced Returns On Capital Employed. Despite Strong Solvency And Moderate Liquidity, The Company Faces Challenges In Profitability And Cost Management. The Study Concludes That Continuous Monitoring Of Ratios And Cost Optimization Strategies Are Essential For Sustaining Long-term Financial Health. Read more Read less

Authors: A. Dharshini | R. Anbarasan

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Management Studies

A Study On Financial Performance Analysis At Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Ltd

This Study Examines The Financial Performance Of Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Company Over A Five-year Period (2020–2025).Using Key Financial Ratios And Comparative Statements, The Analysis Evaluates Profitability, Solvency, Liquidity, Operational... This Study Examines The Financial Performance Of Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Company Over A Five-year Period (2020–2025).Using Key Financial Ratios And Comparative Statements, The Analysis Evaluates Profitability, Solvency, Liquidity, Operational Efficiency, And Risk Exposure. Results Show Fluctuating Underwriting Performance, Rising Claim Costs, Declining Risk Retention, And Moderate But Stable Profitability. Improvements In Expense Efficiency And Consistent Growth In Reserves And Investments Strengthen The Company’s Financial Base. The Findings Provide Insight Into Long-term Sustainability And Operational Resilience In The Indian General Insurance Sector. Read more Read less

Authors: Priyanka Alias Anusha.L | Ms. Keerthana.R

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Management Studies

A STUDY ON COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PRADHAN MANTRI JEEVAN JYOTI BIMA YOJANA AND PRADHAN MANTRI SURAKSHA BIMA YOJANA IN PUDUCHERRY GRAMA BANK IN PUDUCHERRY

This Study Compares The Performance Of The Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY) And The Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY) Implemented Through Puducherry Grama Bank From 2020 To 2024. Using Secondary Data From Bank Records And Go... This Study Compares The Performance Of The Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY) And The Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY) Implemented Through Puducherry Grama Bank From 2020 To 2024. Using Secondary Data From Bank Records And Government Reports, The Study Examines Enrolment Trends, Premium Collection, And Claim Settlement Efficiency. Results Show Steady Growth In Both Schemes, With PMSBY Recording Higher Enrolments Due To Its Low Premium And Accident Coverage Benefits. Claim Settlement Ratios Remained Efficient For Both Schemes, Especially PMSBY With Near-100% Settlements. Despite Positive Performance, Fluctuations In Enrolment Indicate Gaps In Awareness And Renewal Practices. The Study Concludes That Both Schemes Significantly Support Financial Inclusion And Social Protection In Puducherry, While Recommending Improved Awareness And Simplified Renewal Processes. Read more Read less

Authors: Priyanga M | Keerthana.R

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Management Studies

A Study On Working Capital Management And Its Impact On Profitability At Prasanna Precision Tools

The Study Titled “A Study On Working Capital Management And Its Impact On Profitability” Focuses On Analyzing The Efficiency Of Working Capital Management And Its Influence On The Profitability Of Prasanna Precision Tools, Puducherry. The Research Is... The Study Titled “A Study On Working Capital Management And Its Impact On Profitability” Focuses On Analyzing The Efficiency Of Working Capital Management And Its Influence On The Profitability Of Prasanna Precision Tools, Puducherry. The Research Is Based On Secondary Data Collected From The Company’s Financial Statements For A Five-year Period. Analytical Tools Such As Ratio Analysis And Regression Analysis Were Applied To Examine The Relationship Between Liquidity And Profitability. The Results Reveal That Inventories And Receivables Constitute The Major Portion Of Current Assets, While Cash Balances Remain Consistently Low. Liquidity Ratios Such As The Current Ratio And Quick Ratio Show A Declining Trend, Indicating A Gradual Reduction In The Firm’s Ability To Meet Short-term Obligations. Despite This, Profitability Ratios Such As Gross Profit Margin And Net Profit Margin Remained Stable, Showing Efficient Cost Control. The Regression Analysis Indicates A Strong Relationship Between Working Capital And Profitability, Though Excessive Liquidity Was Found To Negatively Impact Returns. The Study Concludes That Effective Working Capital Management Is Essential For Balancing Liquidity And Profitability. It Recommends Improving Receivable Collections, Optimizing Inventory Levels, And Reducing Reliance On Short-term Borrowings To Strengthen Financial Stability And Ensure Sustainable Profitability. Read more Read less

