Volume 11 - Issue 8

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Computer Science

Leveraging Machine Learning Based Regression Analysis To Estimate Customer Churn

Data Science And Machine Learning Are Being Used Extensively For Business Analytics. One Of The Major Applications Happens To Be Estimating Churn And Attrition Rates. In Today’s Competitive Market Landscape, Retaining Customers Is As Crucial As Acqui... Data Science And Machine Learning Are Being Used Extensively For Business Analytics. One Of The Major Applications Happens To Be Estimating Churn And Attrition Rates. In Today’s Competitive Market Landscape, Retaining Customers Is As Crucial As Acquiring New Ones. Churn Rate, Which Measures The Proportion Of Customers Who Discontinue Their Relationship With A Business Over A Specific Period, Is A Critical Metric For Companies Across Industries. Forecasting Churn Enables Businesses To Proactively Address Customer Dissatisfaction And Refine Their Strategies To Retain Valuable Clients. By Understanding The Likelihood Of Churn, Companies Can Make Informed Decisions To Sustain Growth And Profitability. The Proposed Approach Combines Swarm Intelligence And Neural Networks To Forecast Churn Rates. The Results Clearly Indicate That The Proposed Approach Outperforms Existing Baseline Approaches In Terms Of Forecasting Accuracy. Read more Read less

Authors: Manasvi Agarwal | Komal Paliwal

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Chemistry

UNDERSTANDING ANTI-INFLAMMATORY & NSAID AGENTS: A PUBLIC AWARENESS STUDY

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) Represent One Of The Most Widely Prescribed As Well As Over-the-counter Medications Globally. They Are Routinely Used For The Management Of Pain, Fever, And Inflammation, And Have Become An Integral Part... Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) Represent One Of The Most Widely Prescribed As Well As Over-the-counter Medications Globally. They Are Routinely Used For The Management Of Pain, Fever, And Inflammation, And Have Become An Integral Part Of Both Clinical Practice And Self-care. Despite Their Widespread Availability And Therapeutic Value, Public Awareness Regarding The Safe Use Of NSAIDs Remains Inadequate. Many Individuals Consume These Medications Without Appropriate Medical Guidance, Leading To Unmonitored And Prolonged Use. The Misuse Of NSAIDs Is Associated With Several Well-documented Adverse Effects, Including Gastrointestinal Irritation, Peptic Ulceration, Bleeding Tendencies, Renal Impairment, And An Increased Risk Of Cardiovascular Events. Lack Of Knowledge About Proper Dosage, Contraindications, And Drug Interactions Further Increases The Likelihood Of Preventable Complications. This Underscores The Urgent Need To Strengthen Patient Education, Encourage Responsible Prescribing, And Regulate Self-medication Practices. Awareness Campaigns, Patient Counselling, And The Inclusion Of Clear, Accessible Information On Drug Labels Can Play A Pivotal Role In Bridging The Knowledge Gap. Improving Public Understanding Of NSAID Use Will Not Only Enhance Therapeutic Outcomes But Also Significantly Reduce The Healthcare Burden Caused By Adverse Drug Reactions. Read more Read less

Authors: Neha Agarwal | Aniska Chaurasiya | Vikas Singh | Poornima Devi

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Civil Engineering

Geopolymer Concrete By Using Flyash And Ggbs As A Replacement Cement

Concrete Has Occupied An Important Place In Construction Industry In The Past Few Decades And It Is Used Widely In All Types Of Constructions Ranging From Small Buildings To Large Infrastructural Dams Or Reservoirs. Cement Is Major Ingredient Of Conc... Concrete Has Occupied An Important Place In Construction Industry In The Past Few Decades And It Is Used Widely In All Types Of Constructions Ranging From Small Buildings To Large Infrastructural Dams Or Reservoirs. Cement Is Major Ingredient Of Concrete. The Cost Of Cement Is Increasing Day By Day Due To Its Limited Availability And Large Demand. At The Same Time The Global Warming Is Increasing Day By Day. Manufacturing Of Cement Also Releases Carbon Dioxide. In The Present Study An Attempt Been Made On Concrete And Also An Experimental Investigation On The Concrete Using By Replacing Cement With FLYASH And GGBS To Decrease The Usage Of Cement As Well As Emission Of Concrete. Experimental Studies Were Performed On Plain Cement Concrete And Replacement Of Cement With Fly Ash Is Done. In This Study The Concrete Mix Were Prepared By Using Fly Ash, Sodium Silicate, Sodium Hydroxide. A Comparative Analysis Has Been Carried Out For Concrete To The Geopolymer Concrete In Relation To Their Compressive Strength, Split Tension Strength, Acid Resistance And Water Absorption. The Concrete Made With Fly Ash Performed Well In Terms Of Compressive Strength, Split Tension Strength Acid Resistance And Water Absorption Showed Higher Performance At The Age Of 7,14,28 Days Than Conventional Concrete. And Also Two Different Types Of Acid Attack Is Done To Determine The And Compressive Strength Both On Conventional Concrete And Geo Polymeric Concrete. Read more Read less

Authors: Y.Arpan | V.Hemanth Kumar

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Computer Science & Engineering

A Real Time Video Streaming Web Portal

Content-based Video Extracting Is Very Essential Now-a-days. The Exisiting Data Mining Algorithms Are Not Directly Applied To Videos. This Proposed Work Uses Different Data Mining Algorithms For Indexing, Clustering, Searching And Retrieving Content-... Content-based Video Extracting Is Very Essential Now-a-days. The Exisiting Data Mining Algorithms Are Not Directly Applied To Videos. This Proposed Work Uses Different Data Mining Algorithms For Indexing, Clustering, Searching And Retrieving Content-based Videos. A System Will Be Developed In Which Admin Can Upload Videos On Cloud Server.Videos Are Sorted Based On Category And Video Sare Automatically Uploaded On Cloud Server On The Schedule Provided By The Admin.Users Can Watch Videos Online,they Can Download Videos Based On Video Summary And Users Can Rate Videos That Will Beanalyzed By The System.This System Automatically Removes Videos That Are Less Popular So That User’s Time Will Not Be Wasted For Watching The Least Rated Videos. Users Can Share Videos With Other Registered Users Without Using Another Platform In The Proposed System. Read more Read less

Authors: Prof. Katkar M.D. | Miss.Shaikh S.N.

