A Study On Effect Of Pollution On Land And River Due To Discharge Of Paper Packing Factory In Erode District By Using Gis

Abstract

Erode City, Which Serves As The Headquarters Of Erode District, Is Beautifully Situated Along The Banks Of The Cauvery River In Tamil Nadu. Geographically, It Sits Between The Latitudes Of 11° 17’ N And 11° 23' N, And The Longitudes Of 77° 40’ E And 77° 46' E, Covering An Approximate Aerial Extent Of 120 Km. The City Relies Heavily On The Cauvery River For Its Drinking Water Supply. Besides This River, The Local Population Also Taps Into Groundwater Resources To Meet Their Domestic, Agricultural, And Industrial Needs. However, Rapid Urbanization And Poor Waste Disposal Practices Have Led To The Contamination Of Both Groundwater And Surface Water In The Area. Currently, The City's Municipal Solid Waste Is Dumped In Open Landfills At Three Main Sites: Vendipalayam, Vairapalayam, And Semur. The Leachate From These Open Dumps Is Directly Polluting The Groundwater And Surface Water, Making It Unsuitable For Drinking In Many Areas. To Tackle This Issue, A Comprehensive Study Was Conducted Using Geographical Information System (GIS) Technology To Analyze The Spatial Variation In The Quality Of Surface And Groundwater. In February 2009, Researchers Collected Forty-three Groundwater Samples And Seven Surface Water Samples From The Region, Analyzing Them For Various Physical And Chemical Parameters, Including PH, Electrical Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids, Alkalinity, Hardness, And Several Ions Like Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl, HCO3, CO32, SO4, NO3, And F. The Concentrations Of These Constituents Were Then Compared Against The Standards Set By The Bureau Of Indian Standards (BIS) And The World Health Organization (WHO) To Assess The Water's Suitability For Drinking. The Findings Revealed That Many Locations Had Water Quality Parameters Exceeding Permissible Limits, Rendering The Water Unsafe For Consumption. Additionally, The Spatial Variation Of Groundwater Quality Parameters Was Mapped Using GIS.

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