Authors: R. Ramyaa | Ms. R. Keerthana

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Management Studies

A STUDY ON PERFORMANCE OF GOVERNMENT SCHEMES AVAILABLE IN PUDUVAI BHARATHIAR GRAMA BANK

Financial Inclusion Aims To Extend Affordable Financial Services To Underserved And Unbanked Communities. Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) Play A Crucial Role In This Mission By Implementing Welfare-based Government Schemes.This Study Evaluates The Enroll... Financial Inclusion Aims To Extend Affordable Financial Services To Underserved And Unbanked Communities. Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) Play A Crucial Role In This Mission By Implementing Welfare-based Government Schemes.This Study Evaluates The Enrollment Performance Of Three Major Social Security Programs—PMJJBY, PMSBY, And APY—implemented By Puduvai Bharathiar Grama Bank (PBGB) Between 2020–21 And 2024–25.Using Secondary Data And Applying Percentage Analysis, Trend Analysis, Comparative Methods, And Growth Rate Calculations, The Study Finds Significant Expansion In Both PMJJBY And PMSBY Enrollments, While APY Shows Fluctuating But Gradually Improving Participation. Overall, PBGB Has Effectively Contributed To Raising Awareness And Increasing Participation In Financial Inclusion Schemes. Read more Read less

Authors: Mohitha Jothi.J | Mrs. Keerthana.R

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Management Studies

A STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF TALENT ACQUISITION AT INTEGRA SOFTWARE SERVICES (PUDUCHERRY)

The Effectiveness Of Talent Acquisition Plays A Crucial Role In Ensuring Organizational Success By Attracting And Retaining Qualified Professionals. This Study, Titled “A Study On Effectiveness Of Talent Acquisition At Integra Software Services Pvt.... The Effectiveness Of Talent Acquisition Plays A Crucial Role In Ensuring Organizational Success By Attracting And Retaining Qualified Professionals. This Study, Titled “A Study On Effectiveness Of Talent Acquisition At Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd. (Puducherry),” Examines The Efficiency Of The Company’s Recruitment Practices And Their Impact On Organizational Outcomes. The Objectives Include Analyzing The Current Talent Acquisition Strategies, Identifying Key Challenges Faced By HR Professionals, Evaluating The Influence Of Employer Branding And Organizational Culture, And Recommending Strategies To Enhance Workforce Quality. Primary Data Was Collected Through A Structured Questionnaire Administered To Employees Across Various Departments, Roles, And Levels Of Experience. The Responses Were Analyzed Using Statistical Tools Such As Correlation, Chi-square Test, And ANOVA In SPSS. The Findings Indicate That, While Integra Has Adopted Modern Recruitment Tools And Continuously Updates Its Strategies, Challenges Remain In Areas Such As Competition For Talent, Limited Resources, And Managing Diversity. The Results Also Highlight That Employer Branding And Organizational Culture Significantly Influence Candidate Attraction, While Effective Talent Acquisition Practices Positively Impact Employee Performance And Retention. The Study Concludes With Strategic Recommendations, Including Strengthening Employer Branding, Leveraging Data Analytics, Building Academic Collaborations, And Promoting Continuous Skill Development. These Measures Are Expected To Improve The Overall Effectiveness Of The Talent Acquisition Process And Support The Organization In Achieving Its Long-term Goals. Read more Read less

Authors: R.Gajalakshmi | MR.R.Anbarasan

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Mechanical Engineering

Evaluation Of Hurda Biochar For pH Correction In RO Wastewater And Domestic Tap Water”

Biochar Was Produced From Hurda Dry Waste Through High-temperature Pyrolysis (600–700°C) In A Furnace Using An Earthen Pot, Followed By Sieving To A Particle Size Of 300 μm. To Examine Its Applicability In Water Treatment, 1% And 3% (w/w) Biochar Dos... Biochar Was Produced From Hurda Dry Waste Through High-temperature Pyrolysis (600–700°C) In A Furnace Using An Earthen Pot, Followed By Sieving To A Particle Size Of 300 μm. To Examine Its Applicability In Water Treatment, 1% And 3% (w/w) Biochar Doses Were Mixed With RO Wastewater And Tap Water, And PH Changes Were Monitored Over 16 Days In The Environmental Laboratory. The Biochar Reduced The Initial Alkaline PH(9.0–9.5) To Values Between8.43and 8.89 During The First 12 Days, Showing Its Potential For Improving Water Quality For Irrigation Or Soil Nutrient Enrichment. A Rise And Instability In PH After Day 16 Indicate Delayed Release Of Soluble Minerals Or Microbial Activity, Suggesting The Need For Controlled Pre-treatment Or Shorter Contact Periods. The Findings Demonstrate That Hurda-based Biochar Is An Effective Short-term PH-adjusting Material. Read more Read less