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Pharmacy

A REVIEW : FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF CISSUS QUANDRANGULARIS OINTMENT FOR THE TREATING FRACTURE BONE HEALING

Cissus Quadrangularis Is A Medicinal Plant Traditionally Used In Ayurvedic Medicine For Its Bone-healing Properties. The Plant Contains Bioactive Compounds Such As Ketosterones, Flavonoids, And Triterpenoids, Which Are Believed To Stimulate Bone Form... Cissus Quadrangularis Is A Medicinal Plant Traditionally Used In Ayurvedic Medicine For Its Bone-healing Properties. The Plant Contains Bioactive Compounds Such As Ketosterones, Flavonoids, And Triterpenoids, Which Are Believed To Stimulate Bone Formation And Accelerate Fracture Healing. When Formulated Into An Ointment, Cissus Quadrangularis Can Be Applied Topically Over The Fracture Site To Enhance Local Bone Regeneration, Reduce Inflammation, And Promote Quicker Recovery. Studies Suggest That Such Ointments May Support Callus Formation And Improve The Biomechanical Strength Of Healing Bones, Offering A Complementary Therapy To Conventional Fracture Treatment. Cissus Quadrangularis Ointment For Treating Fracture Bone Healing. Cissus Quadrangularis (CQ), A Traditional Medicinal Plant Widely Used In Ayurveda, Has Been Reputed For Its Bone-healing Properties. Rich In Vitamins, Steroids, And Anabolic Steroidal Substances, CQ Is Known To Enhance Fracture Healing Through Stimulation Of Osteoblast Activity And Reduction Of Inflammation. While Oral Formulations Have Been Well-documented, Topical Applications Such As Ointments Are Gaining Attention For Localized And Targeted Therapeutic Benefits.Cissus Quadrangularis Has Gained Attention As A Natural Therapeutic Agent For Enhancing Bone Fracture Healing, Often Compared With Conventional Treatments Such As Calcium Supplements, Vitamin D, And Other Pharmacological Agents. Studies Have Demonstrated That Cissus Quadrangularis Not Only Accelerates The Healing Process But Also Improves Bone Strength And Mineralization More Effectively Than Standard Therapies Alone. Its Phytochemical Components—such As Ketosteroids, Flavonoids, And Calcium—contribute To Osteoblastic Activity And Collagen Synthesis, Which Are Essential For Bone Regeneration. Compared To Placebo Or Standard Calcium Therapy, Patients And Animal Models Treated With Cissus Quadrangularis Often Show Reduced Healing Time, Better Callus Formation, And Improved Clinical Outcomes. While Preliminary Results Are Promising, Further Comparative Clinical Trials Are Needed To Fully Validate Its Effectiveness And Integrate It Into Mainstream Orthopedic Care. Read more Read less

Authors: U.Thendralarasi | K.Malarvizhi

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) CSE

HUMAN IDENTIFICATION USING DENTAL BIOMETRICS- A REVIEW

Human Identification Is A Vital Component Of Forensic Science, Crime Scenes, And In Addition To Mass Disaster Victim Identification. There Exists Plenty Of Conventional Biometrics Such As Fingerprint, Face Recognition, Etc.; However, Dental Biometric... Human Identification Is A Vital Component Of Forensic Science, Crime Scenes, And In Addition To Mass Disaster Victim Identification. There Exists Plenty Of Conventional Biometrics Such As Fingerprint, Face Recognition, Etc.; However, Dental Biometrics Can Be An Excellent Alternative As Dental Features Are Unique, Non-easily Wearable, And Post-mortem Resistant. This Survey Of The Literature Assesses Some Of The Approaches Used To Identify A Human Being Using Dental Biometrics, Including The Conventional Approaches And The New Methods Used In Image Processing, Machine Learning, And Deep Neural Networks. It Examines The Methodologies, Highlights The Substantive Findings, Evaluates The Performance Measures, And Approaches The Gaps Present And Probable Subsequent Studies On This Topic. Read more Read less

Authors: Azmath Unnisa | Dr Nirmala S Guptha | Dr Sanjeev Linga Reddy

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Pharmaceutics

A Novel Solvent-Free Polyherbal Triple-Layer Capsule Of Euphorbia Hirta, Gymnema Sylvestre And Trigonella Foenum-graecum For Controlled Diabetes Therapy And Wound Healing

The Current Study Addresses The Innovative Design And Development Of A New, Eco-friendly Triple-layer Herbal Capsule Aimed At Managing Diabetes Mellitus And Its Chronic Complications, With A Specific Emphasis On Impaired Wound Healing. This Novel Cap... The Current Study Addresses The Innovative Design And Development Of A New, Eco-friendly Triple-layer Herbal Capsule Aimed At Managing Diabetes Mellitus And Its Chronic Complications, With A Specific Emphasis On Impaired Wound Healing. This Novel Capsule Incorporates The Three Herbal Substances Gymnema Sylvestre, Euphorbia Hirta, And Trigonella Foenum-graecum, And Each Of Them Has Been Embedded In A Particular Layer Of The Capsule To Allow Sequential Release Of The Ingredients, Thus Addressing Several Stages And Sites Of Diabetes-related Pathology. The Herbal Capsule Is Formulated Using Direct Compression, Dry Granulation, And Dry Powder Coating, Which Ensures No Residual Solvents Are Present, Thus Contributing To Pharmaceutical Sustainability. Each Layer Of The Capsule Is Designed To Release The Actives At A Specific Target Site For A Function-specific Action. Layer 1 (Outer Layer): The Outermost Layer Is Euphorbia Hirta, Which Is Rich In Flavonoids That Have Antioxidant Properties And Can Heal Wounds. It Is Designed For Immediate Gastric Disintegration To Dampen Oxidative Stress And Microbial Load As Early As Possible. Layer 2 (Middle Layer): The Middle Layer Is Gymnema Sylvestre, Which Has Gymnema Acids That Aim For Controlled Gastric Release In The Upper Intestine To Achieve Inhibition Of Glucose Absorption And Stimulation Of Insulin Secretion. Layer 3 (Core Layer): The Core Layer Is Trigonella Foenum-graecum (fenugreek), Which Is Rich In Saponins And Galactomannans. It Is Designed For Sustained Release In The Distal Gut To Achieve Long-term Control Of Anti-inflammatory And Anti-glycemic Action. Phytoconstituents Were Obtained Using Green Techniques And Characterized Through Preliminary Phytochemical Screening And UV Vis Spectroscopy. The Evaluation Plan Includes Testing Excipient Blending And Micro Particle Sizing, Physicochemical Attributes, And Disintegration And Dissolution Testing In Simulated Gastrointestinal Fluids, Bioactive Marker Spectrophotometry, And Quantitation By Marker Ratio Method. Assessing The Antioxidant Capacity By DPPH Method And Bioactive Relevance Through Glucose Uptake Analysis. This System For Delivery Tackles The Various Aspects Of Diabetes By Improving Formulation, Phytochemical Stability, Adherence, And Phytochemical Stability Of The Medication. The Solvent-free, Site-specific Method Used In This Case Can Be Applied To Various Other Cases, Which Makes It Ideal For Patenting And Progression Through Regulatory Requirements. In This Case, The Next Steps Will Be The In Vitro Release Assays, Diastolic And Systolic Function Preclinical Studies, And Thorough Stability Studies To Facilitate A Faster Time To Market Read more Read less

