Citrus Plant Nematodes: Diversity, Impact, And Management Strategies: A Review

Abstract

Citrus Cultivation Is A Vital Component Of Global Horticulture, Yet It Faces Persistent Threats From Plant-parasitic Nematodes (PPNs) That Compromise Root Health, Reduce Yield, And Affect Fruit Quality. This Review Explores The Diversity Of Nematodes Associated With Citrus Crops, Including Key Genera Such As Tylenchulus, Meloidogyne, And Pratylenchus, And Highlights Their Pathogenic Impact On Plant Growth And Orchard Productivity. The Mechanisms Of Nematode-citrus Interaction, Including Life Cycles, Infection Behavior, And Interactions With Soil Microbiota, Are Discussed To Provide A Foundational Understanding Of Nematode Ecology. Furthermore, The Review Presents Current Diagnostic Approaches, From Traditional Soil And Root Analysis To Advanced Molecular Techniques. A Comprehensive Overview Of Management Strategies Is Provided, Covering Cultural Practices, Chemical And Biological Controls, Host Resistance, And Integrated Nematode Management (INM). The Paper Concludes By Addressing Key Challenges And Future Perspectives, Emphasizing The Need For Farmer Education, Sustainable Control Methods, Technological Innovation, And Supportive Policy Frameworks. Together, These Insights Contribute To The Development Of Holistic And Environmentally Sound Strategies For Effective Nematode Management In Citrus Production Systems.

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