Authors: Prof D A Jhaveri | Miss. Gurubai Jewargi | Miss. Shrutika Yazaral | Miss. Pratima Birr | Miss. Janvi Boddu, Miss. Kashamata Kurapati

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Management Studies

THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL POLICY ON WORKPLACE PRODUCTIVITY AT RANE MADRAS LTD

The Study Aims To Explore The Organizational Policies In Enhancing Workplace Productivity, With A Specific Focus On RANE MADRAS LTD. Recognized As A Global Leader In The Consumer Goods Industry, RANE Is Known For Its Innovative And Employee-centric W... The Study Aims To Explore The Organizational Policies In Enhancing Workplace Productivity, With A Specific Focus On RANE MADRAS LTD. Recognized As A Global Leader In The Consumer Goods Industry, RANE Is Known For Its Innovative And Employee-centric Work Culture. This Project Delves Into How RANE Core Cultural Values— Such As Inclusivity, Sustainability, And Adaptability—are Integrated With Progressive Policies That Prioritize Employee Well-being, Leadership Development, And Performance Management. It Examines How These Factors Create A Supportive Environment That Fosters Collaboration, Innovation, And High Productivity. The Study Also Evaluates How RANE MADRAS Policies Align With Its Long-term Strategic Goals, Including Sustainability Initiatives And Talent Retention Strategies, To Maintain A Competitive Edge. Through Qualitative And Quantitative Research Methods, The Project Investigates The Tangible Outcomes Of This Synergy, Such As Improved Employee Engagement, Higher Retention Rates, And Enhanced Organizational Performance. By Analysing RANE MADRAS Approach, This Research Aims To Provide Actionable Insights For Organizations Seeking To Replicate Similar Models To Optimize Workplace Productivity. The Findings Underscore The Crucial Role Of A Strong Organizational Culture, Supported By Effective Policies, In Achieving Sustainable Growth And Fostering A Thriving Workforce. Read more Read less

Authors: R.Akash Arvind | Mrs.B. Geetha

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Management Studies

A Study On Working Capital Management At Prasanna Precision Tools

In Today’s Dynamic Business Environment, Employee This Study Examines How Working Capital Management Influences The Profitability Of Prasanna Precision Tools Between 2021 And 2025. Efficient Handling Of Inventory, Receivables, Cash, And Payables Is E... In Today’s Dynamic Business Environment, Employee This Study Examines How Working Capital Management Influences The Profitability Of Prasanna Precision Tools Between 2021 And 2025. Efficient Handling Of Inventory, Receivables, Cash, And Payables Is Essential For Maintaining Liquidity And Ensuring Operational Continuity In Manufacturing Firms. Using Secondary Financial Data, The Study Applies Tools Such As Ratio Analysis, Trend Analysis, And Working Capital Schedules. Results Show That Working Capital And Liquidity Improved Significantly In 2024–2025, Leading To Better Profitability. However, The Company Continues To Face Challenges Such As Slow Inventory Movement And Inconsistent Credit Management. The Study Concludes That Strong Working Capital Practices Directly Support Higher Profitability. Read more Read less

Authors: G.Arun | Mrs. B. Geetha

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Management Studies

A Study On The Effectiveness Of Grievance Redressal Committee In Resolving Grievance At Ramsays Corporation Private Ltd