Authors: R.Abishek | Mrs.K.Malarvizhi

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Civil Engineering

Stabilization Of Sub Garde Of Soil By Using Geo Grids

Stabilization Is The Process Which Involves Enhancing The Physical Properties Of The Soil In Order To Improve Its Strength, Durability Etc., By Blending Or Mixing With Additives. The Different Types Of Methods Used For Soil Stabilization Are; Soil St... Stabilization Is The Process Which Involves Enhancing The Physical Properties Of The Soil In Order To Improve Its Strength, Durability Etc., By Blending Or Mixing With Additives. The Different Types Of Methods Used For Soil Stabilization Are; Soil Stabilization Using Cement, Soil Stabilization Using Lime, Soil Stabilization Using Bitumen, Chemical Stabilization And A New Emerging Technology Of Stabilization That Is Stabilization Of Soil By Using Geo-synthetics. Geo-synthetics Are Synthetic Products Made From Various Types Of Polymers Which Either Woven Or Non-woven .These Are Used To Enhance The Characteristics Of Soil And Have Provided A Practical Way Of Constructing Civil Engineering Structures Economically. In This Study, The Results Of Studies On The Performance Of Geogrids Within Sub Grade Soils Are Carried Out Experimentally Utilizing The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) Testing Arrangement. The Sub Grade Soil Is Subjected To The Following Laboratory Tests; Particle Size Analysis, Atterberg’s Limits, Specific Gravity Test, Compaction Test And CBR Tests Are Conducted On Soil Samples With And Without The Inclusion Of Geogrid Layer And Also By Varying The Position Of It In The Mould. Use Of Geogrid Increases The CBR Value Of The Sub Grade And Thereby Reduces The Pavement Thickness. It Reduces The Intensity Of Stress On Sub Grade. It Was Found That For The Two Samples The CBR Values Increased At 3H/4 Height When Compared To H/2,H/4 Heights From The Bottom. The Optimum Height Of Placement Was Found At A Height Of 3H/4 From The Bottom. Read more Read less

Authors: B.Delhi Raja | M.Madhuri

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Computer Science Networks And Security

TOPOLOGY USING NS2 AND CISCO PACKET TRACER

The Star Topology Is A Fundamental Network Architecture Widely Adopted For Its Simplicity, Centralized Management, And Ease Of Troubleshooting. In This Paper, We Present A Comprehensive Simulation And Analysis Of The Star Topology Using NS2 (Network... The Star Topology Is A Fundamental Network Architecture Widely Adopted For Its Simplicity, Centralized Management, And Ease Of Troubleshooting. In This Paper, We Present A Comprehensive Simulation And Analysis Of The Star Topology Using NS2 (Network Simulator 2) And Cisco Packet Tracer To Evaluate Its Performance, Reliability, And Scalability In Modern Networks. The Implementation Involves Connecting Multiple Nodes (PCs, Servers) To A Central Hub Or Switch, Forming A Star-shaped Structure. Using NS2, We Analyze Critical Performance Metrics Such As Latency, Throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), And Jitter Under Varying Traffic Loads. Additionally, Cisco Packet Tracer Is Employed To Model Real-world Scenarios, Including Link Failures, Congestion Control, And Dynamic Routing Protocols (e.g., RIP, OSPF), Providing A Hands-on Understanding Of Fault Tolerance And Network Recovery. Challenges Like Single Point Failure (hub Dependency) Are Also Examined, With Proposed Mitigation Strategies, Such As Redundant Hubs Or Hybrid Topologies. This Study Serves As A Practical Guide For Network Designers And Educators, Using NS2 For Quantitative Analysis And Packet Tracer For Visual Experimentation To Optimize Star-based Networks For Diverse Applications. Read more Read less

Authors: AMRITHA P | SURANYA DAS M S

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Kanchipuram

Synergistic Effect Of Hyaluronic Acid With Vitamins And Antioxidants In Anti-aging Products

Skin Aging Is A Complex Biological Process Influenced By Both Intrinsic (chronological) And Extrinsic (environmental) Factors, Resulting In The Structural And Functional Decline Of The Skin. Recent Developments In Cosmetic Dermatology Have Highlighte... Skin Aging Is A Complex Biological Process Influenced By Both Intrinsic (chronological) And Extrinsic (environmental) Factors, Resulting In The Structural And Functional Decline Of The Skin. Recent Developments In Cosmetic Dermatology Have Highlighted The Combined Use Of Hyaluronic Acid (HA) With Vitamins And Antioxidants, Which Has Proven To Be A Promising Strategy In Creating Advanced Anti-aging Formulations. Hyaluronic Acid, A Naturally Occurring Glycosaminoglycan, Is Crucial For Maintaining Skin Hydration, Elasticity, And Barrier Integrity. When Paired With Vitamins Such As Vitamin C (ascorbic Acid), Vitamin E (tocopherol), And Vitamin B5 (panthenol), HA Boosts Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms And Aids In Collagen Synthesis(3). Moreover, Natural Antioxidants Like Coenzyme Q10, Resveratrol, And Green Tea Polyphenols Enhance The Skin’s Capacity To Neutralize Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), Thereby Mitigating Oxidative Stress-related Skin Damage(1). Synergistic Formulations Exhibit Greater Efficacy Than Individual Agents, As Demonstrated By Improved Skin Hydration, Decreased Wrinkle Depth, Enhanced Elasticity, And Overall Rejuvenation(2). This Review Examines The Molecular Mechanisms, Therapeutic Benefits, And Formulation Strategies Of Integrating HA With Vitamins And Antioxidants In Anti-aging Skincare, Supported By Contemporary Scientific Literature, And Emphasizes Their Roles In Collagen Synthesis. Read more Read less

Authors: M.Keerthana | Dr.G.Mariyappan

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Computer Science

Development Of An Adaptive Machine Learning Framework For Real-Time Anomaly Detection In Cybersecurity

The Exponential Growth Of Digital Infrastructures And The Increasing Sophistication Of Cyber-attacks Necessitate The Development Of Intelligent, Adaptive, And Real-time Defense Mechanisms. Traditional Signature-based Intrusion Detection Systems Often... The Exponential Growth Of Digital Infrastructures And The Increasing Sophistication Of Cyber-attacks Necessitate The Development Of Intelligent, Adaptive, And Real-time Defense Mechanisms. Traditional Signature-based Intrusion Detection Systems Often Fail To Detect Zero-day Exploits And Evolving Attack Patterns, Making Anomaly Detection A Critical Component Of Modern Cybersecurity. This Research Proposes An Adaptive Machine Learning Framework Capable Of Detecting Anomalies In Real Time By Integrating Streaming Data Analysis, Dynamic Feature Selection, And Continuous Model Optimization. The Framework Leverages A Hybrid Learning Paradigm That Combines Supervised And Unsupervised Techniques—specifically, Ensemble-based Classification For Known Threats And Clustering-based Outlier Detection For Unknown Patterns. A Key Innovation Lies In The Adaptive Retraining Module, Which Incrementally Updates The Model Parameters In Response To Evolving Network Behaviors And Attack Signatures Without Requiring Full Retraining, Thereby Reducing Computational Overhead. The System Architecture Incorporates Data Preprocessing, Feature Engineering, Adaptive Model Selection, And Decision Fusion Layers To Ensure High Detection Accuracy And Minimal False Positives. Real-world Network Traffic Datasets, Such As UNSW-NB15 And CIC-IDS2017, Were Used To Validate The Framework’s Effectiveness. Experimental Results Demonstrate An Average Detection Accuracy Exceeding 98% With A Significant Improvement In Detection Latency Compared To Baseline Methods. This Approach Shows Strong Potential For Deployment In Live Cybersecurity Environments, Offering Robust Defences Against Both Known And Unknown Threats. The Proposed Framework Can Be Extended To Support Multi-modal Data Sources, Enabling Its Integration Into Large-scale Security Information And Event Management (SIEM) Systems For Proactive Threat Mitigation. Read more Read less

Authors: Thangatharani T | Dr.M,Subalakshmi

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) PHARMACEUTICS

AI IN DRUG DISCOVERY AND FUTURE PROSPECTS

The Goal Of The Computer Science Subfield Of Artificial Intelligence Is To Create Systems That Are Capable Of Doing Tasks That Are Typically Performed By Humans. Artificial Intelligence Has Been Incorporated Into The Pharmaceutical And Management. B... The Goal Of The Computer Science Subfield Of Artificial Intelligence Is To Create Systems That Are Capable Of Doing Tasks That Are Typically Performed By Humans. Artificial Intelligence Has Been Incorporated Into The Pharmaceutical And Management. Because AI Can Analyse Massive Datasets And Predict Drug-target (receptor) Interactions, It Can Significantly Reduce Time And Expenditure In The Drug Discovery Process.Artificial Intelligence (AI) Algorithms That Evaluate Actual Patient Data Can Support Personalized Medical Strategies, Improving Patient Adherence And Treatment Results. This Thorough Analysis Looks At Drug Discovery And Potential Future Developments. The Pharmaceutical Business Is Currently Experiencing A Boom Period In Artificial Intelligence, Which Is Creating Opportunities For The Discovery Of Numerous Novel Drugs. Human Disease Rates Are Rising Dramatically, Yet The Number Of Drugs Available To Treat Or Cure These Conditions Is Very Small. However, This Type Of Situation Won't Exist In The Future Due To The Pharmaceutical Industry's Integration With AI, Which Speeds Up Medication Discovery And Improves Clinical Outcomes. AI-based Drug Discovery Techniques Are Being Used By Numerous Pharmaceutical Companies To Treat A Variety Of Illnesses, Including Parkinson's Disease, Diabetes, Alzheimer's, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Etc. Read more Read less

Authors: Thanushiya.S | K.Malarvizhi

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Social Science

COVID-19 In Nagpur: A Peri-Urban Case Study On Policy Response, Testing Patterns, And Administrative Challenges

This Study Analyzes The Public Health Response To COVID-19 And The Administrative Experiences Of Public Servants In Nagpur, Maharashtra, With A Focus On The Peri-urban Hingna Tahsil. Conducted During April 2021, The Study Combines Retrospective Data... This Study Analyzes The Public Health Response To COVID-19 And The Administrative Experiences Of Public Servants In Nagpur, Maharashtra, With A Focus On The Peri-urban Hingna Tahsil. Conducted During April 2021, The Study Combines Retrospective Data (May–November 2020) And Field-based Insights To Assess Government Interventions During The First And Second Pandemic Waves. It Explores Spatial Dynamics, Testing Trends, And The Effectiveness Of Containment And Food Security Measures. Data From Over 35,000 RT-PCR Tests Were Analyzed To Understand Age-wise, Gender-wise, And Zonal Distribution Of Cases. The Results Show A Sharp Escalation In Cases During April 2020 And Peak Testing Volumes In September. The 21–60 Age Group Exhibited The Highest Infection And Testing Rates, Particularly Among Males. Urban Containment Zones Like Lakshmi Nagar And Mangalwari Led In Testing Coverage, Indicating Effective But Uneven Healthcare Access. Government Officials Reported Logistical Challenges In Enforcing Lockdowns, Maintaining Food Supply Chains, And Managing Migration. However, Innovative Responses Like Drone Surveillance And Decentralized Food Distribution Were Appreciated. The Study Highlights Gaps In Urban-rural Coordination And Provides Policy Recommendations For Future Pandemic Preparedness And Food System Resilience. Read more Read less

Authors: Ashwini Chaudhari | Dr. Yogesh Singh | Dr. Sandeep Bhowate

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Marketing

A STUDY ON THE CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR OF SMSRTPHONES

This Research Looks At How Consumers Purchase Smartphones, Examining The Factors That Influence These Purchases. The Smartphone Market Is Highly Dynamic, And Manufacturers Need To Understand What Consumers Want In Order To Remain Competitive. This Re... This Research Looks At How Consumers Purchase Smartphones, Examining The Factors That Influence These Purchases. The Smartphone Market Is Highly Dynamic, And Manufacturers Need To Understand What Consumers Want In Order To Remain Competitive. This Research Uses Both Qualitative And Quantitative Methods, Including Surveys And Interviews With A Range Of Consumers. Brand Loyalty, Price Sensitivity, Technological Features, Social Influence, And Online Reviews Are All Important Drivers Of Purchasing Decisions. The Research Shows That Digital Platforms, Particularly Social Media, Are Increasingly Influential In Forming Consumer Perceptions. The Findings Are Useful For Businesses Looking To Develop More Effective Marketing Strategies And Meet Changing Consumer Demands In The Highly Competitive Smartphone Industry. Read more Read less