The Study Titled “A Study On The Effectiveness Of Grievance Redressal Committee In Resolving Grievances At Ramsays Corporation Private Limited” Examines The Efficiency, Transparency, And Responsiveness Of The Organization’s Grievance Redressal Mechan... The Study Titled “A Study On The Effectiveness Of Grievance Redressal Committee In Resolving Grievances At Ramsays Corporation Private Limited” Examines The Efficiency, Transparency, And Responsiveness Of The Organization’s Grievance Redressal Mechanism. The Primary Objective Is To Evaluate How Effectively The Committee Addresses Employee Grievances And Fosters A Harmonious Work Environment. Primary Data Were Collected Using Structured Questionnaires Administered To Employees Across Various Departments, While Secondary Data Were Obtained From Company Documents, Policy Manuals, And Official Records. Statistical Tools Such As Chi-square, ANOVA, And Regression Analysis Were Employed To Assess The Relationship Between The Effectiveness Of The Grievance Redressal System And Employee Satisfaction.The Findings Indicate That Communication Quality, Procedural Transparency, Fairness In Decision-making, And Promptness Of Action Significantly Influence Employees’ Trust In The Committee Read more Read less

Authors: M. Monica | Dr. R. Sivakumar

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Management Studies

A STUDY ON PRICE FLUCTUATIONS OF RAW MATERIAL COST AND ITS IMPACT ON PROFITABILITY AT MANSIO ALUMINIUM KITCHEN PRIVATE LIMITED

This Study Analyzes How Fluctuations In Aluminium Raw Material Costs Affect The Profitability Of Mansio Aluminium Kitchen Pvt. Ltd., Puducherry, Using Secondary Data From 2020–21 To 2024–25. Tools Such As Trend Analysis, Ratio Analysis, And Regressio... This Study Analyzes How Fluctuations In Aluminium Raw Material Costs Affect The Profitability Of Mansio Aluminium Kitchen Pvt. Ltd., Puducherry, Using Secondary Data From 2020–21 To 2024–25. Tools Such As Trend Analysis, Ratio Analysis, And Regression Analysis Were Applied To Examine The Relationship Between Raw Material Costs, Revenue, And Profit Ratios. The Results Show A Strong Inverse Relationship Between Aluminium Prices And Profitability: Periods Of Higher Raw Material Costs Led To Lower Gross And Net Profit Margins, While Significant Cost Reductions Improved Financial Performance. Regression Findings Further Indicate That Price Volatility Affects Budgeting And Financial Planning. The Study Concludes That Effective Procurement Strategies, Supplier Diversification, Flexible Budgeting, And Accurate Cost Forecasting Are Essential To Minimize The Adverse Effects Of Raw Material Price Fluctuations And Ensure Sustainable Profitability. Read more Read less

Authors: S. Subathra | Ms. S. Visalakshi

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Management Studies

A Study On Financial Performance Analysis With Reference To Sri Ganapathy Polymers, Puducherry

The Study Titled “Financial Performance Analysis With Reference To Sri Ganapathy Polymers, Puducherry” Investigates The Financial Soundness, Profitability, Liquidity Position, And Overall Operational Efficiency Of The Organisation. The Primary Object... The Study Titled “Financial Performance Analysis With Reference To Sri Ganapathy Polymers, Puducherry” Investigates The Financial Soundness, Profitability, Liquidity Position, And Overall Operational Efficiency Of The Organisation. The Primary Objective Is To Analyse The Financial Statements For A Selected Period Using Tools Such As Ratio Analysis, Comparative Financial Statements, And Common Size Statements. The Study Is Based On Secondary Data Collected From Annual Reports, Audited Statements, And Relevant Journals. The Findings Reveal The Strengths And Weaknesses In The Company’s Financial Performance And Highlight Areas Requiring Managerial Attention. The Results Support Better Strategic Decision-making In Financial Planning, Investment, And Cost Control. The Study Concludes That Systematic Financial Analysis Is Essential For Ensuring The Long-term Stability And Competitiveness Of Sri Ganapathy Polymers Read more Read less

Authors: Arulsaikumaran. S | Ms. Visalakshi. S

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Management Studies

A STUDY ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS NITHYA PACKAGING PVT LTD