Authors: Sathiyanithi.N | Sanjay kumar .S | Srignanasakthivel.J | Suriyabalan.D

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Chemistry

Review On Pharmacophore Mapping And Virtual Screening

3D Pharmacophore-based Techniques Are Crucial For Virtual Screening Of Large Compound Databases. They Offer An Intuitive Approach But Pose Algorithmic Challenges. This Review Discusses Strategies And Algorithms Used In Pharmacophore Modeling Platform... 3D Pharmacophore-based Techniques Are Crucial For Virtual Screening Of Large Compound Databases. They Offer An Intuitive Approach But Pose Algorithmic Challenges. This Review Discusses Strategies And Algorithms Used In Pharmacophore Modeling Platforms, High Lighting Their Differences. Virtual Screening Helps Predict Molecule Activity, Reducing Costs And Resources Needed For Drug Development By Identifying Promising Leads For Lab Experiments. Pharmacophore Models Can Be Developed When A Protein Target's 3D Structure Is Unknown Or When Ligands Are Available. These Models, Based On Chemical Features Like Hydrogen-bond Acceptors/donors, Are Used For Virtual Screening Of Databases.3D Pharmacophores Consider Featureslikehydrophobicpoints,acidic/basicgroups,andhydrogenbonding.Virtualscreening With 3D Pharmacophores Requires Advanced Tools Due To Increased Complexity. The Chemical Function-based Approach Is Widely Used, Defining Inter Actions Between Molecules And Proteins Read more Read less

Authors: Sweta Katore | Dr Prachi Kanawade | Dr Jaydeep Pawar | Rohini bairagi

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Mechanical Engineering

Industrial Machine Predictive Maintenance System Optimize Maintenance Schedules And Reduce Downtime With AI-powered Predictions

This Paper Presents A Comprehensive Framework For A Predictive Maintenance And Optimal Maintenance Management System For Factory Machinery. The System Integrates Artificial Intelligence (AI), Deep Learning, And Operations Research Methodologies To En... This Paper Presents A Comprehensive Framework For A Predictive Maintenance And Optimal Maintenance Management System For Factory Machinery. The System Integrates Artificial Intelligence (AI), Deep Learning, And Operations Research Methodologies To Enhance Operational Efficiency, Reduce Costs, And Increase The Productivity Of A Wide Range Of Industrial Equipment. By Analyzing Real-time Operational Data, Historical Service Records, And Machine-specific Parameters, The System Accurately Predicts Future Maintenance Requirements, Identifies Components Prone To Failure, And Calculates The Optimal Time And Cost For Each Maintenance Activity. The System's Back-end Logic, Including The AI Model And Data Analysis, Is Developed Using Python. The User Interface Is Built As A Web Application Using A Combination Of HTML, CSS, And JavaScript, Providing A Rich And Interactive Experience For Users. This Full-stack Approach Allows The System To Be Deployed On A Variety Of Platforms, Including Google Colab, And Accessed Via A Web Browser. The Implementation Of This System Provides A Proactive Approach To Maintenance, Moving Away From Traditional Reactive Or Time-based Schedules, Thereby Extending Equipment Lifespan, Minimizing Unplanned Downtime, And Maximizing Factory Profitability. Read more Read less

Authors: Thirugnanamuthu.N | Dr. David gnanaraj. J

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Theological And Literary Studies

The Pilgrim's Progress: A Theological And Literary Analysis

This Paper Explores The Literary, Theological, And Allegorical Elements Of John Bunyan's 'The Pilgrim's Progress'. It Analyzes The Narrative's Structure, Its Symbolism, And Its Impact On Religious And Literary Traditions. Special Attention Is Given T... This Paper Explores The Literary, Theological, And Allegorical Elements Of John Bunyan's 'The Pilgrim's Progress'. It Analyzes The Narrative's Structure, Its Symbolism, And Its Impact On Religious And Literary Traditions. Special Attention Is Given To The Protagonist Christian's Journey As A Representation Of The Protestant Christian Pilgrimage Of Faith. The Work’s Continuing Relevance And Pedagogical Value In Modern Theology And Literature Classrooms Is Also Discussed. Read more Read less

Authors: Ms. Anitha D

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Data Privacy

A Systematic Review Of Student Data Privacy In Web-Based Lecture Delivery Module In Tertiary Institutions In Kogi State Central

With The Growing Reliance On Web-based Delivery Platforms In Tertiary Education, Concerns Around Student Data Privacy Have Become Increasingly Prominent. This Study Presents A Systematic Review Of Literature Related To Data Privacy In Educational Tec... With The Growing Reliance On Web-based Delivery Platforms In Tertiary Education, Concerns Around Student Data Privacy Have Become Increasingly Prominent. This Study Presents A Systematic Review Of Literature Related To Data Privacy In Educational Technology, With A Focus On Tertiary Institutions In Kogi Central, Nigeria. The Review Investigates Institutional Practices, Technological Safeguards, Legal Frameworks, And Student Perceptions Concerning Data Privacy. Using The Preferred Reporting Items For Systematic Reviews And Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Methodology, A Total Of 47 Peer-reviewed Studies Published Between 2021 And 2024 Were Analyzed. The Study Critically Examine The Existing Literature On The Security Of Online Lecture Delivery Systems, Encryption And Blockchain Techniques.The Review Helps To Unveil The Strengths, Weaknesses, And Its Applications Through An Indepth Review That Focused On Integrating Strong Encryption Techniques And Blockchain Schemes. The Impact Of Providing A Robust Privacy And Security Framework For A Web-based Lectures Delivery System As Well As The Challenges And Limitations Of Implementing These Technologies In Tertiary Institutions In Kogi Central, Including Infrastructure, Expertise, And Regulatory Compliance.The Findings Reveal Significant Gaps In Policy Enforcement, Technical Implementation, And Awareness Among Stakeholders. This Study Recommends The Adoption Of Context-specific Privacy Policies, Enhanced Cybersecurity Protocols, And Compulsory Privacy Education For Institutional Users. Read more Read less

Authors: Yunisa Sunday | Emmanuel Eturpa Salami | Ekundayo Onimisi Kayode | Yahaya Yusuf Nurudeen | Joshua Attah

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) AI And Data Science

A Review On Machine Learning And Deep Learning Models For Predicting Workload In Cloud Platforms

Cloud Computing Has Become The Backbone Of Modern IT Infrastructure, Enabling Elastic Resource Provisioning And Pay-as-you-go Models. As Enterprises Migrate More Workloads To The Cloud, The Challenge Of Predicting Workload Demand And Managing Resourc... Cloud Computing Has Become The Backbone Of Modern IT Infrastructure, Enabling Elastic Resource Provisioning And Pay-as-you-go Models. As Enterprises Migrate More Workloads To The Cloud, The Challenge Of Predicting Workload Demand And Managing Resource Utilization Effectively Has Grown. Predictive Models—especially Those Leveraging Machine Learning (ML) And Deep Learning (DL)—play A Crucial Role In Ensuring That Resources Are Allocated Efficiently, Costs Are Minimized, And Performance Meets Service Level Agreements (SLAs) Since Cloud Data Is Large And Complex At The Same Time, Hence It Is Necessary To Use Artificial Intelligence Based Techniques For The Estimation Of Cloud Workload So As To Improve Upon The Accuracy Of Conventional Techniques. This Paper Presents A Review On The Contemporary Techniques For Cloud Workload Prediction. The Performance Evaluation Parameters Have Also Been Discussed.Future Research Directions In Terms Of Machine Learning And Deep Learning Algorithms For Cloud Workload Prediction Have Been Presented. Read more Read less

Authors: Vinod Sonkar | Dr. Sanmati Jain

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Education

Reimagining Mathematics Education: NEP 2020 And The Future Of Cognitive And Analytical Learning

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 Introduces A Transformative Vision For Mathematics Education In India, Emphasizing Conceptual Understanding, Experiential Learning, And The Integration Of Technology. It Moves Away From Rote Memorization And P... The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 Introduces A Transformative Vision For Mathematics Education In India, Emphasizing Conceptual Understanding, Experiential Learning, And The Integration Of Technology. It Moves Away From Rote Memorization And Prioritizes Student-centered Pedagogies That Foster Logical Reasoning, Problem-solving, And Critical Thinking. This Paper Explores Various Teaching Strategies Proposed Under NEP-2020, Including Play-based Learning, The Use Of Mother Tongue, Flipped Classrooms, And Multiple Representations. It Also Highlights The Integration Of Tools Like GeoGebra, MATLAB, And Maxima To Enhance Mathematical Learning. Moreover, The Mathematics Holds A Central Role In Developing Cognitive And Analytical Abilities Among Learners. In Recognition Of This, The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 Introduces A Framework Designed To Make Mathematics Education More Inclusive, Engaging, And Applicable To Real-life Contexts. The Policy Acknowledges The Cognitive Processes Of Learners, Especially Young Children, And Recommends Pedagogies That Support Learning Through Experience, Conceptual Understanding, And Metacognition. Rather Than Emphasizing Rote Memorization, NEP-2020 Encourages An Educational Shift Toward Critical Thinking, Logical Reasoning, And Independent Learning. Teachers Are Viewed As Key Document Reviews Major Reforms Such As The Shift To A 5+3+3+4 Curricular Structure, The Establishment Of PARAKH, And Efforts Like RAA And NBHM Aimed At Supporting Mathematics Education Nationwide. The Goal Is To Create An Inclusive, Flexible, And Engaging Learning Environment For All Students Across Different Socio-economic Backgrounds. Read more Read less

Authors: Manish Singh

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Civil Engineering

ANALYSIS OF A 3 DIMENSIONAL BUILDING FRAME USING CROSS BRACING THROUGH ETABS

This Paper Incorporates X-bracings To Greatly Increase The Seismic Resistance Of The Construction Of Both Buildings. The Structural Design Incorporates X-bracings To Assess Its Impact On Performance Under Seismic Loads. This Study Focuses On How X-br... This Paper Incorporates X-bracings To Greatly Increase The Seismic Resistance Of The Construction Of Both Buildings. The Structural Design Incorporates X-bracings To Assess Its Impact On Performance Under Seismic Loads. This Study Focuses On How X-bracingcan Increase Lateral Stiffness While Reducing The Building's Overall Deflection And Wobbling. This Study Compares Two G+ 15 Reinforced Concrete Buildings To Evaluate Their Seismic Performance In Different Seismic Zones. Both Buildings Are Analyzed And Designed Using Sophisticated Structural Analysis Tools. The First Building Is Located In Seismic Zone IV, Which Contributes An Area With Considerable Seismic Activity, While The Second Structure Is Located In Seismic Zone III, Which Accounts For Moderate Seismic Pressure. Using IS Codes, Seismic Analysis Is Performed For Both Structures Based On Bending Moment, Torsion, Axial Force, Base Shear, And Shear Force. Two Different Kinds Of Comparisons Are Made In This Study. First, The Same Models With Different Seismic Zones Are Compared, And Then The Same Models Are Compared Using Different Software. The Results Of The Analysis Are Compared In Order To Determine The Difference In Structural Reaction Between The Two Seismic Zones. The Comparison Demonstrates How Zone IV's High Seismic Force Produces Stronger Building Moments, Shear Forces, Axial Forces, And Torsion Than Zone III. Additionally, The Sturdy Evaluates The Performance Of X-bracing In Both Seismic Zones, Highlighting Its Significance In Reducing Structural Deformation And Improving The Overall Safety Of High-rise Structures In Seismic Zones. Read more Read less

Authors: Nandani Goswami | Hitesh Kodwani

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Civil Engineering

ANALYSIS OF A TALL STRUCTURE CONSIDERING SHEAR WALL WITH DIFFERENT SECTIONS OF OPENINGS USING ETABS

High-rise Building Construction Is Becoming More And More Common In The Modern Period Due To Aesthetic Reasons And Land Scarcity. Lateral Forces Have A Greater Impact On Tall Structures.Shear Walls Are Typically Designed To Minimise The Cause Of Dama... High-rise Building Construction Is Becoming More And More Common In The Modern Period Due To Aesthetic Reasons And Land Scarcity. Lateral Forces Have A Greater Impact On Tall Structures.Shear Walls Are Typically Designed To Minimise The Cause Of Damage, Such As Seismic And Wind Loads. Structures Are Getting Thinner And More Prone To Swaying These Days, Making Them More Dangerous During Earthquakes. In The Past, Engineers And Researchers Have Designed Structures To Withstand Earthquakes.The Implementation Of Lateral Load-resisting Devices In Building Configuration Has Significantly Enhanced The Structure's Seismic Performance, According To Numerous Empirical Investigations. The Primary Purpose Of Shear Walls, Which Are Flexural Members, Is To Prevent High-rise Structures From Completely Collapsing Under Earthquake Pressures. In This Study, The G+10-story Building Is Analysed Utilising The Response Spectrum Method With ETABS 2016. By Altering The Opening's Location And Size, Five Distinct Models Are Examined. The Analysis Findings Of Each Model Are Compared, And The Most Appropriate Opening Position Is Determined. The Structure Is Examined For Type 2 Soil Conditions And Seismic Zone V. Story Shear, Maximum Displacement, And Story Drift Are The Results That Are Compared. Read more Read less

Authors: Dheeraj Kumar | Hitesh Kodwani

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Civil Engineering

TIME HISTORY ANALYSIS OF UNDERGROUND WATER TANK CONSIDERING EARTH PRESSURE

Different Types Of Reservoirs And Water Tanks Are Used To Store A Variety Of Liquids, Including Chemicals, Water, And Petroleum. Water Tanks Are Necessary For Both Residential And Commercial Use In Order To Satisfy The Everyday Needs Of The People Wh... Different Types Of Reservoirs And Water Tanks Are Used To Store A Variety Of Liquids, Including Chemicals, Water, And Petroleum. Water Tanks Are Necessary For Both Residential And Commercial Use In Order To Satisfy The Everyday Needs Of The People Who Reside In These Locations. Both The Internal Water Pressure And The External Earth Pressure Are Applied To These Tanks Over The Course Of Their Existence. Soil Reaction From The Bottom And Internal Water Pressure From The Inside Are Applied To The Tank Bases. Consequently, They Are Always Covered From Top To Bottom To Ensure Complete Protection. This Rectangular Subterranean Tank Is Designed To Provide The Ideal Height For Convenient Water Pumping To The Overhead Tank.Design Calculations Must Take Into Account Both Water Pressure And Lateral Earth Pressure Because The Water Tank Is Underground; Therefore, The Design Must Adhere To IS Code Criteria. This Concept Designs A Rectangular Tank That Is Subterranean. This Design Project Employs The Limit State Method. Shear Force And Bending Moment Are Two Examples Of Water Tank Parameters That Researchers Study To Better Understand How They React To Seismic Forces And To Help With More Efficient Design And Construction. Read more Read less