The Study Titled “Financial Performance Analysis Of Nithiya Packaging Private Limited” Examines The Financial Strength, Stability, And Operational Efficiency Of The Company Over A Five-year Period. The Analysis Focuses On Key Financial Indicators Suc... The Study Titled “Financial Performance Analysis Of Nithiya Packaging Private Limited” Examines The Financial Strength, Stability, And Operational Efficiency Of The Company Over A Five-year Period. The Analysis Focuses On Key Financial Indicators Such As Liquidity, Profitability, Solvency, And Operational Efficiency Using Tools Including Comparative Balance Sheet, Common Size Statement, And Ratio Analysis. Secondary Data Collected From Published Financial Statements Was Used To Evaluate Trends And Identify Financial Strengths And Weaknesses. The Findings Indicate That The Company Has Shown Consistent Growth In Assets, Reserves, And Overall Financial Position, Supported By Steady Expansion In Manufacturing Capacity And Investments. Liquidity Ratios Displayed Fluctuations, Reflecting Varying Short-term Financial Flexibility, While Solvency Ratios Showed Stable Long-term Financial Health. The Study Highlights Areas Requiring Managerial Attention, Such As Efficient Working Capital Utilization And Reduction Of Short-term Liabilities. Overall, The Analysis Concludes That Nithiya Packaging Private Limited Maintains A Stable Financial Structure With Positive Growth Trends, Supporting Future Expansion And Sustainability. The Study Also Provides Suggestions To Enhance Financial Performance And Strengthen The Company’s Competitive Position In The Manufacturing Sector. Read more Read less

Authors: V. SaranKumar | Dr.L. kaitha

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Management Studies

A Study On Impact Of Inventory Management On Financial Performance Of Shyaam Scientific And Surgicals

The Study Titled “A Study On The Impact Of Inventory Management On Financial Performance Of Shyaam Scientific And Surgicals” Micro-enterprise Engaged In The Distribution Of Scientific, Laboratory, And Surgical Equipment. The Research Focuses On Under... The Study Titled “A Study On The Impact Of Inventory Management On Financial Performance Of Shyaam Scientific And Surgicals” Micro-enterprise Engaged In The Distribution Of Scientific, Laboratory, And Surgical Equipment. The Research Focuses On Understanding How Techniques Such As ABC Analysis, Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), Ratio Analysis, And Regression Contribute To Efficient Inventory Control And Overall Financial Stability. Using Five Years Of Secondary Data From Balance Sheets And Profit And Loss Statements, The Study Analyzes Liquidity, Solvency, And Profitability Indicators To Evaluate The Firm's Financial Health. The Findings Reveal That High-value Inventory Items Require Stringent Monitoring, While Low-value Items Demand Only Basic Control. EOQ Results Highlight Significant Variation In Optimal Order Sizes Due To Differences In Demand And Holding Costs. Ratio Analysis Shows Consistently Strong Liquidity, Decreasing Financial Leverage, And Improving Profitability From 2021 To 2025. Regression Results Demonstrate A Strong Practical Relationship Between Liquidity Ratios And Inventory Turnover, Though Statistical Significance Is Limited Due To Small Sample Size. Overall, The Study Concludes That Effective Inventory Management Significantly Enhances Operational Efficiency, Cost Control, And Long-term Financial Performance. Recommendations Include Adopting Technology-based Inventory Systems, Optimizing Order Quantities, Strengthening Forecasting Methods, And Periodic Review Of Inventory Policies To Further Improve Financial Outcomes. Read more Read less

Authors: G.Sanjai | Mr.T.Chandramohan

Vol 11, Issue 12 (December 2025) Pharmacy

A Review On Ebola Virus Disease

Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) Is A Deadly Hemorrhagic Fever Caused By The Ebola Virus, A Member Of The Filoviridae Family. Due To Increasing Global Migration, The Disease Has Become A Significant International Public Health Concern. In The Early Stages,... Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) Is A Deadly Hemorrhagic Fever Caused By The Ebola Virus, A Member Of The Filoviridae Family. Due To Increasing Global Migration, The Disease Has Become A Significant International Public Health Concern. In The Early Stages, Patients Typically Exhibit General Flu-like Symptoms, Which May Progressively Worsen And Lead To Shock And Failure Of Multiple Organs. At Present, No Definitive Or Targeted Treatment Is Available For EVD; Therefore, Management Mainly Relies On Supportive Care And Symptomatic Relief. This Review Article Offers An In-depth Discussion Of The Ebola Virus, Including Its Clinical Features, Oral Manifestations, Diagnostic Methods, Differential Diagnoses, Prevention Strategies, And Treatment Approaches. Read more Read less

Authors: Sahil Dipchand Khobragade | Manisha Mahadeo Nakade