Authors: Jitendra Lowanshi | Hitesh Kodwani

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Civil Engineering

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT OUTRIGGER SYSTEM AT DIFFERENT HEIGHT AND BELT-TRUSS SYSTEMS

Tall Buildings Are Necessary In Cities Due To The Rapid Expansion Of Infrastructure To Support Contemporary Civilisation. The Issue Of The Buildings' Lateral Stability And Sway Must Be Addressed By Engineering Judgment As They Go Taller. The Outrigge... Tall Buildings Are Necessary In Cities Due To The Rapid Expansion Of Infrastructure To Support Contemporary Civilisation. The Issue Of The Buildings' Lateral Stability And Sway Must Be Addressed By Engineering Judgment As They Go Taller. The Outrigger And Belt Truss Structural Systems Are Two Examples Of Structural Systems That Have Developed Continually To Address Issues With Lateral Stability And Sway. To Reduce The Danger Of Both Structural And Non-structural Damage During Small Or Medium Lateral Loads Caused By Wind Or Earthquakes, The Outrigger System Is One Of The Most Effective Ways To Efficiently Control Excessive Drift Caused By Lateral Load. Strong-rise Structures Can Use This System As A Suitable Structure, Especially In Areas With Strong Seismic Activity Or Wind Load. This Study Examines The Effective Usage Of Belt Truss And Outrigger Systems For High-rise Concrete Buildings That Are Subjected To Seismic Or Wind Loads. To Determine The Lateral Displacement Reduction Associated With The Various Types Of Outrigger And Belt Systems In Different Forms At Varying Heights, 26-story Two-dimensional Models Of Outrigger And Belt Truss Systems Are Subjected To Seismic Load, Analysed, And Compared. The Purpose Of The Analysis Was To Examine The Impact And Functionality Of The Outrigger System In A 26-story Building. As The Building Rises In Height, The Outrigger System Is Installed At Various Levels. The Outrigger And Belt Truss Depths Are Maintained Constant Throughout All Models And Are Equivalent To The Normal Story's Height. Read more Read less

Authors: Hasan Raza Siddique | Hitesh Kodwani

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Mechanical Engineering

Deep Learning For Anomaly Detection In A Blockchain- Secured Opioid Supply Chain

The Opioid Crisis Is A Significant Public Health Challenge Exacerbated By Vulnerabilities In The Conventional Supply Chain, Including Diversion, Counterfeit Drugs, And Over- Prescription. This Paper Proposes A Novel System That Leverages Blockchain T... The Opioid Crisis Is A Significant Public Health Challenge Exacerbated By Vulnerabilities In The Conventional Supply Chain, Including Diversion, Counterfeit Drugs, And Over- Prescription. This Paper Proposes A Novel System That Leverages Blockchain Technology To Create A Secure, Immutable, And Transparent Ledger For Tracking Opioid Distribution. By Integrating This Secure Data Source With A Deep Learning Model, We Demonstrate A Highly Effective Method For Identifying And Classifying Anomalous Transactions. Our Analysis Of A Simulated Dataset Reveals That Suspicious Activities Are Strongly Correlated With An Unusually High Quantity Of Drugs. The Deep Learning Model, A Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP), Was Trained On These Data Patterns And Achieved A Flawless Performance With 100% Accuracy, Precision, And Recall On The Test Set, Successfully Distinguishing Between Normal And Suspicious Transactions. The Findings Validate The Potential Of This Integrated Approach To Provide Actionable Insights For Regulatory Bodies And Law Enforcement, Thereby Strengthening The Opioid Supply Chain And Contributing To The Global Effort To Mitigate This Crisis. Read more Read less

Authors: Ashok A | Mukeshwaran B | Berkmans S

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Civil Engineering

Predictive Maintenance Of Bridge Structures Using AI-Driven Vibration Analysis And Sensor Data

Bridge Structures Are Among The Most Crucial Components Of Civil Infrastructure, Often Bearing The Load Of Transportation Systems Across Cities And Regions. Their Failure Can Lead To Significant Economic Disruptions, Public Safety Hazards, And Loss O... Bridge Structures Are Among The Most Crucial Components Of Civil Infrastructure, Often Bearing The Load Of Transportation Systems Across Cities And Regions. Their Failure Can Lead To Significant Economic Disruptions, Public Safety Hazards, And Loss Of Life. Traditionally, Bridge Health Monitoring (BHM) Has Been Carried Out Through Visual Inspections Or Scheduled Maintenance Cycles, Which Are Periodic, Expensive, And Reactive Rather Than Proactive. This Research Proposes An AI-driven Predictive Maintenance System Using Real-time Sensor Data, Particularly Vibration-based Signals, For Early Detection Of Structural Anomalies. By Integrating Accelerometers, Strain Gauges, And Tilt Sensors With Machine Learning Algorithms Such As Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Networks And Autoencoders, The System Can Identify Subtle Shifts In Bridge Behavior That Precede Failures. The Model Is Trained On Historical And Simulated Vibration Data To Detect Anomalies And Predict Degradation Patterns. A Decision-support Dashboard Visualizes Critical Parameters And Sends Automated Alerts For Early Intervention. This Approach Moves Beyond Reactive Maintenance To A Predictive Strategy That Ensures Safety, Extends Service Life, And Reduces Costs. Read more Read less

Authors: Dr Gajendran Chellaiah | Kaviyan P | Terrin Jerold E

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) NA

A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis Of The International Journal Of Production Economics

The Present Study Provide A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis Of The International Journal Of Production Economics (IJPE) Covering A Ten-year Period From 2010 To 2019. As Journals Serve As Primary Communication Channels For Disseminating Scientific... The Present Study Provide A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis Of The International Journal Of Production Economics (IJPE) Covering A Ten-year Period From 2010 To 2019. As Journals Serve As Primary Communication Channels For Disseminating Scientific Knowledge, The Study Evaluates The Productivity Trends, Authorship Patterns, Geographical Distribution Of Contributions, Channels Of Communication, And Applicability Of Lotka’s Law To Author Productivity Within IJPE. Bibliometric A Key Evaluative Tool Within Library And Information Science, Enables Quantitative Assessment Of Publication Patterns, Growth Of Literature, And Collaborative Trends In Scholarly Communication. Using Data Extracted From All Issues Of IJPE Published During The Decade, This Study Systematically Tabulates, Categorizes, And Analyses 3218 Research Articles Through MS-Excel To Meet The Defined Objectives. The Year-wise Analysis Reveals Fluctuating Yet Progressively Collaborative Research Activity, With 2013 Showing The Highest Productivity. The Study Records An Overall Collaboration Rate Of 0.90, Signifying A Strong Culture Of Co-authorship In The Field Of Production Economics. The Contribution Received In This Journal Are More From China Than From Other Countries. Read more Read less

Authors: Sindhu V. Navghare | Dr. Madhukar D. Garad

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Chemistry

An Antimicrobial And Antifungal Activity Of Terbium Rare Metal Complex With Quinoline Derivative

The Interaction Of Selected Rare-earth Metal Ions With A Biologically Significant Quinoline-based Ligand Has Emerged As An Important Focus In Current Coordination Chemistry Research. In This Investigation, A Scarcely Studied Quinoline Derivative Was... The Interaction Of Selected Rare-earth Metal Ions With A Biologically Significant Quinoline-based Ligand Has Emerged As An Important Focus In Current Coordination Chemistry Research. In This Investigation, A Scarcely Studied Quinoline Derivative Was Utilized To Form Coordination Complexes By Reacting It With Various Rare Metal Perchlorate Solutions. The Resulting Solid Complexes Were Thoroughly Analyzed Using A Range Of Instrumental Techniques. Additionally, Their Catalytic Behavior Was Explored Under Both Homogeneous And Heterogeneous Conditions. The Synthesized Complexes Were Also Assessed For Antimicrobial Activity Following Standardized Protocols. An Attempt Was Made To Establish Correlations Between The Molecular Structure And The Observed Chemical, Physical, And Biological Characteristics. Read more Read less

Authors: Dr.Haresh R.Patel | Dr.H.D.Chaudhari

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Civil Engineering

Effect Of Wind On Tall Building Frames-Influence Of Aspect Ratio

The Naturalwind Loads Significantly Impact The Design And Structural Integrity Of Tall Buildings. The Aspect Ratio, Defined As The Ratio Of A Building's Height To Its Width, Plays A Crucial Role In Determining The Extent Of Wind-induced Forces On Bui... The Naturalwind Loads Significantly Impact The Design And Structural Integrity Of Tall Buildings. The Aspect Ratio, Defined As The Ratio Of A Building's Height To Its Width, Plays A Crucial Role In Determining The Extent Of Wind-induced Forces On Buildings. This Study Examines The Influence Of Aspect Ratio On Wind Loads By Analyzing Buildings With Varying Aspect Ratios Using STAAD Prosoftware Tools. The Impact Of Wind On Tall Building Frames Is A Critical Factor In Structural Design, As The Forces Exerted By Wind Can Significantly Influence The Stability And Performance Of The Building. This Study Is To Examine Whether The Buildings With Higher Aspect Ratios Are More Susceptible To Wind-induced Stresses, Affecting Both Structural Safety And Serviceability. The Study Underscores The Importance Of Considering Wind Loads And Optimizing The Design Of Tall Buildings To Ensure Their Stability, Safety, Minimize Structural Damage, And Improve Performance In Wind-prone Areas Throughout Their Anticipated Lifespan. Read more Read less

Authors: Ms Vaishnavi Nandi | Kushal Kapali

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) Pharmacognosy

Quercetin As A Natural Antiviral Agent Against COVID-19 Bioavailability Challenges And Nanoformulation Approaches.

The Urgent Search For Potent Antiviral Drugs Has Been Spurred By The Worldwide Effects Of COVID-19. A Powerful Natural Substance With Antiviral, Anti-inflammatory, And Immunomodulatory Qualities Is Quercetin, A Polyphenol Obtained From Plants. Resear... The Urgent Search For Potent Antiviral Drugs Has Been Spurred By The Worldwide Effects Of COVID-19. A Powerful Natural Substance With Antiviral, Anti-inflammatory, And Immunomodulatory Qualities Is Quercetin, A Polyphenol Obtained From Plants. Research Indicates That Quercetin Supports Host Immune Response While Interfering With Several Aspects Of The SARS-CoV-2 Life Cycle, Such As Viral Entry And Multiplication. Despite Its Potential For Treatment, Quercetin's Limited Bioavailability And Poor Water Solubility Prevent It From Being Used In Clinical Settings. Nanoformulation Technologies Have Been Developed To Improve Its Targeted Distribution, Stability, And Absorption In Order To Address These Issues. In Preclinical Models, Tactics Such Polymeric Nanoparticles, Nanoemulsions, And Liposomes Loaded With Quercetin Have Shown Better Pharmacokinetic Profiles And Antiviral Results.This Abstract Emphasizes The Two Main Areas Of Current Research: Comprehending The Antiviral Mechanisms Of Quercetin And Using Nanotechnology To Get Beyond Its Delivery Restrictions For Possible Use In COVID-19 Treatment. Read more Read less

Authors: Vinotha .D | Dr.J.Karthi

Vol 11, Issue 8 (August 2025) MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS

A STUDY ON IMPACT OF RISK AND UNCERTAINITY ON AMUL

An Investigation Examines The Factors Of Risk And Uncertainty That Impact Amul Being One Of The Biggest Dairy Cooperatives Operating In India. Plenty Of Obstacles Affect The Dairy Sector Including Variable Raw Material Costs And Climate Variation And... An Investigation Examines The Factors Of Risk And Uncertainty That Impact Amul Being One Of The Biggest Dairy Cooperatives Operating In India. Plenty Of Obstacles Affect The Dairy Sector Including Variable Raw Material Costs And Climate Variation And Regulatory Changes And Consumer Preference Shifts. This Study Aims To Detect And Analyze The Essential Operational Risks At Amul While Evaluating The Company's Strategies To Reduce Uncertainty. Through Their Research Strategy That Combines Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis The Study Evaluates How Well Amul Handles Supply Chain Resilience Alongside Their Pricing Techniques And Product Expansion Strategy. The Combination Of Amul's Cooperative Framework Together With Innovative Marketing Techniques And Sturdy Distribution Channels Enables The Enterprise To Defend Its Market Standing Against Unpredictable Market Conditions. The Research Presents Valuable Dairy Industry Risk Management Best Practices And Recommends Additional Strategies To Boost Amul's Strategic Risk Management Approach. Read more Read less

Authors: Gnanaeswaran.M | Srignanasakthivel.J | Saravanan.P